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Clinical: Family Medicine > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

what is the presentation of PVC

A

early wide bizzared QRS, no p wave seen

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2
Q

what is the presentation of PAC

A

abnormally shaped p waves

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3
Q

what is the presentation of PJC

A

narrow QRS complex, no p wave or inverted p wave

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4
Q

what is the presentation of paroxysmal SVT

A

narrow, comprex tachycardia, no discernible p waves

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5
Q

what are the types of sick sinus syndrome

A

Brady-Tachy and Sinus arrhest

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6
Q

what is the presentation of sinus arrest

A

prolonged absence of sinus node activity (absent p waves) >3 seconds

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7
Q

what is a sinus arrhythmia

A

normal, inimal variation in SA node pacing rate in association with phases of respiraton.

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8
Q

what arrhythmia presents with a early wide “bizarre” QRS, with no p wave seen

A

PVCs

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9
Q

what presents with three or more consecutive VPBs, displaying a broad QRS complex tachycardia

A

vetntricular tachycardia

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10
Q

what presents with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that appears to be twisting around a baseline

A

torsades de pointes

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11
Q

chest pain that is relieved by sitting and/or leaning forward

A

pericarditis

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12
Q

what are the most common causes of congestive heart failure

A

CAD
HTN
MI
DM

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13
Q

what is the treatment of systolic left heart failure

A

ACEi + BB + Loop diuretic

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14
Q

what is the treatment of diastolic heart failure

A

ACEi + BB or CCB

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15
Q

what is the definitive diagnostic test for CAD

A

cardiac catheterization

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16
Q

what is the treatment of acute coronary syndrome

A

Morphine, oxygen, Nitro, ASA, ACEi

may also use BB, GPIIb/IIIa antagonist, angioplasty

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17
Q

what drugs improve post-MI mortality rates

A

ASA
BB
ACEi
ARBs
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

18
Q

what is subacute bacterial endocarditis

A

indolent infection of abnormal valves with less virulent organisms (S. viridians)

19
Q

what pathogen is associated wtih IVDU endocarditis

A

S. aureus

20
Q

what pathogen is associated with prostehtic valve endocarditis

A

S. epidermidis

21
Q

what is the classic sign of endocarditis

A

oslers node
janeway lesions
roth spots
spinter hamorrhages

22
Q

what is the treatment of endocarditis

A

IV vanco or ampicillin/sulbactam + aminoglycoside

23
Q

what should be added to medication regiment for the treatment of prostheic valve endocarditis

A

+ Rifampin

24
Q

what should be given to high-risk endocarditis prophylaxis for procedures

A

amoxicillin 2g 30-60 min prior to procedure

25
Q

what characterizes hypertensive retinopathy

A

retinal hemorrhages, exudates and papilledema

26
Q

what is the treatment of choice for hypertensive urgency

A

clonidine

27
Q

what is the treatment of choice for hypertensive emergency

A

sodium Nitroprusside

28
Q

what is the treatment of malignant hypertension/hypertensive retinopathy

A

clevidipine/sodium nitroprusside

29
Q

what is normal triglyceride levels

A

< 150 mg/dL

30
Q

what is the treatment of isolated elevated triglycerides

A

fibrates and Niacin

31
Q

What ABI level indicates significant disease

A

< or = 0.9

32
Q

what is the gold standard study for peripheral vascular disease

A

angiography

33
Q

what murmur presents as a systolic ejection crescendo-decrescendo at the right upper sternal boarder

A

Aortic Regurgitation

34
Q

what murmur presents as a soft high pitched, blowing diastolic murmur along the left lower sternal border

A

Aortic Regurgitation

35
Q

what murmur presents wtih a diastolic low pitched blowing decrescendo and rumbling with opening snap at LUSB and apex

A

Mitral stenosis

36
Q

what murmur presents as a blowing holosystolic murmur at Apex with split S2

A

Mitral regurgitation

37
Q

what murmur presents with a harsh systolic ejection crescendo-decrescendo murmur with widely split S2 at LUSB

A

Pulmonary stenosis

38
Q

what murmur presents with high pitched, early diastolic decrescendo murmur at LUSB

A

pulmonic regurgitation

39
Q

what murmur presents with a mid diastolic rumbling at LLSB with opening snap

A

tricuspid stenosis

40
Q

what murmur presents with high pitched holosystolic murmur at LLSB

A

tricuspid regurgitation

Clinical: Family Medicine (10 decks)

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