DERMATOLOGY

Question 1

2 most common causative organisms in Cellulitis

Answer 1

Staph aureus and group A strep

Question 2

Treatment of cellulitis

Answer 2

Oral ceph or pen-resistant beta lactase for 10-14 days

linezolid or IV vance for MRSA or cases not responding to initial antibiotic therapy.

Question 3

Causative agent in most necrotizing fasciitis

Answer 3

Group A strep

Question 4

Causative agents in Impetigo

Answer 4

S auresu or group A strep

Question 5

2 common causes of acne outbreaks in adulthood

Answer 5

Corticosteroid use

Androgen production disorders

Question 6

First line tx for acne vulgaris

Answer 6

Topical retinoids, whicch decrease sebaceous gland activity and normalize follicular keratinization

Question 7

Immunocompromised patients are at an increased risk for developing which 2 complications from varicella infection?

Answer 7

Encephalopathy

Retinitis

Question 8

Tx of scabies

Answer 8

Permethrin or oral ivermectin

Question 9

Pruritis, erythematous scaly plaques with central clearing

Answer 9

Tinea infections. Microsporum, trichophyton, or epidermophyton.

Question 10

Most allergic contact derm is what hypersensitivity?

Answer 10

Type IV

Question 11

Labs in erythema multiforme

Answer 11

Increased eosinophils

Skin bx shows increased lymphocytes and necrotic keratinocytes

Question 12

Infectious causes of erythema multiforme

Answer 12

HSV and Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 13

Difference between SJS and TEN?

Answer 13

SJS: no more than 10% of skin sloughing
TEN: >30%

IDk about in between ?!

Question 14

Tx for pityriasis rosea

Answer 14

Self limited! Topical steroids, phototherapy or erythromycin may decrease duration

Question 15

Describe erythema nodosum

Answer 15

Inflammation of SUBQ FAT SEPTA resulting in painful erythematous nodules – > most commonly on anterior tibias

Question 16

Pemphigus vulgaris H/P

Answer 16

PAIN, FRAGILE BLISTERS in OROPHARYNX and on chest, face, and perineal region
Positive nikolsky’s sign

Question 17

Labs in pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 17

Skin bx shows separating of epidermal cells (PACANTHOLYSIS) with intact BM

Question 18

Tx of pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 18

Corticosteroids ,azathioprine or cyclophosphamide

Question 19

Pathophys of bulls pemphigoid

Answer 19

Autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibdodies to epidermal BM

Question 20

Tx of bullous pemphigoid

Answer 20

Oral or topical corticosteroids or azathioprine

Question 21

Pathophys of porphyria cuteneouRisks tarda

Answer 21

Deficiency of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, an enzyme involved in heme metabolism

Question 22

Risk factors for pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 22

Alcoholism, hep C, iron overload, estrogen use, smoking

Question 23

H&P of porphyria cutanea tarda

Answer 23

Chronic blistering lesions on unexposed skin, hyper pigmented skin, facial hypertrichosis, ruptured blisters heal poory and result in scarring

Question 24

Labs in porphyria cutanea tarda

Answer 24

Elevated AST and ALT, increased total plasma porphyrin, increased urine porphyrins, decreased uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

Question 25

Tx of porphyria cuteness tarda

Answer 25

Periodic phlebotomy
Low-dose chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine
Sunscreen
Avoid triggers

Question 26

Tx of actinic keratosis

Answer 26

Even when its suggested, biopsy a lesion to rule out SCC. Tx with topical 5-FU or imiquimod, cryotherapy.

Question 27

Arsenic exposure increases risk for what cancer?

Answer 27

SCC

Question 28

Tx of SCC

Answer 28

Mohs excision for lesions on face. Radiation may be helpful in large lesions.

Question 29

Biopsy shows basophilic-staining basal epidermal cells arranged in palisades

Answer 29

Basal cell

Question 30

Most common melanoma

Answer 30

Superficial spreading

Question 31

Time frame for tx of varicella

Answer 31

72 hours

Question 32

SE of oral isotretinoin

Answer 32

Teratogen
Dry skin/mucous membranes – > cracking – > infection
Hypertriglyceridemia – > pancreatitis
Hepatotox
Depression/suicidal thoughts
Pseudotumor cerebri esp with tetracycline use

Question 33

Tx of tinea capitis

Answer 33

Oral griseofulvin or terbinafine

Question 34

Tx for rosacea

Answer 34

Sulfacetamide, topical metronidazole.

Question 35

Wickhams striae

Answer 35

White lace like pattern seen on lesions of lichen planus

Question 36

Tx of psoriasis

Answer 36

Topical steroids
Calcipotriene
Tazarotene
coal tar

Question 37

Horse chestnut seed extract can help treat

Answer 37

Stasis dermatitis.