Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clin Med II > Derm Therapeutics > Flashcards

Derm Therapeutics Flashcards

1
Q

What acne treatments target follicular hyperkeritiniazation?

A

topical retinoids and isotretinoin
azeliac acid
salicylic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do you need to warn patients abour when using benzol peroxide?

A

bleaching of clothes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the strongest retinoid?

A

tazorac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What acne treatments target increased sebum production?

A

isotertinoin

hormonal therapies-ocp, aldactone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What acne treatments target P. acnes?

A

BPO
topical antimicrobials
oral abx-doxy or minocycline
azelaic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What acne treatments target inflammation?

A

isotretinoin
oral abx
topical retinoids
azelaic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are SE of actuate?

A

dry skin and lips and photosensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do you treat hyperpigmented skin?

A

hydroquinone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you treat atrophic scars?

A

laser resurfacing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you treat keloids or hypertrophic skin?

A

corticosteroid injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What topical vasoconstrictor meds can you use for redness of rosacea?

A

brimonidine and oxymetazoline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are possible treatments of rosacea?

A 
Metronidazole
Azelaic acid
Sulfacetamide
Acne meds
Retinoids
Topical/oral abx
Ivermectin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acne treatments

A

Isotretinoin (accutane)

Topical retinoids (tretinoin, adapalene, tazorac-strongest)

Oral abx limit for 3 mo (doxycycline, minocycline)

topical antimicrobials (clindamycin, benzol peroxide-bleaches clothes, sulfacetamide, dapsone)

Azeliac acid

Hormonal therapy (OCP, spironolactone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hidradenitis Suppurativa tx

A

Prevention-loose clothes, don’t pick, avoid dairy
Treat new lesions

Mild-clindamycin, punch surgery, kenalog inj, short course abx (doxy or minocycline)

Mod- above plus spironolactone

Severe-prednisone, Humiera (TNF α inhibitor), accutane, surgery

NO cure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Alopecia Areata tx

A

Intralesional corticosteroid inj (kenalog 2.5-5 mg/mL)
Topical steroids
Topical immunotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Telogen Effluvium tx

A

Treat underlying cause

Minoxidil (rogaine)

Self-limited (6-12 mo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Androgenic Alopecia in Men tx

A

Minoxidil (rogaine) ↑ anagen phase and enlarges miniaturized follicles takes 6-12 mo

Finasteride (propecia) ↓ scalp DHT-better results from younger age and longer time on drug

Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Androgenic Alopecia in Women tx

A

“Minoxidil (rogaine)
Spironolactone
Surgery”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Trichotillomania

A

Psych referral

Psychotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pityriasis (tinea) Versicolor tx

A 
Topicals
Selenium sulfide
Zinc pyrithione
Azole antifungals
Terbinafine
Ciclopirox

Orals
Itraconazole and fluconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tinea Capitis tx

A

Oral antifungals
Griseofulvin, terbinafine, fluconazole, itraconazole

Do not share hats, helmets or hair products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Tinea Corporis

ringworm tx

A

Topicals
azoles, allyamines, butenafine, ciclopirox, tolnsftate

Oral
terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Tinea Cruris

jock itch tx

A

Topicals
azoles, allyamines, butenafine, ciclopirox, tolnsftate

Oral
terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin

OTC zeasorb powder and avoid tight clothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tinea Pedis

athletes foot tx

A

Topicals
azoles, allyamines, butenafine, ciclopirox, tolnsftate

Oral
terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Onychomycosis tx

A

Topical-can take a year
efinazonazole, amorolfine, tavaborle, ciclopirox

Oral-can take 3 mo
terbinafine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Candidiasis tx

A

Topical clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin

Oral fluconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

MRSA oral therapy

A

Trimethoprim- Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS)
Doxycycline
Clindamycin
Linezolid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

MRSA IV therapy

A

Clindamycin
Linezolid
Vancomycin
Daptomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Treatment for recurrent erythema multiforme

A

oral acyclovir or valtrex MC

Other: dapsone, antimalarials, azathioprine, cyclosporine, thalidomide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Describe ointments

A

consist primarily of water suspended in oil
strongest moisturizer
best for dry, non-hairy skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Describe creams

A

mix of water in oil
less potent than ointments
easy to wash off
contain preservatives which can cause SE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Describe Gels

A

oil in water with alcohol
drying effect
transparent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Describe lotions

A

powder in water-must shake first, may also contain alcohol
good for large surface area and hairy area
cooling effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What class is hydrocortisone in?

