Dermatology Flashcards
adip/o
fat
all/o
other; strange
-ant
pertaining to
albin/o
white
abras/o
scrape off
an-
without
-ation
a process; being or having
actin/o
rays of sun
angi/o
blood vessel; lymphatic vessel
-ancy
state of
-al
pertaining to
aspir/o
breathe in; to suck in
aut/o
self
anti
against
bas/o
base of a sturcture; basic
blephar/o
eyelid
bi/o
life; living organisms; living tissue
cutane/o
skin
coll/a
fibers that hold together
cut/i
skin
contus/o
bruising
-cle
small thing
cyan/o
blue
cellul/o
cell
carcin/o
cancer
cry/o
cold
cortic/o
cortex (outer region)
derm/a
skin
derm/o
skin
diaphore/o
sweat
dermat/o
skin
-derma
skin
de-
reversal of; without
dys-
painful; difficult; abnormal
-dactyly
condition of finger or toes
dynam/o
powerful; movement
elast/o
flexing; stretching
ex/o
away from; external; outward
erect/o
to stand up
erg/o
activity; work
extra-
outside of
ecchym/o
blood in the tissues
erthemat/o
redness
esthes/o
sensation; feeling
-elasma
platelike structure
exud/o
oozing fluid
-ery
process of
electr/o
electricity
excis/o
to cut out
-ectomy
surgical excision
foli/o
leaf
follicul/o
follicle (small sac)
fer/o
to bear
fiss/o
splitting
fung/o
fungus
gangrene/o
gangrene
-graft
tissue for implant or transplant
hem/o
blood
hemat/o
blood
hidr/o
sweat
hirsute/o
hairy
hypo-
below; deficient
integument/o
skin
integu/o
to cover
-itis
inflammation of; infection of
-ion
action; condition
icter/o
jaundice
-ic
pertaining to
-ia
condition; state; thing
-ile
pertaining to
-iasis
state of; process of
-iatic
pertaining to a state or process
-ism
process; disease from a specific cause
intra-
within
-ity
state; condition
incis/o
to cut into
kerat/o
cornea; hard, fibrous protein
kel/o
tumor
lip/o
fat
lun/o
moon
loc/o
in one place
lacer/o
a tearing
melan/o
black
malign/o
intentionally causing harm; cancer
myc/o
fungus
micr/o
one millionth; small
necr/o
dead cells, tissues, or body
-oma
tumor; mass
-osis
condition; abnormal condition; process
-ous
pertaining to
-oid
resembling
onych/o-
nail (fingernail or toenail)
-opsy
process of viewing
pil/o
hair
phylact/o
guarding; protecting
-plasm
growth; formed substance
prurit/o
itching
pedicul/o
lice
pre-
before; in front of
papill/o
elevated structure
plast/o
growth; formation
poly-
many; much
psor/o
itching
-phyma
tumor; growth
par-
beside
-plasty
process of reshaping by surgery
phot/o
light
-rrhage
excessive flow or discharge
rhin/o
nose
-rrhea
flow; discharge
rhytid/o
wrinkle
-steroid
steroid
sect/o
to cut
surg/o
operative procedure
sensitive/o
affected by; sensitive to
schiz/o
split
seb/o
sebum (oil)
-sis
process; condition; abnormal condition
scler/o
hard; sclera (white of the eye)
sytem/o
the body as a whole
sarc/o
connective tissue
squam/o
scalelike cell
syn-
together
sen/o
old age
sudor/i
sweat
sebace/o
sebum (oil)
spir/o
breathe; a coil
-tic
pertaining to
trich/o
hair
-tome
instrument used to cut; area with distinct edges
topic/o
a specific area
trans-
across; through
-ure
system; result of
ungu/o
nail (fingernail or toenail)
vas/o
blood vessel; vas deferens
vesic/o
bladder; fluid filled sac
vesicul/o
bladder; fluid filled sac
vir/o
virus
xanth/o
yellow
xer/o
dry
Dermis
Layer of skin under the epidermis.
Collagen
Firm, white protein connectove prtein fibers throught the dermis.
Elastin
Elastic, yellow protein fibers in the dermis.
Epidermis
thin, outermost layer of the skin. The most superficial part consists of of dead cells filled w/ keratin.
