Dermatology

Question 1

what are the components of the upper limb?

Answer 1

arm, forearm and hand

Question 2

what are the components of the lower limb?

Answer 2

thigh, leg and foot

Question 3

what is superficial fascia made of?

Answer 3

subcutaneous tissue
loose connective tissue
fat

Question 4

what is deep fascia made of?

Answer 4

dense connective tissue

Question 5

what is the arterial supply of the upper limb?

Answer 5

subclavian ->
axillary ->
brachial

 ulnar    /      \   radial
          \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
deep palmar arch
           \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
superficial palmar arch

Question 6

in the upper limb, which two arteries are deep?

Answer 6

radial and deep palmar arch

Question 7

where does the subclavian artery come from?

Answer 7

braciocephallic artery

Question 8

what side of the upper limb do veins drain onto?

Answer 8

dorsal (but top of hand - think about anatomical position)

Question 9

what are the superficial veins of the upper limb?

Answer 9

subclavian
venae comitantes (lateral - draining into the axillary)
axillary (medial)

Question 10

where does the subclavian vein drain into?

Answer 10

the braciocephallic vein

Question 11

what are the deep veins of the upper limb?

Answer 11

cephallic ( more lateral than axillary)
basillic ( -> axillary once venae comitantes has come off)
median cubital (between cephallic and basillic)

Question 12

what vein is used for venepuncture?

Answer 12

median cubital

Question 13

what is the arterial supply of the lower limb?

Answer 13

femoral artery
|
profunda femoris /|
| popliteal
posterior tibial / \ anterior tibial
fibular (superiorly) \ \ medial plantar
lateral plantar / -- dorsalis pedis
plantar arch \ / arcuate artery

Question 14

where is the ankle joint positioned, in terms of arteries in the lower limb (laterally and medially)?

Answer 14

laterally - between the fibular and medial plantar branches of the posterior tibial
medially - between anterior tibial and dorsalis pedis

Question 15

in the lower limb, which are deep arteries?

Answer 15

anterior tibial
dorsalis pedis
arcuate artery 
femoral
profunda femoris
popliteal

Question 16

in the lower limb, which are superficial arteries?

Answer 16

posterior tibial
medial plantar 
fibular
lateral plantar
plantar arch

Question 17

where can the dorsalis pedis pulse be felt?

Answer 17

dorsum of foot, lateral to extensor hallicus longus

Question 18

what is the venous drainage of the lower limb?

Answer 18

femoral |
            /  \ popliteal
           /    | \
great            small saphenous
saphenous

Question 19

what veins in the lower limb are superficial?

Answer 19

great saphenous (MEDIAL)
small saphenous

Question 20

what veins in the lower limb are deep?

Answer 20

femoral

popliteal

Question 21

where does the great saphenous run?

Answer 21

from dorsal venous arch
anterior to medial malleolus
on the MEDIAL side of the leg

Question 22

where does the small saphenous run?

Answer 22

posterior to lateral malleolus up the posterior side of the leg

Question 23

where is the gaiter area and what is its clinical relevance?

Answer 23

medial aspect of distal leg, where the great and small saphenous veins run
common site of venos ulceration

Question 24

what do lymphatics, in the upper and lower limbs follow?

Answer 24

veins

Question 25

3 locations and names of lymph nodes in the upper limb

Answer 25

1. apical axillary - where subclavian forms 2. lateral axillary - where venae comitantes is 3. cubital - where median cubital is

Question 26

4 locations and names of lymph nodes in the lower limb

Answer 26

1. deep inguinal - femoral 2. superficial inguinal - next to femoral bifurcation to great saphenous 3. popliteal - popliteal vein 4. superficial lymphatic vessel - medial side of leg, by great saphenous

Question 27

layers of the scalp?

Answer 27

``` Skin Connective Tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue Periosteum ```