A

Class 7-least potent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What class is betametasone dipropinate G, O, L, clobetasol and diflorasone diacetate in?

A

Class 1-super potent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What steroid class is safest for LT use?

A

Class 6 and 7 for 1-2 wk intervals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What steroid class is most appropriate for non-facial and intertriginous areas with mild to mod disease?

A

Class 2-5 for <6-8 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What steroid class is best for thick skinned areas and hyperkeratotic lesions?

A

class 1 for < 3 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the most common side effect of steroids?

A

skin atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What are adverse effects of kenalog injections?

A

local txn, systemic absorption, atrophy, hypopigmentation, telangiectasias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Tx for Seborrheic Dermatitis

A

corticosteroids, selenium sulfide 2.5% shampoo

42
Q

Folliculitis tx

A

Mupirocin Ointment TID (covers MRSA*) Altabax BID
Clindamycin Gel or lotion BID

Keflex q6h Dicloxacillin 250-500mg q6h Augmentin 500-875mg q12h
Bactrim DS* q12h
Doxycycline* 100mg q12h
Clindamycin* 300-450mg q6h

Gram neg: Cipro 250-750 BID Bactrim DS * BID

43
Q

Tx for Impetigo

A

Mupirocin (bactroban) ointment TID x 10 d

Keflex 250-500 q6h Dicloxacillin 250-500 q6h
Augmentin 500-875 q12h

44
Q

Erysipelas tx

A

Oral
Penicillin 500 q6h Amoxicillin 500 q8h Keflex 250-500 q6h
IV
Cefazolin (Ancef) Ceftriazone (Rocephin)

45
Q

Cellulitis tx

A

Keflex 250-500mg q6h
Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin) 500-875mg q12h *bites
Clindamycin 300-450mg q6h *MRSA coverage
Cipro 500-750mg q12h *puncture wounds

IV: Cefazolin, cetriazone, nafcillin, clindamycin

Elevate head or affected extremity, warm compress, tylenol or ibuprofen for fever and pain

46
Q

Head Lice tx

A

Permethrin 1% (Nix)
Pyrethrin/piperonyl butoxide (Rid) Malathion 0.5% (Ovide) -flammable Benzyl Alcohol 5%-used in pregnancy Topical/oral Ivermectin

47
Q

Crab Lice tx

A

Permethrin 1% (Nix)
Pyrethrin/piperonyl butoxide (Rid) Malathion 0.5% (Ovide) -flammable Benzyl Alcohol 5%-used in pregnancy Topical/oral Ivermectin

48
Q

Body Lice tx

A

Wash entire body
Topical/oral ivermectin
Wash clothing and bedding or dispose in plastic
sealed bags

49
Q

Scabies tx

A

Permethrin 5% Cream (Elimite)

Bath before and 24 hr after last application

Could take weeks for ithching to subside

50
Q

Bed Bugs tx

A

Bites resolve in 1-2 wks Topical/oral steroids Antihistamines Eradication

51
Q

Brown Recluse Spider Bite tx

A

Rest, ice and elevation Tetanus shot Analgesics Wound cleaning and care Abx to ↓ 2° infections
Necrotic wounds heal slowly-may need excision

52
Q

Pityriasis Rosea tx

A 
Symptomatic management
Antihistamines 
Calamine lotion 
Steroids-oral prednisone
UVB phototherapy-caution with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Rash lasts 4-10 wks
53
Q

Lichen Planus tx

A

Topical corticosteroids
Clobetaols (Temovate) Betamethasone Diproprionate (Diprolene) Kenalog injections
Oral prednisone 30-60 mg QD 4-6 wk Narrow band UVB
Phototherapy Retinoids- Acitertin (Soriatane) Cyclosporine 5mg/kg/day

54
Q

Lichen Planus Oral Lesions tx

A

Kenalog paste (in orabase)

55
Q

Erythema Multiforme tx

A 
Resolves spontaneouslt in 3-5 wks
Remove possible drug related cause
Oral antihistamines
Topical steroids
Oral prednisone if severe
Oral acyclovir if recurrnet EM (even if not due to HSV)
56
Q