Keratin
Hard protein found in the cells of othe outermost part of the epidermis.
Epithelium
Tissue category that includes the epidermis and all of its structures.
Follickle
Site where hair is formed.
Melanocytes
Pigment-containing cell in the epidermis that producues melanin.
Melanin
Dark brown or black pigemen that gives color to the skin and hair.
Adipose tissue
Contains lipocytes.
Lipocytes
Cells that store fat.
Dermatolgy
The study of skin and its related structures.
Basal Layer
Deepest part of the epidermis and its compiosed of living cells that arre constantly dividing and being forced to the surface
Integument
The skin, hair, and nails.
Process of exfoliatiion
Normal process of the constant shedding of dead skin cells from the most superficial part of the epidermis.
Sebaceous glands (oil glands)
Exocrine glands that secrete sebum through a duct.
Sebum
Consists of oil that coats and potects the hair shaft to keep it from becoming brittle.
Nail bed
Layer of living tissue beneath the nail plate.
Lunula
Whitish half-mon taht is under the proximal portion of the nail plate.
Subcutaneous tissue
Loose, conective tissue directly beneath the dermis and it’s composed of adipose tissue tthat contain lipocytes that store fat.
Allergy
Hypersensitivity response to certaain types of antigens known as allergens.
Allergen
Cells from plants or animals (foods, pollens, molds, animal dander), as well as dust , chemicals and drugs that cause an allergic reaction in a hypersensitive person.
Histamine
Constricts the bronchioles, dilates the blood vessels thought the body, and causes hives on the skin.
Local reaction
Allergic reaction that takes place on atea of the skin tha was exposed to an allergen.
Systemic reaction
Allergic reaction that takes place throughout the body in a hypersensitive person after contact with an allergen that ingested, inhaled, or injected.
Anaphylaxis (anaphylatic) shock
Sever systemic allergic reaction characterized by respiratory distress, hypotension, and shock.
Dermatitis
Any disease condition that includes inflammation or infection of the skin.
Edema
Excessive amounts of fluid move from the blood into the dermis or subcutaneous tissue and cause swelling.
Lesion
Any area of visible damage on the skin, whether it is from disease of injury.
Fissure
Small, crack-like crevice has some fluid exudate ex: dry, chapped skin.
Macule
Flat circle ex: freckle, age spot.
Papule
Elevated and it’s solid ex: acne pimple.
Pustule
Elevated and has pus ex: acne whitehead.
Vesicle
Elevated with pointed top and has clear fluid ex: herpes, chicken pox.
Wheal
Elevated with broad flat top and also has clear fluid ex: insect bite, urticaria.
Neoplasm
Any benign or malignant new growth that occurs on or in the skin.
Pruritus
Itching.
Xeroderma
Excessive dryness of the skin which can be caused by aging, cold weather with low humidity, vitamin A deficiency, or dehydration.
Cyanosis
bluish-purple discoloration of the skin and nails due to a decreased level of oxygen in the blood.
Erythema
Reddish discoloration of skin. It can be confine to one area of local inflammation or infection or it xan affect large areas of the skin surgace as in sunburn.
Jaundice
Yellowish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and whites of the eyes which is associated with liver disease.
Necrosis
Gray-to-black discoloration of the skin in areas where the tissue has died.
1st degree burn
Involves only the epidermis and causes erythema (reddish discoloration of the skin), pain, and swelling.
2nd degree burn
Involves the epidermis and the upper part of the dermis and causes erythema (reddish discoloration of the skin), pain, and swelling. There are small blisters or larger blisters (bullae).
3rd degree burn
Involves the epidermis and entire dermis, and sometimes the subcutaneous tissue and muscle layer beneath. There area is black where the skin is charred.
Cicatrix (scar)
Fibrous tissue composed of collagen that forms as an injury heals.
Keloid
Very firm, abnormally large scar that is bigger then the original injury. It is caused by an overproduction of collagen.
Decubitus ulcer
Constant pressure to a particular area of the skin restricts the blood flow to the those tissues.
Exoriation
Superficial injury with a sharp object such as a fingernail or thorn that creates a linear scratch in the skin.
Cellulitis
Spreading inflammation and infection of the connective tissues of skin and muscle.
