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Dermatology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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2
Q

all/o

A

other; strange

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3
Q

-ant

A

pertaining to

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4
Q

albin/o

A

white

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5
Q

abras/o

A

scrape off

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6
Q

an-

A

without

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7
Q

-ation

A

a process; being or having

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8
Q

actin/o

A

rays of sun

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9
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel; lymphatic vessel

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10
Q

-ancy

A

state of

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11
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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12
Q

aspir/o

A

breathe in; to suck in

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13
Q

aut/o

A

self

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14
Q

anti

A

against

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15
Q

bas/o

A

base of a sturcture; basic

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16
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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17
Q

bi/o

A

life; living organisms; living tissue

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18
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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19
Q

coll/a

A

fibers that hold together

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20
Q

cut/i

A

skin

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21
Q

contus/o

A

bruising

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22
Q

-cle

A

small thing

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23
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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24
Q

cellul/o

A

cell

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25
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer

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26
Q

cry/o

A

cold

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27
Q

cortic/o

A

cortex (outer region)

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28
Q

derm/a

A

skin

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29
Q

derm/o

A

skin

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30
Q

diaphore/o

A

sweat

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31
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

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32
Q

-derma

A

skin

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33
Q

de-

A

reversal of; without

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34
Q

dys-

A

painful; difficult; abnormal

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35
Q

-dactyly

A

condition of finger or toes

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36
Q

dynam/o

A

powerful; movement

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37
Q

elast/o

A

flexing; stretching

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38
Q

ex/o

A

away from; external; outward

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39
Q

erect/o

A

to stand up

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40
Q

erg/o

A

activity; work

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41
Q

extra-

A

outside of

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42
Q

ecchym/o

A

blood in the tissues

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43
Q

erthemat/o

A

redness

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44
Q

esthes/o

A

sensation; feeling

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45
Q

-elasma

A

platelike structure

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46
Q

exud/o

A

oozing fluid

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47
Q

-ery

A

process of

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48
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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49
Q

excis/o

A

to cut out

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50
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical excision

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51
Q

foli/o

A

leaf

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52
Q

follicul/o

A

follicle (small sac)

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53
Q

fer/o

A

to bear

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54
Q

fiss/o

A

splitting

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55
Q

fung/o

A

fungus

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56
Q

gangrene/o

A

gangrene

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57
Q

-graft

A

tissue for implant or transplant

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58
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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59
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

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60
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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61
Q

hirsute/o

A

hairy

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62
Q

hypo-

A

below; deficient

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63
Q

integument/o

A

skin

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64
Q

integu/o

A

to cover

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65
Q

-itis

A

inflammation of; infection of

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66
Q

-ion

A

action; condition

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67
Q

icter/o

A

jaundice

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68
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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69
Q

-ia

A

condition; state; thing

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70
Q

-ile

A

pertaining to

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71
Q

-iasis

A

state of; process of

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72
Q

-iatic

A

pertaining to a state or process

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73
Q

-ism

A

process; disease from a specific cause

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74
Q

intra-

A

within

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75
Q

-ity

A

state; condition

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76
Q

incis/o

A

to cut into

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77
Q

kerat/o

A

cornea; hard, fibrous protein

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78
Q

kel/o

A

tumor

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79
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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80
Q

lun/o

A

moon

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81
Q

loc/o

A

in one place

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82
Q

lacer/o

A

a tearing

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83
Q

melan/o

A

black

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84
Q

malign/o

A

intentionally causing harm; cancer

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85
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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86
Q

micr/o

A

one millionth; small

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87
Q

necr/o

A

dead cells, tissues, or body

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88
Q

-oma

A

tumor; mass

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89
Q

-osis

A

condition; abnormal condition; process

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90
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

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91
Q

-oid

A

resembling

92
Q

onych/o-

A

nail (fingernail or toenail)

