BP assessment

Question 1

What is a normal HR?

Answer 1

60-100 bpm

Question 2

What do diminished pulses suggest?

Answer 2

CHF
atherosclerosis

Question 3

What is systole?

Answer 3

ventricular conctraction

Question 4

What is diastole?

Answer 4

ventricular relaxation

Question 5

What is HTN?

Answer 5

> 120/80

Question 6

What is hypotension?

Answer 6

90/60

Question 7

What is HTN crisis?

Answer 7

systoliv >180 and or diastolic >120

Question 8

What is an elevated BP?

Answer 8

systolic 120-129 AND diastolic 80-89

Question 9

What is orthostatic hypotension?

Answer 9

decrease in BP by > 10-20 mmHG

Question 10

What are ways to reduce orthostatic hypotension?

Answer 10

1. stand up slow
2. drink water, low circulating volume
3. increase sodium

Question 11

What is pulsus alternans?

Answer 11

alternating strong and weak pulse

Question 12

What does pulsus alternans indicate?

Answer 12

CHF
long standing HTN

Question 13

What is a normal sound when percussing the chest wall on the left-most border of the heart?

Answer 13

dull

Question 14

What are outcomes of uncontrolled HTN?

Answer 14

1. MI
2. CVA
3. retinal damage
4. renal damage

Question 15

What are lifestyle modifications for HTN?

Answer 15

1. low sodium (2-3g/day)
2. high fiber (25-30 g/day)
3. low sugar
4. low saturated fat
5. DASH diet
6. stress reduction
7. exercise
8. moderate alcohol
9. avoid nicotine

Question 16

What are the 1st line meds for HTN?

Answer 16

ACEi
ARB
Thiazide
CCB

Question 17

What are the Korotkoff sounds?

Answer 17

S1- tapping
S2- squishing
S3- tapping
D4- muffling
D5 no sound (diastole)

Question 18

What is pulus paradoxus?

Answer 18

fall in systolic BP (>10mmHG) and pulse rate during inspiration

Question 19

What can pulus paradoxus be a sign of?

Answer 19

pericarditis
cardiac tamponade
severe lung disease
OR can happen is healthy patient

Question 20

How is BP effected by someone with an ausultory gap?

Answer 20

falsly high diastolic

Question 21

What are auscultory gap be a sign of?

Answer 21

pulmonary/cardiac disease OR
nomal

Question 22

What does an absense of the D5 sound (silence) indicate?

Answer 22

advaced atherosclerosis

Question 23

How is blood pressure taken when D5 sound absent?

Answer 23

D4 muffling becomes diastolic

Question 24

How does a cuff that is too big effect BP?

Answer 24

falsly low

Question 25

How does a cuff thats too small effect BP?

Answer 25

falsly high

Question 26

What arm is preffered for BP?

Answer 26

right

Question 27

How do you know how high to pump the cuff?

Answer 27

POP(pulse obliteration point) assessment:
1. palpate radial artery
2. inflate until cuff until you can’t feel pulse
3. inflate 30mmHG above POP