Tinea
Skin infection caused by a fungus that feeds on epidermal cells.
Verruca
Irregular, rough skin lesion caused by the human papillomavirus.
Scabies
Infestation of parasitic mites that tunnel under the skin and produce vesicles that are itchy.
Pediculosis
Infestation of lice and their eggs (nits) in the scalp, hair, eyelashes, or pubic hair.
Contact dermatitis
Local reaction to physical contact with a substance that is an allergen or an irritant.
Urticaria
Condition of raised areas of redness and edema that appear suddenly and may also disappear rapidly (hive).
Hemangioma
Congenital growth composed of a mass of superficial and dilated blood vessels.
Lipoma
Benign growth of adipose tissue from the subcutaneous layer. It is soft, rounded, nontender fatty elevation in the skin.
Nevus
Benign skin lesions that is present at birth and comes in a variety of colors and shapes (birthmark).
Papilloma
Small, soft, flesh-colored growth of epidermis and dermis that protrudes outwardly.
Syndactyly
Congenital abnormality in which the skin and soft tissues are joined between the fingers or toes.
Xanthoma
Benign growth that is a yellow nodule or plaque on the hands, elbows, knees, or feet. It is seen in pts who have a high level of lipids in the blood or have diabetes mellitus.
Basal cell carcinoma
Skin cancer that begins in the basal layer of the epidermis. It is the most common type of skin cancer. It often appears as a raised, pearly bump.
Malignant melanoma
Skin cancer that begins in melanocytes in the epidermis. It grows quickly and metastasizes to other parts of the body.
Squamous cell carcinoma
Skin cancer that begins in the flat squamous cells of the superficial layer of the epidermis. It most often appears as a red bump or ulcer. It is the second common type of skin cancer.
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Skin cancer that begins in connective
Psoriasis
Autoimmune disorder that produces an excessive number of epidermal cells/
Scleroderma
Autouimmune disorder with deterioration of collagen in the skin and connective tissues. There is joint pain, sensitivity to sunlight, and fatigue.
Acne vulgaris
During puberty, the sebaceous glands produce large amounts of sebum, particularly of the forehead, nose, chin, shoulder, and back.
Acne rosacea
Chronic skin condition of the face in middle aged-patients. There is blotch erythema, dilated superficial blood vessels, papules, and edema that is made worse by heat, cold, stress, emotions, certain foods, alcoholic beverages, and sunlight.
Seborrhea (craddle crap, eczema)
Overproduction of sebum, particularly on the face and scalp, that occurs at a time other than puberty.
Anhidrosis
Congenital absence of the sweat glands and inablity to tolerate heat.
Diaphoresis
Profuse sweating. It is caused by myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, or withdrawal, from narcotic drugs.
Alopecia
Acute or chronic loss of scalp hair. Acute can be caused by chemotherapy drugs that attack rapidly dividing cancer cells, but also affect hair loss.
Clubbing
Abnormally curved fingernails and stunted growth of the finger associated with a chronic lack of oxygen in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Tzanck test
A skin scraping is done to obtain fluid from a vesicle. A smear of the fluid is placed on a slide, stained, and examined under a microscope.
Cryosurgery
Procedure in which a liquid containing collagen is injected into wrinkles or acne scars.
Debridment
Procedure in which necrotic tissue is debrided (removed) from a burn, wound, or ulcer. this done to prevent infection from developing, to assess the extent or depth of a wound, or to create a clean, raw surface that is ready to heal or receive a skin graft.
Incision and drainage (I & D)
Procedure to treat a cyst or abscess.
Chemical peel
Removal of superficial and deep acne scars, fine or deep wrinkles, or tattoos, or the correction of large pores and skin tone irregularities y means of topical chemicals, abrasion, or laser treatments.
Curettage
Procedure to scrape off a superficial skin lesion.
Moh’s surgery
Procedure to remove skin cancer, particularly tumors with irregular shapes and depths.
Autograft
Skin graft that is taken from another part of the patient’s own body.
Allograft
Skin graft that is taken from a cadaver
Xenograft
Skin graft of just the dermis that is taken from an animal.
Antiviral drugs
Treat herpes simplex virus infections.
Psorlalen drugs
Treat psoriasis.