Erythema Multiforme tx if due to mycoplasma

A

Macrolide

57
Q

Herpes Simplex tx

A

Primary tx 7-10 d
Acyclovir 400 mg TID Famcyclovie 250 mg TID Valtrex 1gm BID
Supressive (6+ episodes/yr)
Acyclovir 400 mg BID Famcyclovir250 mg BID Valtrex 500 mg QD or 1 gm QD
Recurrent
Acyclovir 400 mg tid or 800 mg bid X5 d Acycloviror 800 mg tid X2 days Famciclovir 125 mg bid X 5 d Famciclovir 1000 mg bid X 1 d Valtrex 500 mg bid X 3d Valacyclovir 1g qd X 5d

58
Q

Herpes Zoster tx

A

Prevention with vaccine

Urgent opthalmic referral and antiviral within72 hrs

Acyclovir 800 mg po five times a day for 7-10 d Valacyclovir 1 g po tid x 7 d Famcyclovir 500 mg po tid x 7 d

Pain management

59
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum tx

A 
Self limited (~2 mo for single lesion) Cryotherapy
NO steroids
60
Q

Verruca Vulgaris (HPV)

A

Physical or chemical cautery
Cryotherapy
Phenol nitrate

61
Q

Condylomata Acuminata (anogenital warts) tx

A

No tx is curative & relapses are common
Cryotherapy
Laser ablation
Podophyllin (smaller lesions use chemical to burn) Inter-lesional interferon
Imiquimod cream
5-flourouracil
QUIT smoking

Prevention: vaccine (guardasil)

62
Q

Acne rosacea tx

A

Metronidazole Azelaic acid Sulfacetamide Acne meds Retinoids Topical/oral abx Ivermectin
Redness relief: brimonidine and oxymetazoline moisturize, clense, sunscreen, laser, avoid triggers

63
Q

Hidradenitis Suppurativa tx

A

Prevention-loose clothes, don’t pick, avoid dairy Treat new lesions
Mild-clindamycin, punch surgery, kenalog inj, short course abx (doxy or minocycline)
Mod- above plus spironolactone Severe-prednisone, Humiera (TNF α inhibitor),
accutane, surgery NO cure

64
Q

Atopic Dermatiti tx

A

Emollients
Creams- Cetaphil or Eucerin Ointments- Aquaphor, petroleum jelly
Topical Steroids
High potency (grade 1-III)-chronic eczema Moderate potency (Grade III-V) - flare ups on face
Mild potency (Grade V-VII)-persistent lesions on face, neck, axilla, groin, flexor surfaces
Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors- for severe cases not responding to steeroids (BBW of lymphomas and skin malignancies)
Abx if 2° infection Antihistamines-NOT recommended Phototherapy if refractory to topicals
Bleach baths if need to kill staph

65
Q

Alopecia Areata tx

A

Intralesional corticosteroid inj (kenalog 2.5-5 mg/mL)

Topical steroids Topical immunotherapy

66
Q

Telogen Effluvium tx

A

Treat underlying cause Minoxidil (rogaine)

Treat underlying cause Minoxidil (rogaine)

67
Q

Androgenic Alopecia in Men tx

A

Minoxidil (rogaine) ↑ anagen phase and enlarges miniaturized follicles takes 6-12 mo
Finasterida (propecia) ↓ scalp DHT-better results from younger age and longer time on drug
Surgery

68
Q

Androgenic Alopecia in Women tx

A

Minoxidil (rogaine) Spironolactone Surgery

69
Q

Trichotillomania tx

A

Psych referral

Psychotherapy

70
Q

Pityriasis (tinea) Versicolor tx

A

Selenium sulfide
Zinc pyrithione
Azole antifungals
Terbinafine Ciclopirox

PO Itraconazole and fluconazole

71
Q

Tinea Capitis tx

A

PO Griseofulvin, terbinafine, fluconazole, itraconazole

Do not share hats, helmets or hair products

72
Q

Tinea Corporis

ringworm tx

A

azoles, allyamines, butenafine, ciclopirox, tolnsftate

PO terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin

73
Q

Tinea Cruris

jock itch tx

A

azoles, allyamines, butenafine, ciclopirox, tolnsftate

PO terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin

OTC zeasorb powder & avoid tight clothing

74
Q

Tinea Pedis

athletes foot tx

A

azoles, allyamines, butenafine, ciclopirox, tolnsftate

PO terbinafine, itraconazole, fluconazole, griseofulvin

75
Q

Onychomycosis (Tinea Unguium) tx

A

topical tx can take a year-efinazonazole, amorolfine, tavaborle, ciclopirox

Oral-can take 3 mo terbinafine

76
Q

Candidiasis tx

A

Topical clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin

Oral fluconazole

77
Q

Exanthematous tx

A

Resolves in a few days to a week after medication stopped
Stop offending agent

±Topical Steroids,
Oral antihistamines and reassurance

Cold to help itch

78
Q

Fixed Drug Eruption tx

A

Lesions resolve days to weeks after drug discontinues

Non-eroded- treated with potent topical glucocorticoid ointment

Eroded- treat with antimircobial ointment and dressing until sire reepithelialized

