Dermatology Flashcards
what population is acanthosis nigricans commonly seen in
obese
insulin resistance
PCOS
DM
define actinic keratosis
flesh-colored, pink or yellow-brown lesions with a rough sandpaper feel
what is the treatment for actinic keratosis
remove as precaution
observation
cryosurgery
5FU cream
electodesiccation
imiquimod
what condition presents with oval-shaped, well-demarcated hair loss typically caused by autoimmune condition
alopecia areata
what condition presents wtih loss of hair due to pulling force being applied to hair
traction alopecia
what is telogen effluvium
scalp disorder characterized by the thinning or shedding of hair reesutling from early entry of hair in the telogen phase
what is the term for typical male pattern baldness
androgenic alopecia
what type of skin cancer presents as a white waxy lump or brown scaly patch that is raised, pearly and rolled borders wtih telangiectasias and a central ulcer
BCC
what is treatment options for BCC
FU cream and imiquimod cream
photodynamic therapy (PDT) and surgical excision with clear margins
what condition presents as a rare, chronic acquired autoimmune subepidermal blistering skin disocrder due to autoantibodies against hemidesmosomes in the epidermal-dermal junction
bullous pemphigoid
what is the treatment of bullous pemphigoid
corticosteroids
what condition is an acute bacterial skin/skin structure infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue characterized by pain, erythema, warmth, and swelling.
cellulitis
what is the treatment of cellulitis
cephalexin of dcloxacillin
if MRSA - bactrim, clinda, doxy or IV vanco/linezolid
what is condyloma acuminatum
anogentical warts
what causes condyloma acuminatum
HPV 6 and 11 are MC but also 16,18,31,33,and 35
what is treatment of condyloma acuminatum
imiquimod
podofilox
cryotherapy
surgery or TCA
what is another name for seborrheic dermatitis
cradle cap
what is the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis
ketoconazole shampoo
what is the treatment of perioral dermatitis
topical metronidazole and avoid steroids
what id dyshidrosis
pruritic vesicular eruption comprised of clear, deep-seated vescicles without erythema erupting on the lateral aspects of finger, central palm and plantar surfaces
what is the treatment of dyshidrosis
petroleum jelly
moisturizer
cold compresses and topical steroids
define erysipelas
distinct form of cellulitis notable for acute, well-demarcated, raised superficial bacterial skin infection with lymphatic involvement
what pathogen causes erysipelas
S. pyogenes
what is the treatment of erysipelas
Pen G
what is erythema multiforme
acute, self-limiting and sometimes reocurring skin condition that is considered to be a type IV hypersensitivity reaction associated MC with HSC, meds (sulfa) and other triggers
what condition is caused by parvovirus B19 and caused a “slapped cheek” rash on the face
erythema infectiousum (fifths disease)
what is the treatment of erythema infectiousum
supportive and anti-inflammatory
what pathogen causes hand-food and mouth disease
coxackievirus type A virus
what is the presentation of measles (rubeola)
4Cs: cough, coryza, conjunctivitis and cephalocaudal spread
what is the presentation of rubella (german measles)
“3-day rash” that first appears on face and spreads to trunk/extremities
what is the pathogen associated wtih roseola (sixths disease)
HSV 6 or 7
what childhood exanthem starts on the trunk and spreads to the face
roseola (sixths disease)
what condition presents with chronic follicular occlusive disease wtih recurrent inflammatory nodules, abscess, sinus tracts and complex scar formation
hidradenitis suppurativa
what is the first line treatment for hidradenitis suppeurativa
intralesional triamcinolone
what is a highly contageous skin infection that cuases red sores on the face
impetigo
what is the treatment of impetigo
topical mupirocin, dcloxacillin, and cephalexin for more severe illness
what are complications of impetigo
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
what condition causes lesions to grow in skin, lymph nodes, interal organs and mucous membranes that is associated with HPV 8
Kaposi Sarcoma
what is the tx of Kaposi sarcoma
radiation or chemo
and rarely surgery may be needed
what is the treatmet of choice for lice
permetherin topical
what condition presents as a chronic papulosquamous inflammatory dermatosis with purplish, itchy, flat-topped bumps forming lacy white patches
lichen planus
how is lichen planus characterized
5Ps: purple, papule, plygonal, pruritus, planar
what are whickham striae
whitish lines visible in the papules of lichen planus and other dermatoses
what is the treatment of lichen plaus
topical steroids
what presents as a pigemented lesion wtih irregular border, irregular surface or irregular coloration
melenoma
define melsama
hyperpigementation of sun-exposed areas of the face
dark, irregular, well-demarcated macules/patches
what is the treatment for nummular eczema
high or ultra-high potency topical corticosteroids
what is the tx of onychomycosis
terbinafine x 6 weeks for fingernails and 12 weeks for toenails
what is auspitz sign
bleeding when scale of psoriasis is picked
what is koebners phenomenon
minor trauma causes new lesion (psoriasis)
what is seborrheic keratosis
mc benign skin tumor seen in fair-skinned elderly patients with prolonged sun exposure
- brown, black or tan frowth with waxy, “stuck on” appearance
what BSA does SJS affect
3-10%
what BSA does TEN affect
> 30%
what are verrucae
warts
