Dermatology Flashcards by Jacqueline Gyamfi

Baby presenting with high pitched cry, stiff or floppy unresponsive body and bulging soft spot on the top of their heads.

Meningitis

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If a rash does not fade under a glass… what could it be a sign of

Meningitis
If rash doesn’t fade: sign of sepsis.

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Baby presenting with high pitched cry, stiff or floppy unresponsive body and bulging soft spot on the top of their heads.

Meningitis

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The sores or blisters quickly burst and often leave crusty, golden-brown patches

Impetigo

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Treatment for impetigo if it is in one area

Hydrogen peroxide

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Treatment for impetigo if it is in more than one area

fusidic acid 2% TDS for 5 days
or mupirocin 2% TDS for 5 days if resistant.

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Treatment of impetigo if is bullous: In normal, penicillin allergy and pregnant women (how long)

Duration: 5 days
Flucloxacillin 500mg QDS
Clarithromycin 250 mg BD
Erythromycin 250-500 mg QDS

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Can people with impetigo attend a setting

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Cause of non-bullous impetigo

S.aureus and S.pyogens

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Psoriasis

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Patient presents with flaky, crusty patches of skin covered with silvery scales on lower back.

Psoriasis

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Lyme’s Disease

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Lymes disease

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A rash that can appear 3 months after getten bitten and is circular or oval in shape

Lymes disease

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Treatment of lymes disease in children over the age 12, pregnant women + doses

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Measles

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A rash that appears around 2 to 4 days after initial symptoms of runny nose, small greyish white spots in mouth and loss of appeitite

Measles

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Pathogen that causes Lymes Disease

Borrelia burgdorferis

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Patient comes back from south america and 10-14 days later experiences persistent high temperature that gradually increases each day
headache
general aches and pains
extreme tiredness (fatigue)
cough
constipation

Typhus

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How do you prevent the spread of measles?
A. Stay away from school for at least 2 days.
B. Stay away from school for at 4 days
C. Eat with family

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chicken pox

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Patient presenting with mild flu like symptoms before rash appearing ANYWHERE on the body (in this case back)

chicken pox now blisters

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Chicken pox now blisters

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Chicken pox Blisters now scabs

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Rash appearing 12 to 48 hours later. Rash makes one skin feel rough like sandpaper

Scarlet fever

Sore throat, swollen gland with rash appearing 12 to 48 hours later on chest and tummy FIRST rash is like sandpaper

Scarlet fever

Rash accompanied with strawberry tongue

Scarlet fever

TRUE OR FALSE: You can spread scarlet fever to other people until 24 hours after taking the first dose of antibitoics

False

Causative pathogen for scarlet fever

Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A)

What species causes whooping cough and if left untreated how long is it infectious for?

21 days infectivity

First line antibiotic for whooping cough in child aged 6 months. A. Clarithromycin B. Azithromycin C. Erthromycin D. Co-trimoxazole

First line antibiotic for whooping cough in child aged 1 years. A. Clarithromycin B. Azithromycin C. Erthromycin D. Co-trimoxazole

B or A can be used

First line antibiotic for whooping cough in pregnant women. A. Clarithromycin B. Azithromycin C. Erthromycin D. Co-trimoxazole

Second line antibiotic for whooping cough in child aged 6 months. A. Clarithromycin B. Azithromycin C. Erthromycin D. Co-trimoxazole

D Co-trimoxazole is second line

Causative pathogen for chicken pox

Varicella-zoster virus

How long can people with chicken pox remain infectious for

Hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by what pathogen

Coxsackie virus

HFM 7-10 days;self limiting

Mouth ulcer on 4 year old

HFM

Shingles

Appeared on one side of the body becoming yellowish in colour

Shingles- rash can be on trunk but not passing the midline

Shingles

Causative pathogen of shingles

Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the virus which causes chicken pox.

Patient experience abnormal skin sensation followed by a unilateral vesicular rash in affected dermatome

Shingles

Is scabies contagious

yes

Intense itching in between fingers

Scabies usually are common between the fingers.

Intense itching in between fingers. And spread to the whole body except head and neck.

Scabies

Treatment for scabies

Permethrin 5% cream. Itchin may continue 4 weeks after treatment.

patient comes in with new burrows since treatment of scabies and itching. What should be done

re-treatment

treatment for post-scabietic itch

crotamiton

rash is scaly dry and swollen

Ringworm

Ringworm: Ciccular in appearance

no other symptoms

Ringworm

initial management of ringworm

Over 12 years Terbinafine : OD or BD for 1-2 weeks or an imidazole: Clotrimazole

athlete foot

Treatment for athlete foot

Terbinafine 1% 1 week

cause and treatment

nappy rash treatment: barrier cream >2 months old

Runny nose, headache. Rash travelled to chest and stomach

Slapped cheek

Hives

Round or ovoid, shallow ulcers that are confined to the mouth and are not associated with systemic disease.

