Dermatologic Conditions Flashcards
What is a lesion with unclear margins and dry flaky skin?
Eczema
Which type of condition is an itch that rashes and is IgE mediated?
atopic dermatitis
How is atopic dermatitis treated?
non-prescrition emollients
topical steroids
What is raw, red, dry skin caused by irritating substance?
irritant contact dermatitis
How is irritant contact dermatitis treated?
protect the skin:
gloves
zinc oxide
What are red vesicular lesions are Tcell mediated and usually seen with poison ivy, oak, and sumac?
allergic contact dermatitis
What can cause or worsen allergic contact dermatitis?
Benzocaine, neomycin, topical diphenhydramine (triple antibiotic cream)
How is allergic contact dermatitis treated?
topical/ oral steroid
How does xerosis present?
dry flaky skin
What are old skin cells in hair follicles that form a scaly, horny plug?
keratosis pilaris
What are yellow, greasy scales over eczematous lesion?
seborrheic dermatitis
How is seborrhea (dandruff) managed?
Selenium sulfide
Zinc pyrithione
What condition is silver/white scales that bleed if removed (T-cell and cytokine related)?
psoriasis
How do we treat psoriasis?
Refer
What are the ABCDEs of melanoma/ skin cancer?
Asymmetric
Boarder (irregular)
Color (multi-colored)
Diameter (more than 1/4 in)
Evolving
How do we treat melanoma?
Refer
How is cellulitis treated?
Vancomycin
Bactrim
Clindamycin
Doxycycline
Linezolid
Cefalexin
Daptomycin
What is a furuncle (boil- puss filled bump caused by infected hair follicles) local cellulitis surrounding?
carbuncle
How are carbuncles treated?
Refer- surgical drainage
What condition presents with red sores on the face, hands, and mouth usually in children?
Impetigo
How is impetigo treated?
Mupirocin cream
Oral Bactrim, Linezolid, Clindamycin
How are foot warts (verrucae) treated?
OTC freeze-off liquid nitrogen
How are herpes 1 cold sore treated?
Topical:
docosanol ABREVA
penciclovir DEVAVIR
How are herpes 2 genital sores treated?
Oral acyclovir, valcyclovir
What condition has linear lesions with vesicular eruptions preceded by pain and itching for days?
Herpes Zoster (shingles)
What are treatments for herpes zoster?
Valacyclovir
Lidocaine patches
How are fungal infections on the face, body, feet, and jock treated?
- Keep area dry
- Clomitrazole, Miconazole
What condition is red, shiny, have “satellite lesions” and appear in moist areas?
candida
How long can drug-induced skin reaction occur after D/C?
up to 2 weeks
What type of reaction is Type 1 IgE mediated allergic reactionwith raised areas that are extremely itchy?
hives
How long do hives last?
24-36 hours
What is treatment of hives?
antihistamines
systemic corticosteroids
How do angioneurotic edema and anaphylaxis present?
swelling around lips, face, tongue, and eyes due to hives occurring in deep layers of the skin
How are angioneurotic edema and anaphylaxis treated?
Epi-pen
steroids
How do T-lymphocyte mediated reactions present?
maculopapular or vesicular lesions on the trunk usually with target regions
What are severe forms of T-lymphocyte mediated reactions?
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
Toxic Epidermal Necrosis TENs)
How does SJS present?
vesicular and bullous lesions of the mucous membranes, mouth, and eyes
What drugs can induce SJS and TENs?
Allopurinol
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
Phenobarbital
Phenytoin
Nevirapine
Sulfa ABX
What is TENs?
same reaction of SJS impacted a larger portion of body; widespread necrosis resembling 3rd degree burn
What drugs can cause photosensitivity reactions?
Tetracyclines
Sulfonamides
Diuretics
Sulfonyl ureas
Are photosensitivity reactions immune mediated?
no
How are photosensitivity reactions treated?
prevent with sunscreen/ clothing
What is vancomycin flushing symdrome?
anaphylactoid reaction due to rapid infusion; non immune
What is the treatment for vancomycin flushing syndrome?
slow rate of infusion; no more than 1g/hour
