Dermatology Flashcards
How can allergic contact dermatitis be investigated?
Patch testing
How can seborrhoeic eczema be managed?
- Anti-yeast (ketoconazole)
- If severe then consider a HIV test
Describe how eczema can be managed
- Patient education
- Avoid causative/exacerbating factors
- Emollients
- Soap substitutes
- Intermittent topical steroids (hydrocortisone or betamethasone)
- Antihistamines or antimicrobials
- Calcineurin inhibitors (topical pimecrolimus and tacrolimus)
- UV light
- Immunosuppression
Name the immunosuppressive drugs that can be used to treat severe eczema
- Azathioprine
- Ciclosporin
- Mycophenolate mofetil
- Methotrexate
How does impetigo present?
- Staph aureus and strep pyogenes
- Macule/vesicle/pustule erosion with yellow crust
How is impetigo treated?
- Local wound care
- Topical antibiotics (fusidic acid)
- Flucloxacillin if severe
What is folliculitis and how is it treated?
- Infection of the hair follicle
- Staph aureus is most common
- Antibacterial washes and ointments
Which organisms most commonly cause cellulitis?
- Strep pyogenes
- Staph aureus
How is cellulitis treated?
- Oral or IV flucloxacillin
- Severe: vancomycin or doxycycline
How does shingles present and how is it treated?
- Dermatomal blistering and painful rash
- Aciclovir
How are viral warts treated?
- Salicyclic acid
- Cryotherapy
How does molluscum contagiosum present?
- Infants and young children
- Caused by poxvirus
- Pearly papules with waxy surface
How is molluscum contagiosum managed?
- Curettage
- Liquid nitrogen
- Chemovesicants
What is dermatophytose and what causes it?
- Ring worm
- Tinea family
How can candida infections be treated?
- Remove predisposing factors
- Topical or oral antifungals
How is scabies investigated?
- Skin scrapping
- Burrows
How is scabies managed?
- Antiscabietic topical treatment
- Oral medication in some cases
Name the initial management options for psoriasis
- Emollients
- Calcipotriol
- Tar creams
- Topical steroids
- Salicylic acid
- Dithranol
- Anthralin
- UVB phototherapy
- Acitretin
- Methotrexate
- Cyclosporin
- Biologics
How is erythrodermic psoriasis treated?
- Admission
- Fluid balance
- Bloods/IV access
- Thick greasy ointments
Which virus causes cutaneous warts?
HPV
How can cutaneous warts be treated?
- Topical salicylic acid
- Cryotherapy
How should necrotising fasciitis be managed?
- Early debridement/exploration
- IV flucloxacillin
- IV Benzylpenicillin
- IV Gentamicin
- IV clindamycin
