Dermatology

Question 1

What is the most common type of skin cancer?

Answer 1

BCC

Question 2

What does a BCC look like?

Answer 2

Pearly rolled edge, ulcerated centre, telengectasia

Question 3

How does an SCC appear?

Answer 3

Keratotic- very scaly and crusty

Question 4

Which condition predisposes someone to SCC?

Answer 4

Acintinic keratosis

Question 5

Staging melanoma?

Answer 5

Breslow thickness, more then 0.7mm is worrying.

Question 6

What symptoms do you ask when you see a mole?

Answer 6

Itching, bleeding, change in colour, texture, size. Then sun exposure, cumulative or burning episodes.
Remember SCC is cumulative and melanomas are due to burning. Also check nails for sub-ungal melanomas.

Question 7

Causes of a malar rash?

Answer 7

Mitral valve disease, SLE, acne rosasea.

Question 8

What is keratoderma blennorhagica?

Answer 8

Skin lesions which resembles psoriasis found on the soles of the feet and the palms, as well as the penis. It is commonly seen in reactive arthritis.

Question 9

What are the associations with saddle nose?

Answer 9

Nasal trauma, congenital syphillus, wegeners granulomatosis, cocaine use.

Question 10

If you see yellowy flakes on someone with shingles, what should you do?

Answer 10

Co-prescribe some flucloxacillin.

Question 11

Causes of gynaecomastia?

Answer 11

Cannabis use, finasteride, testicular cancer. Klinefelters

Question 12

What is lupus pernio?

Answer 12

Granulomatous inflammation on the nose associated with sarcoid

Question 13

Blood tests in sarcoid

Answer 13

ESR, FBC, serum ACE, Calcium
Also do fundoscopy as can cause retinal vasculitis
Kidney function too

Question 14

What is ramsey-hunt syndrome?

Answer 14

When shingles affects the facial nerve causing facial paralysis. (the only way to distinguish from bells is to look at the ear for vesicles).

Question 15

Causes of gum hyperplasia?

Answer 15

Scurvy, sodium valproate (most anti-convulsants), poor oral hygiene.

Question 16

In which condition do you see livedo reticularus?

Answer 16

Mottled appearance of skin, has many causes and is usually due to inflammed blood vessels/ swelling of the venules due to small blood clots obstructing the capillaries. Seen in Lupus & many other conditions.

Question 17

Investigations for acromegaly?

Answer 17

Gold standard is a glucose tolerance test. You can also measure GH level.
GH is normally inhibited by glucose. If the glucose load fails to suppress the GH level below 1.0 mcg/L this confirms the diagnosis of acromegaly.

Question 18

What are patients with acromegaly at an increased risk of?

Answer 18

Colon and thyroid cancer. All patients should be offered yearly scoping from the age of 40.

Question 19

Signs of hypothyroid on the face?

Answer 19

Coarse thin hair, thin lateral eyebrows, periorbital odema & puffy dull face with dry skin. (PICTURE QUIZ)