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GEN PEDS > DERMATOLOGY > Flashcards

DERMATOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Multiple vesicular and vesicopustular lesions, some of which are crusted

What is this? Causal organism? Treatment?

A

Eczema herpeticum

HSV

Acyclovir

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2
Q

Dry, plate-like (“fish-like”) scales over extensor surfaces of extremities

What is this? Finding on hand? Treatment?

A

Ichthyosis vulgaris

Hand finding = accentuated palmar and plantar markings

Treatment = moisturizing cream

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3
Q

Multiple small, oval, scaling, pinkish papules over trunk, neck

What is this? Cause? Treatment?

A

Pityriasis rosea

Possible viral causes inflammation

Self-resolve

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4
Q

Prepubertal girl with dysuria, serous vaginal discharge, sharply-dermacated intense erythema of the vulvar area.

What is going on? Causal organism

A

Vaginitis caused by Strep pyogenes (Group A strep)

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5
Q

4-week-old girl with new crops of inflammatory vesicles and pustules distributed in a swirling pattern on trunk down to extremities.

What is going on? Cause?

A

Incontinentia pigmenti (1st phase)

An X-linked dominant genetic disorder

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6
Q

What is characteristic finding on CBC in incontinentia pigmenti?

A

Eosinophilia

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7
Q

Black newborn with multiple superificial pustule, also with slightly hyperpigmented, scaly macules. Pustular smea shows numerous neutrophils

What is going on? Treatment?

A

Transient neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM)

Benign - self-resolve

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8
Q

What are cutaneous side effects of topical steroid? (3)

A

1 - Atrophy
2 - Telangiectasia
3 - Hypopigmentation

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9
Q

Antibiotics that can cause sunburn

A

Doxycycline

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10
Q

Infant with sharply-dermacated cutaneous defect on scalp, not associated with delivery or monitor instruments

What is going on ? Cause? Treatment?

A

Aplasia cutis congenita

Failure of ectodermal fusion -> focal absence of epidermis / dermis

Conservative observation

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11
Q

Multinucleated cells on Tzanck smear

What is going on?

A

Herpes infection

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12
Q

Pruritic, multiple deep-seated inflamed vesicles on palms and lateral aspects of fingers

What is this condition? What is it most often associated with?

A

Dyshidrotic eczema

Associated with excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis)

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13
Q

What is the most common sign of essential fatty acid deficiency

A

Eczematous dermatitis
(diffuse scaly rash on most skin surfaces)

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14
Q

Multiple erythematous and inflamed follicular, papular, and pustular lesion on back and upper outer arms

What is the condition? Treatment for mild vs more severe?

A

Keratosis pilaris

Mild - treatment with moisturizing cream (lactic acid, urea, or glycolic acid)
More severe - low potency steroid

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15
Q

Symmetric slightly edematous and erythematous papules symmetrically distributed on face, buttons, and extensor surface after viral infection

What is it?

A

Papular acrodermatitis

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16
Q

What labs need to be taken in patient starting isotretinoin therapy?

A

1 - Pregnancy test (female)
2 - Serum triglycerides and cholesterol

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17
Q

New reddish brown macules and papules that appear AFTER varicella starts crusting over.

What is going on ? Treatment?

A

PLEVA
(can associated with varicella - cause unknown)

treat with oral erythromycin (or tetracycline)

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18
Q

What differentiates tinea pedis from juvenile plantar dermatosis?

A

Tinea pedis involves the webspaces (intertriginous area)

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19
Q

Which condition is associated with alopecia areata?

A

Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

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19
Q

Which condition is associated with alopecia areata?

A

Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

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20
Q

Scaly papules and thick whitish plaques with crust-like scales in an immunocompromised patient

What is going on ? How to diagnose? Treatment?

A

Crusted scabies
Diagnosed by mineral oil exam of skin scrapings

Treatment = permethrin cream

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21
Q

What is the most common cause of congenital heart block?
What is the associated skin finding?

A

Neonatal lupus erythematosus

  • sharply dermacated annular scaling plaques on cheeks and periocular areas
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22
Q

What differentiate TEN from Stevens-Johnson (SJS)?

A

Epidermal detachment > 30% in TEN

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23
Q

Slightly raised lesions with an umbilicated center?

What is it?

A

Molluscum contagiosum

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24
Q

This rash is noted (prominent raised borders, appear to be made up of small papules and nodules)

What are 2 possibilities ? How to tell them apart?

A

Granuloma annulare (smooth, non-scaly) vs. Tinea (scaly)

25
Q

Ataxia, brain atrophy, recurring infections

What is going on? What is another typical finding?

A

Ataxia telangiectasia

Another typical finding is ocular telangiectasia

26
Q

Prepubertal girl with atrophic, parchment-like skin around vuvla, with some subcutaneous hemorrhages extending into the perianal area

What is the diagnosis? What is the treatment?

A

Lichen sclerosus

Topical steroids

27
Q

Multiple discrete, 2-8mm in diameter, “drop-like” papules with a pinkish hue; some are fine, scaly

What is the diagnosis? What is associated with?

A

Guttate psoriasis

Recent streptococcal infection

28
Q

Painful ulcerative, tender papulopustule over lower extremities in a child with a chronic disease

What is the diagnosis? What is it associated it?

A

Pyoderma gangrenosum

29
Q

Significant mucositis (difficulty swallowing, chapped lips, oral mucosal erosions), markedly injected conjunctivae, few papulovesicles on skin

What is the diagnosis? Treatment?