93
Q

-opsy

A

process of viewing

94
Q

pil/o

A

hair

95
Q

phylact/o

A

guarding; protecting

96
Q

-plasm

A

growth; formed substance

97
Q

prurit/o

A

itching

98
Q

pedicul/o

A

lice

99
Q

pre-

A

before; in front of

100
Q

papill/o

A

elevated structure

101
Q

plast/o

A

growth; formation

102
Q

poly-

A

many; much

103
Q

psor/o

A

itching

104
Q

-phyma

A

tumor; growth

105
Q

par-

A

beside

106
Q

-plasty

A

process of reshaping by surgery

107
Q

phot/o

A

light

108
Q

-rrhage

A

excessive flow or discharge

109
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

110
Q

-rrhea

A

flow; discharge

111
Q

rhytid/o

A

wrinkle

112
Q

-steroid

A

steroid

113
Q

sect/o

A

to cut

114
Q

surg/o

A

operative procedure

115
Q

sensitive/o

A

affected by; sensitive to

116
Q

schiz/o

A

split

117
Q

seb/o

A

sebum (oil)

118
Q

-sis

A

process; condition; abnormal condition

119
Q

scler/o

A

hard; sclera (white of the eye)

120
Q

sytem/o

A

the body as a whole

121
Q

sarc/o

A

connective tissue

122
Q

squam/o

A

scalelike cell

123
Q

syn-

A

together

124
Q

sen/o

A

old age

125
Q

sudor/i

A

sweat

126
Q

sebace/o

A

sebum (oil)

127
Q

spir/o

A

breathe; a coil

128
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

129
Q

trich/o

A

hair

130
Q

-tome

A

instrument used to cut; area with distinct edges

131
Q

topic/o

A

a specific area

132
Q

trans-

A

across; through

133
Q

-ure

A

system; result of

134
Q

ungu/o

A

nail (fingernail or toenail)

135
Q

vas/o

A

blood vessel; vas deferens

136
Q

vesic/o

A

bladder; fluid filled sac

137
Q

vesicul/o

A

bladder; fluid filled sac

138
Q

vir/o

A

virus

139
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

140
Q

xer/o

A

dry

141
Q

Dermis

A

Layer of skin under the epidermis.

142
Q

Collagen

A

Firm, white protein connectove prtein fibers throught the dermis.

143
Q

Elastin

A

Elastic, yellow protein fibers in the dermis.

144
Q

Epidermis

A

thin, outermost layer of the skin. The most superficial part consists of of dead cells filled w/ keratin.

145
Q

Keratin

A

Hard protein found in the cells of othe outermost part of the epidermis.

146
Q

Epithelium

A

Tissue category that includes the epidermis and all of its structures.

147
Q

Follickle

A

Site where hair is formed.

148
Q

Melanocytes

A

Pigment-containing cell in the epidermis that producues melanin.

149
Q

Melanin

A

Dark brown or black pigemen that gives color to the skin and hair.

150
Q

Adipose tissue

A

Contains lipocytes.

151
Q

Lipocytes

A

Cells that store fat.

152
Q

Dermatolgy

A

The study of skin and its related structures.

153
Q

Basal Layer

A

Deepest part of the epidermis and its compiosed of living cells that arre constantly dividing and being forced to the surface

154
Q

Integument

A

The skin, hair, and nails.

155
Q

Process of exfoliatiion

A

Normal process of the constant shedding of dead skin cells from the most superficial part of the epidermis.

156
Q

Sebaceous glands (oil glands)

A

Exocrine glands that secrete sebum through a duct.

157
Q

Sebum

A

Consists of oil that coats and potects the hair shaft to keep it from becoming brittle.

158
Q

Nail bed

A

Layer of living tissue beneath the nail plate.

159
Q

Lunula

A

Whitish half-mon taht is under the proximal portion of the nail plate.

160
Q

Subcutaneous tissue

A

Loose, conective tissue directly beneath the dermis and it’s composed of adipose tissue tthat contain lipocytes that store fat.

161
Q

Allergy

A

Hypersensitivity response to certaain types of antigens known as allergens.