Aphthous ulcer

First sign was a group of small spots or bumps on the skin. Patient history: Hayfever

Discoid eczema

small painless bumps

Keratosis pilaris

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

only symptom is spot

Molluscum Contagiosum

Molluscum Contagiosum Molluscum contagiosum, also called water warts, is a benign condition of the skin. The skin lesions of molluscum contagiosum are called mollusca. The typical lesion appears dome-shaped, round, and pinkish-purple in color. The incubation period ranges from two weeks to six months. Molluscum contagiosum virus infects only keratinocytes, and skin lesions are limited to the epidermis and do not have systemic dissemination. Molluscum contagiosum virus produces proteins inhibiting human antiviral immunity, thus preventing the development of innate immunity response, and contributing to the persistence of skin lesions

is Molluscum Contagiosum contagious?

Yes

Miss S’s mother would like to know if she should take her daughter to see the GP. Her daughter presents with mouth hand foot disease. What is the most appropriate advice to give to Miss S’s mother? A She must make an urgent appointment to see the GP today B She does not need to take her daughter to see the GP C She should make an appointment to see the GP if the symptoms have not resolved in 10 days D She should make an appointment to see the GP if the symptoms have not resolved in 5 days E She should make an appointment to see the GP so that she can obtain a prescription for antibiotics

12. What is the most likely diagnosis for this child? A Contact dermatitis B Hand, foot and mouth disease C Meningitis D Psoriasis E Urticaria

Patient presents with with rash that is itchy and lives in a residential home what could of caused this

Scabies

First line treatment for scabies

Treating the affected person and all household members, close contacts, and sexual contacts with a topical insecticide (permethrin 5% cream), even in the absence of symptoms.

Licensed age for pemethrin use

>2 months+

12) Taylor is a 9-year-old girl, who is suffering from a 3-day history of a high fever, and a marked rash over her trunk. The mother also described Taylor as having little white spots on the inside of her mouth. Which of the following is Taylor most likely to be suffering from? a) Mumps b) Rubella c) Scarlett Fever d) Measles e) Chicken pox

A. Measles ## Footnote https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OiwyuEG8M4w https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448068/

What is exculsion period, symptoms and treatment for the following conditions: Chicken pox Measles Whooping Cough Slapped cheek Scarlet fever Rubella Meningitis Impetigo

Scarlett fever- First line Phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days followed by Clarithromycin (0-6 months) or Azithromycin (6 month-17 years) Whooping cough: 1st line Macrolide Clarithromycin (<1 month). Azithromycin- >1 years. Measles- referral Slapped cheek syndrome- no treatment Rueblla/Measles- no treatment Slapped cheek syndrome-No treatment ## Footnote https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/scarlet-fever/management/management/

Causative agent nappy rash Treatment for nappy rash if it is inflammed Treatment for nappy rash if it becomes infected

candida albicans Hydrocortisone 1% cream in addition to the barrier preparation.A thin layer of topical corticosteroid should be applied once a day until symptoms settle or for a maximum of 7 days. Prescribe flucloxacillin solution for 7 days

First line and second line treatment for headlice

Dimeticone 4% 8 hourly Malathion 12 hourly

Threadworms first line and age licensing.

Mebendazole 100mg 1 dose, then if reinfection occurs after 2 second dose. >2 years above.

Oral thrush treatment in babies over 4 months

OTC Miconazole 2.5 mL QDS should be continued for at least 7 days after lesions have healed. thrush in children should be referred.

Fungal nail infection (onychomycosis) treatment requirement and

Amoliferene 5% OTC 2 infected nails. 6 months: fingernails 9-12 months: toe nails

First line and second line prophylactic agent for bites

First line and second line for bites infected

Warts

The image shows a classic presentation of a verruca. Verrucae are also known as plantar wartsand usually appear on the sole of the feet. They often have central dark dots (thrombosed capillaries) and may be painful

Treatment for

Clotrimazole: Ringworm

A 5-years-old boy, presents with exanthema behind the ears which spread to the face and later to the trunks and extremities and after three days, it begins to fade.Select one :A.Chickenpox B.Colic C.Conjunctivitis D.Cradle cap E.Croup F.Hand foot and mouth disease G.Meningitis H.Rubella

h Rubella rash tends to start behind ears and on face before spreading to the rest of the body.