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM)

Supportive care

30
Q

Angiomyolipomas of kidneys and liver, seizures, cysts in hands

What is the diagnosis?

A

Tuberous sclerosis

31
Q

What is this ? What is it associated with ?

A

Ash-leaf spot

Tuberous sclerosis (ash-leaf spot is the earliest skin finding)

32
Q

What are these?
What is it associated with? (3 main conditions)

A

Cafe-au-lait spots

1 - NF1
2 - McCune-Albright
3 - Fanconi anemia

33
Q

How to distinguish cafe-au-lait spots from Becker nevus?

A

Becker nevus has hairs !!

34
Q

What is this ? Treatment?

A

Becker nevus

Benign. Might want cosmetic treatment

35
Q

This develops 24-48 hours after hot tub

What is it? Treatment?

A

Pseudomonas folliculitis

Symptomatic treatment (lesions should resolve 1-2 weeks)

36
Q

Recurring facial redness, with papulopustular component, often triggered by temperature changes, exercise, sun exposure or emotion.

What is the diagnosis? What causes it? Treatment?

A

Rosacea

Unknown cause

Topical metronidazole (if there is a papulopustular component)
Avoid triggers, avoid spicy food

37
Q

Flaccid bullae that rupture and leave shallow, crusted erosions

What is it? Cause ?

A

Bullous impetigo

Staph aureus

38
Q

KOH scrapping show hyphae and spores with a “spaghetti and meatballs” pattern.

What is the skin lesion? Causal organism?

A

Tinea versicolor

Malassezia species

39
Q

Intensely pruritic, grouped papules and vesicles symmetrically distrbuted over extensor surfaces of knees and elbows.

What are these? What is it associated with?

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

(“grouped” = “herpetiform”)

Celiac disease

40
Q

Erythema nodosum, aphthous ulcer, and uveitis.

What is the diagnosis?

A

Behcet disease

41
Q

What is the work up for infantile acne that appears after 4 weeks of age

A

Evaluating for an androgen-producing condition (tumor or hyperplastic of adrenal gland)

Consider measure 17-hydroxyprogesterone level

42
Q

Recurring seizures, left hemispheric atrophy, leptomeningeal angioma

What is the condition? What is the typical skin finding?

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome

Cutaneous port-wine stain involving 1st or 2nd divisions of the trigeminal nerve

43
Q

What is the condition usually associated with porphyria cutanea tarda?

A

Hepatitis C

44
Q

Erythematous edematous papules symmetrically distributed over face, buttocks and extensor surfaces of extremities

What is this? What is it associated with?

A

Papular acrodermatitis

Associated with Hepatitis B

45
Q

Dry, hacking cough, with noncaseating granuloma

What is the diagnosis? What is a skin finding that indicates a good prognosis?

A

Sarcoidosis

Erythema nodosum

46
Q

What is the cause of erythema nodosum?

A

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat

47
Q

3-week of asymptomatic narrow curvilinear collection of small hypopigmented, slightly scaly flattened papules

What is this? Management?

A

Lichen striatus

Reassurance (resolves over several months)

48
Q

New intensely pruritic small papules and scaly patches from head-neck spread to trunk and extremities, a few days after diagnosed with tinea capitis

What is going on? Treatment?

A

Dermatiophytid reaction

Add topical steroid (do NOT stop antifungal treatment)

49
Q

New intensely pruritic small papules and scaly patches from head-neck spread to trunk and extremities, a few days after diagnosed with tinea capitis

What is going on? Treatment?

A

Dermatiophytid reaction

Add topical steroid (do NOT stop antifungal treatment)

50
Q

What are components of PHACE syndrome? (5)

A

1 - Posterior fossa abnormalities
2 - Hemangioma (segmental)
3 - Arterial anomalies
4 - Cardiac anomalies
5 - Eye anomalies

51
Q

Transmission mode of head lice

A

“Head-to-head” contact with hair of infected individual

52
Q

Erythematous, scaling patches where hair has broken away flush with scalp causing “black dot” appearance.

What is this? Treatment?

A

Tinea capitis
(aka ringworm of the scalp)

Tx: oral griseofulvin

53
Q

Large, very tender boggy nodule found on scalp of a patient with tinea capitis

What is this called? Treatment?

A

Kerion
(due to vigorous immune response to the dermatophyte)

Tx: oral griseofulvin

54
Q

How to differentiate SSSS vs TEN/SJS

A

TEN/SJS cause full-thickness epidermal detachment (sloughing)
SSSS - cause intraepidermal sloughing as opposed to full-thickness

55
Q

Target-like lesion on skin + erosion and crusting of oral mucosa

What is it?

A

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)

56
Q

Conjunctivitis, arthritis and urethritis.

What is the condition? What is a penile skin finding?

A

Reactive arthritis

Circinate (gyrate) balanitis - inflammed hyperkeratotic whitish plaques that spread centrifugally on glans penis

57
Q

Inflammed hyperkeratotic whitish plaques that spread centrifugally on glans penis

What is it? What is the underlying condition?

A

Circinate balanitis

Reactive arthritis

58
Q

Large patch of bluish-gray, speckled, and irregular coalescing macules over left forehead and left periorbital area since birth, but also noted on left buccal and nasal mucosa.

What is this? What is a long term complication?

A

Nevus of Ota

Long term complication = glaucoma

59
Q

Smooth (“glazed”) erythema and fine scaling of the toes and distal soles, sparing interdigital webs

What is it?

A

Juvenile plantar dermatosis

GEN PEDS (16 decks)

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