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Station 5 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Exacerbating factors in psoriasis?

A

Stress, alcohol, smoking, b-blockers

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2
Q

How would you describe the appearance of a psoriatic plaque?

A

well demarcated scaly patches on extensor surfaces

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3
Q

Where should you look specifically for psoriasis? (4)

A 
Extensors 
Behind ears 
Scalp 
Umbilicus
Sites of trauma (Koebner phenomenon)
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4
Q

What are the forms of psoriatic arthritis? (5)

A 
DIPJ involvement (like OA) 
Large joint mono/oligoarthritis 
Seronegative arthritis (similar to RA) 
Sacroilitis (like Ank spOnd)
Arthritis mutilans
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5
Q

Life threatening complication of psoriasis?

A

Erythroderma

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6
Q

Treatment options for psoriasis?

A

Emollient
Calcipotriol
Coal tar

Phototherapy

Cytotoxics i.e. methotrexate and cyclosporin
Anti-TNF (adilimumab)

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7
Q

How would you describe an eczema rash?

A

Erythematous and lichenified patches of skin on predominantly flexor aspects. Commonly very itchy.

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8
Q

What investigations would you consider in eczema?

A

Patch testing for allergies

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9
Q

Treatment options for eczema?

A 
Topical emollients 
Topical steroids 
Tacrolimus (topical) 
Antihistamines for pruritis 
Systemic therapy with steroids
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10
Q

How would you easily distinguish between arterial and venous leg ulcers?

A

Arterial are painful, typically extremities and pressure points with signs of PVD.
Venous usually gaiter area of the leg. May be stigmata of chronic venous changes- lipodermatosclerosis, varicose eczema, varicose veins.

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11
Q

What investigations might you consider in a patient with an ulcer?

A

USS doppler and calculate ABPI.

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12
Q

How would you manage venous vs arterial ulcer?

A

Venous- compression bandaging and regular input from specialist nurses.
Arterial- revascularisation/amputation/angioplasty.

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13
Q

How would you describe the rash of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum?

A

Well demarcated plaques with waxy yellow centre and red-brown edges. (90% female)

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14
Q

Where would you look for skin complications of diabetes?

A

Shins
Feet
Abdomen or thigh (lipoatrophy)
Chest for vitiligo

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15
Q

How would you treat necrobiosis lipodica diabeticorum?

A

Topical steroid and support bandages (not affected by glycaemia control)

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16
Q

Give 4 causes of erythema nodosum?

A 
Sarcoidosis 
COCP
IBD 
TB 
Streptococcal throat infection 
Pregnancy
17
Q

Definition of psoriasis?

A

Epidermal hyper proliferation and accumulation of inflammatory cells.

18
Q

What is lupus pernio?

A

Diffuse bluish/brown plaque with central small papules commonly affecting the nose. Associated with sarcoidosis.

19
Q

Typical triad of HSP?

A

Purpuric rash of buttocks, thigh and legs
Arthritis
Abdo pain

20
Q

What precipitates HSP?

A

Antibiotics
Streptococcal infection
HSV
Parvovirus

21
Q

Treatment of HSP?

A

Usually recover without treatment but can use steroids for recovery and painful arthralgia.

22
Q

Complications of HSP?

A

IgA nephropathy and HTN

23
Q

What would you ask in suspected skin cancer? (5)

A 
Rate of growth 
Recent changes or bleeding 
Sun exposed area 
Previous occupation
Immunosuppression (previous transplant)
24
Q

Describe appearance of BCC? b

A

Usually in sun exposed areas, pearly nodule with rolled edge and superficial telangiectasia.
Rarely metastasises.

25
Q

Describe SCC?

A

Sun exposed areas.
Varied appearance- keratitis, polypoid mass, cutaneous ulcer.
Metastasises in 5%.

26
Q

What is Bowens disease?

A

SCC in situ

27
Q

Appearance of Malignant melanoma?

A 
Associated with patients with hair skin, light hair, blue eyes. 
Asymmetrical
Border irregularity 
Colour (black- often irregular)
Diameter >6mm 
Enlarging.
28
Q

How is melanoma staged?

A

Breslow thickness

29
Q

Describe this dermatological lesion?

A

Macule- flat non palpable lesion

30
Q

Describe this dermatological lesion?

A

Papule- raised lesion which can be felt.

31
Q

Describe this dermatological lesion?

A

Vesicle- fluid filled blister <1cm

32
Q

Describe this dermatological lesion?

A

Bullae- fluid filled blisters >1cm

33
Q

Describe this dermatological lesion?

A

Urticaria- migratory, elevated, pruritic, reddish plaques caused by local dermal edema

34
Q

Describe this rash and its associations?

A

Livedo reticularis- associated with antiphospholipid syndrome and vasculitis

Station 5 (12 decks)

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