Address pain

Refer to derm

79
Q

DIHS

or DRESS tx

A

Sx may persist for weeks ater cessation fo drug 10% fatality
STOP suspected medications & d/c non-essential meds

Topical/oral steroids

Systemic antihistamines

80
Q

SJS and TENs tx

A

Consult derm, optho, burn, gyno

D/c non-life sustaining meds ASAP

Pain management

Consider AMT for corneal damage

Monitor fluids & electrolytes
2° infection

NO steroids

Do NOT use CHG-impregnated patched (can cause chemical burns

81
Q

Staphlycoccal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) tx

A

Penicillinase resistant PCN (Naficillin, oxacilin)
Vancomycin for MRSA
Mupirocin ointment with xeroform
Monitor fluids and hemodynamic status

82
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris/Bullous Pemphigoid tx

A

Corticosteroids
Immunosupressive drugs (Retuximab, sulfasalazine, methotrexate)
Ig IgG
Caution: skin infections, mouth hygiene, ocular involvement, psych surrport

83
Q

Necrotizing Fasciitis tx

A

Send to burn/trauma SICU
Broad spectrum abx: carbapenem, clindamycin (anaerobic coverage)
Vancomycin or linezolid for MRSA coverage
IV fluids
NPO
OR prep
Complications: sepsis, amputation, death Mortality: 20-35%

84
Q

Fournier Gangrene tx

A

Complications: pan w/ erection, genital scarring, impotence, psych problems, extensive reconstruction
NSQIP mortality 10%

85
Q

Purpura Fulminans tx

A 
Fluid management
Broad spectrum antibiotics
DIC management
Heparin vs FFP vs Protein C concentrate
Prompt removal of dead tissues +/- amputations
86
Q

Vitiligo tx

A 
Sun protection-SPF 50
Steroids
Betamethasone Fluocinonide
Phototherapy
Depigmentation- monobenzone 20% (benoquin) cream BID x 18 mo
Surgical grafting 
Laser therapy
87
Q

Albinism tx

A

Unable to manufacture melanin Prevent sun damage (SPF 50+) Frequent skin checks regular optho visits
Psych/social support

88
Q

Solar Lentigos (liver spots) tx

A 
Chemical peel
Cryotherapy
Laser therapy Hydroquinone
Retinoids
Prevention: sunscreen and ↓ sun exposure
89
Q

Melasma tx

A

Hydroquinone glycolic or Azelaiz acid peel Retinoids

D/c OCP, sunscreen

90
Q

Ephelides (freckles) tx

A

Can treat like lentigo if desired-caution for hyperpigmentation

91
Q

Acanthosis Nigricans tx

A

Treat underlying condition

92
Q

Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation tx

A

Hydroquinone 3%

Azelaiz (finacea) acid peel 20%

93
Q

Keloids tx

A

Topical steroids-gels, lotions, creams and ointments

Kenalog or 5-FU injections Surgical excision Cordran tape Recurrence is common

94
Q

Epidermal Cyst tx

A

Kenalog Injection I & D Surgical excision

95
Q

Lipoma tx

A

Surgical excision for cosmetic reasons

96
Q

Dermatofibroma tx

A

Surgery for cosmetic

97
Q

Acrochordons (skin tags)

A 
Cosmetic removal (may also be irritating)
Electrodessication or surgical excision
98
Q

Hemangioma tx

A

None necessary

If bleeds-arterial embolization, surgery, laser, interferon

99
Q

Actinic Keratosis tx

A

Cryotherapy Curettage Electrosurgery Topical chemotherapy Fluoroplex-5FU Effudex-5FU Zyclara-imiquimoid

100
Q

Skin cancer tx

A

Mohs
Electrodessication & currettage (ED&C)
Cryotherapy
Erividge

Clin Med II (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions