DERMATOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

2 most common causative organisms in Cellulitis

A

Staph aureus and group A strep

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2
Q

Treatment of cellulitis

A

Oral ceph or pen-resistant beta lactase for 10-14 days

linezolid or IV vance for MRSA or cases not responding to initial antibiotic therapy.

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3
Q

Causative agent in most necrotizing fasciitis

A

Group A strep

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4
Q

Causative agents in Impetigo

A

S auresu or group A strep

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5
Q

2 common causes of acne outbreaks in adulthood

A

Corticosteroid use

Androgen production disorders

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6
Q

First line tx for acne vulgaris

A

Topical retinoids, whicch decrease sebaceous gland activity and normalize follicular keratinization

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7
Q

Immunocompromised patients are at an increased risk for developing which 2 complications from varicella infection?

A

Encephalopathy

Retinitis

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8
Q

Tx of scabies

A

Permethrin or oral ivermectin

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9
Q

Pruritis, erythematous scaly plaques with central clearing

A

Tinea infections. Microsporum, trichophyton, or epidermophyton.

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10
Q

Most allergic contact derm is what hypersensitivity?

A

Type IV

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11
Q

Labs in erythema multiforme

A

Increased eosinophils

Skin bx shows increased lymphocytes and necrotic keratinocytes

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12
Q

Infectious causes of erythema multiforme

A

HSV and Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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13
Q

Difference between SJS and TEN?

A

SJS: no more than 10% of skin sloughing
TEN: >30%

IDk about in between ?!

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14
Q

Tx for pityriasis rosea

A

Self limited! Topical steroids, phototherapy or erythromycin may decrease duration

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15
Q

Describe erythema nodosum

A

Inflammation of SUBQ FAT SEPTA resulting in painful erythematous nodules – > most commonly on anterior tibias

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16
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris H/P

A

PAIN, FRAGILE BLISTERS in OROPHARYNX and on chest, face, and perineal region
Positive nikolsky’s sign

17
Q

Labs in pemphigus vulgaris

A

Skin bx shows separating of epidermal cells (PACANTHOLYSIS) with intact BM

18
Q

Tx of pemphigus vulgaris

A

Corticosteroids ,azathioprine or cyclophosphamide

19
Q

Pathophys of bulls pemphigoid

A

Autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibdodies to epidermal BM

20
Q

Tx of bullous pemphigoid

A

Oral or topical corticosteroids or azathioprine

21
Q

Pathophys of porphyria cuteneouRisks tarda

A

Deficiency of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, an enzyme involved in heme metabolism

22
Q

Risk factors for pemphigus vulgaris

A

Alcoholism, hep C, iron overload, estrogen use, smoking

23
Q

H&P of porphyria cutanea tarda

A

Chronic blistering lesions on unexposed skin, hyper pigmented skin, facial hypertrichosis, ruptured blisters heal poory and result in scarring

24
Q

Labs in porphyria cutanea tarda

A

Elevated AST and ALT, increased total plasma porphyrin, increased urine porphyrins, decreased uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

25
Tx of porphyria cuteness tarda
Periodic phlebotomy Low-dose chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine Sunscreen Avoid triggers
26
Tx of actinic keratosis
Even when its suggested, biopsy a lesion to rule out SCC. Tx with topical 5-FU or imiquimod, cryotherapy.
27
Arsenic exposure increases risk for what cancer?
SCC
28
Tx of SCC
Mohs excision for lesions on face. Radiation may be helpful in large lesions.
29
Biopsy shows basophilic-staining basal epidermal cells arranged in palisades
Basal cell
30
Most common melanoma
Superficial spreading
31
Time frame for tx of varicella
72 hours
32
SE of oral isotretinoin
Teratogen Dry skin/mucous membranes -- > cracking -- > infection Hypertriglyceridemia -- > pancreatitis Hepatotox Depression/suicidal thoughts Pseudotumor cerebri esp with tetracycline use
33
Tx of tinea capitis
Oral griseofulvin or terbinafine
34
Tx for rosacea
Sulfacetamide, topical metronidazole.
35
Wickhams striae
White lace like pattern seen on lesions of lichen planus
36
Tx of psoriasis
Topical steroids Calcipotriene Tazarotene coal tar
37
Horse chestnut seed extract can help treat
Stasis dermatitis.