162
Q

Allergen

A

Cells from plants or animals (foods, pollens, molds, animal dander), as well as dust , chemicals and drugs that cause an allergic reaction in a hypersensitive person.

163
Q

Histamine

A

Constricts the bronchioles, dilates the blood vessels thought the body, and causes hives on the skin.

164
Q

Local reaction

A

Allergic reaction that takes place on atea of the skin tha was exposed to an allergen.

165
Q

Systemic reaction

A

Allergic reaction that takes place throughout the body in a hypersensitive person after contact with an allergen that ingested, inhaled, or injected.

166
Q

Anaphylaxis (anaphylatic) shock

A

Sever systemic allergic reaction characterized by respiratory distress, hypotension, and shock.

167
Q

Dermatitis

A

Any disease condition that includes inflammation or infection of the skin.

168
Q

Edema

A

Excessive amounts of fluid move from the blood into the dermis or subcutaneous tissue and cause swelling.

169
Q

Lesion

A

Any area of visible damage on the skin, whether it is from disease of injury.

170
Q

Fissure

A

Small, crack-like crevice has some fluid exudate ex: dry, chapped skin.

171
Q

Macule

A

Flat circle ex: freckle, age spot.

172
Q

Papule

A

Elevated and it’s solid ex: acne pimple.

173
Q

Pustule

A

Elevated and has pus ex: acne whitehead.

174
Q

Vesicle

A

Elevated with pointed top and has clear fluid ex: herpes, chicken pox.

175
Q

Wheal

A

Elevated with broad flat top and also has clear fluid ex: insect bite, urticaria.

176
Q

Neoplasm

A

Any benign or malignant new growth that occurs on or in the skin.

177
Q

Pruritus

A

Itching.

178
Q

Xeroderma

A

Excessive dryness of the skin which can be caused by aging, cold weather with low humidity, vitamin A deficiency, or dehydration.

179
Q

Cyanosis

A

bluish-purple discoloration of the skin and nails due to a decreased level of oxygen in the blood.

180
Q

Erythema

A

Reddish discoloration of skin. It can be confine to one area of local inflammation or infection or it xan affect large areas of the skin surgace as in sunburn.

181
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and whites of the eyes which is associated with liver disease.

182
Q

Necrosis

A

Gray-to-black discoloration of the skin in areas where the tissue has died.

183
Q

1st degree burn

A

Involves only the epidermis and causes erythema (reddish discoloration of the skin), pain, and swelling.

184
Q

2nd degree burn

A

Involves the epidermis and the upper part of the dermis and causes erythema (reddish discoloration of the skin), pain, and swelling. There are small blisters or larger blisters (bullae).

185
Q

3rd degree burn

A

Involves the epidermis and entire dermis, and sometimes the subcutaneous tissue and muscle layer beneath. There area is black where the skin is charred.

186
Q

Cicatrix (scar)

A

Fibrous tissue composed of collagen that forms as an injury heals.

187
Q

Keloid

A

Very firm, abnormally large scar that is bigger then the original injury. It is caused by an overproduction of collagen.

188
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Constant pressure to a particular area of the skin restricts the blood flow to the those tissues.

189
Q

Exoriation

A

Superficial injury with a sharp object such as a fingernail or thorn that creates a linear scratch in the skin.

190
Q

Cellulitis

A

Spreading inflammation and infection of the connective tissues of skin and muscle.

191
Q

Tinea

A

Skin infection caused by a fungus that feeds on epidermal cells.

192
Q

Verruca

A

Irregular, rough skin lesion caused by the human papillomavirus.

193
Q

Scabies

A

Infestation of parasitic mites that tunnel under the skin and produce vesicles that are itchy.

194
Q

Pediculosis

A

Infestation of lice and their eggs (nits) in the scalp, hair, eyelashes, or pubic hair.

195
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

Local reaction to physical contact with a substance that is an allergen or an irritant.

196
Q

Urticaria

A

Condition of raised areas of redness and edema that appear suddenly and may also disappear rapidly (hive).

197
Q

Hemangioma

A

Congenital growth composed of a mass of superficial and dilated blood vessels.

198
Q

Lipoma

A

Benign growth of adipose tissue from the subcutaneous layer. It is soft, rounded, nontender fatty elevation in the skin.

199
Q

Nevus

A

Benign skin lesions that is present at birth and comes in a variety of colors and shapes (birthmark).

200
Q

Papilloma

A

Small, soft, flesh-colored growth of epidermis and dermis that protrudes outwardly.

201
Q

Syndactyly

A

Congenital abnormality in which the skin and soft tissues are joined between the fingers or toes.

202
Q

Xanthoma

A

Benign growth that is a yellow nodule or plaque on the hands, elbows, knees, or feet. It is seen in pts who have a high level of lipids in the blood or have diabetes mellitus.

203
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Skin cancer that begins in the basal layer of the epidermis. It is the most common type of skin cancer. It often appears as a raised, pearly bump.

204
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Skin cancer that begins in melanocytes in the epidermis. It grows quickly and metastasizes to other parts of the body.

205
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Skin cancer that begins in the flat squamous cells of the superficial layer of the epidermis. It most often appears as a red bump or ulcer. It is the second common type of skin cancer.

206
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

Skin cancer that begins in connective

207
Q

Psoriasis

A

Autoimmune disorder that produces an excessive number of epidermal cells/

208
Q

Scleroderma

A

Autouimmune disorder with deterioration of collagen in the skin and connective tissues. There is joint pain, sensitivity to sunlight, and fatigue.

209
Q

Acne vulgaris

A

During puberty, the sebaceous glands produce large amounts of sebum, particularly of the forehead, nose, chin, shoulder, and back.

210
Q

Acne rosacea

A

Chronic skin condition of the face in middle aged-patients. There is blotch erythema, dilated superficial blood vessels, papules, and edema that is made worse by heat, cold, stress, emotions, certain foods, alcoholic beverages, and sunlight.

211
Q

Seborrhea (craddle crap, eczema)

A

Overproduction of sebum, particularly on the face and scalp, that occurs at a time other than puberty.

212
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Congenital absence of the sweat glands and inablity to tolerate heat.

213
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Profuse sweating. It is caused by myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, or withdrawal, from narcotic drugs.

214
Q

Alopecia

A

Acute or chronic loss of scalp hair. Acute can be caused by chemotherapy drugs that attack rapidly dividing cancer cells, but also affect hair loss.

215
Q

Clubbing

A

Abnormally curved fingernails and stunted growth of the finger associated with a chronic lack of oxygen in patients with cystic fibrosis.

216
Q

Tzanck test

A

A skin scraping is done to obtain fluid from a vesicle. A smear of the fluid is placed on a slide, stained, and examined under a microscope.

217
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Procedure in which a liquid containing collagen is injected into wrinkles or acne scars.

218
Q

Debridment

A

Procedure in which necrotic tissue is debrided (removed) from a burn, wound, or ulcer. this done to prevent infection from developing, to assess the extent or depth of a wound, or to create a clean, raw surface that is ready to heal or receive a skin graft.

219
Q

Incision and drainage (I & D)

A

Procedure to treat a cyst or abscess.

220
Q

Chemical peel

A

Removal of superficial and deep acne scars, fine or deep wrinkles, or tattoos, or the correction of large pores and skin tone irregularities y means of topical chemicals, abrasion, or laser treatments.

221
Q

Curettage

A

Procedure to scrape off a superficial skin lesion.

222
Q

Moh’s surgery

A

Procedure to remove skin cancer, particularly tumors with irregular shapes and depths.

223
Q

Autograft

A

Skin graft that is taken from another part of the patient’s own body.

224
Q

Allograft

A

Skin graft that is taken from a cadaver

225
Q

Xenograft

A

Skin graft of just the dermis that is taken from an animal.

226
Q

Antiviral drugs

A

Treat herpes simplex virus infections.

227
Q

Psorlalen drugs

A

Treat psoriasis.

Medical (8 decks)

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