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Level 3 > derm/neuro/endo/HO > Flashcards

derm/neuro/endo/HO Flashcards

1
Q

what is the pathological mechanism of action of toxic epidermal necrolysis?

A

apoptosis of keratinocytes

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2
Q

what is first line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

carbamazepine

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3
Q

what is the protein affected in DMD?

A

dystrophin

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4
Q

what is the most common malignant brain tumor in children?

A

medulloblastoma

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5
Q

what do we give people for prophylaxis for malaria?

A

ato-pro

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6
Q

what is another name for vasovagal syncope?

A

neruocardiogenic syncope

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7
Q

What is the patho of Mystethneia Gravis?
What happens with repeated contraction?
what will happen to the action potential with nerve stimualtion?
Treatment?

A

antibiodies against post synpatic ACH receptors
fatigues out
decreases
Acetylcholoneesterase inhbiotrs

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8
Q

what is the patho of lambert eaton?
what happens with continued use?
what happens to the action potential with nerve stimulation?
what cancer is strongly assocaited with lambert eaton?

A

antiboides against pre calcium recptors
stronger
increased
small cell lung cancer

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9
Q

what is the most common form of cancer in chidlren>

A

ALL

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10
Q

in DKA, what over what potassum level do we give insulin to reduce it?

A

5.2

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11
Q

what is the most important difference between pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid?

A

pemphigus is much more serious and positive nik signs

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12
Q

what are the two main diagnosis when working up a ring enhancing lesion in the brain?
management?

A

abscess or cancer
image guided biopsy

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13
Q

two meds to give for thyroid storm?

A

beta blocker and PTU

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14
Q

what is the most common infection causing erythema multiforme?

A

herpes

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15
Q

what is the image of choice for MS?

A

MRI Brain with T2 weighted

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16
Q

classic physical exam finding for lead poisoning?
diagnosis is with?
3 meds to treat it?

A

wrist or foot drop
blood level
Succ, EDTA and dimercaprol

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17
Q

what is the timeframe of treatment for shingles

A

within 72 hours, then it becomes supportive

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18
Q

acute MS treatment?
chronic MS treatment?

A

steroids
beta interferon and glat

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19
Q

what will be the distinguishing factor between candida infection with daper and irritant dermatitis?

A

skin folds for yeast

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20
Q

treatment of GBS?

A

IVIG and plasmaphersis

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21
Q

what is the most common cause of primary hyperaldosterone?
how to treat?

A

idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia
aldosterne blockers, spiro or eplerenone

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22
Q

what 3 things are lost with anterior cord syndrome?

A

voluntary movement
temp and pain

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23
Q

what is the med of choice for graves disease during pregnancy?

A

PTU

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24
Q

what protein being expressed on lymphocytes is highly sensitive for CLL?

A

CD5

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25
Q

what is the slang term for seborrheic dermatitis?

A

dandruff

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26
Q

what do you need to do before LP for meningitis?

A

CT

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27
Q

what is neonatal cephalic pustulosis?

A

baby acne

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28
Q

If I see elevated gastrin with GERD symptoms, what is my thought process for the exam?

A

high gastric acid from gastrinoma in the duodenum, zollinger, causing PUD

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29
Q

what are the 3 lab vaulues for euthyroid sick syndrome?

A

tsh normal
t3 low
t4 normal

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30
Q

if bromocriptine doesnt work for prolcatin beig up, what is next med to use?

A

cabergoline

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31
Q

how to best workup a thyroid nodule?

A

get a tsh and ultrasound
if the tsh is normal or high, get fine needle
if it is low, radioactive scan

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32
Q

what tumor do most patients with mysthenia gravis have and what is treatment?

A

thymoma
surgery

33
Q

in graves disease, what are the antibodies attacking?

A

tsh receptor

34
Q

treatment of SIADH begins with what?

A

fluid restriction

35
Q

diagnosis of diabetes is made with any of the following 3 criteria?

A

fasting over 126
random over 200
a1c over 6.4

36
Q

when do we treat subclinical hypothyrdidm?

A

symptoms are present

37
Q

mild acne, what is first line?

A

topical retinoids

38
Q

3 assocaited side effects of MM that I need to know for the exam?

A

anemia, hypercalcemia, and renal failure

39
Q

If I see old person or alcoholic found down, what do i need to think about what happened to their head and what will CT show?

A

subdural, crescent shaped

40
Q

what can be a long term consequence of bacterial men in kids?

A

hearing loss

41
Q

what is the most common primary central nervous system tumor and what layer do they arise from?

A

meningioma
arachnoid

42
Q

what is responsible for the jerking movements during seiures?

A

glutamate

43
Q

what to remember about lithium induced condition?

A

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

44
Q

alpha synuclein protein, and lewy bodies, what am I thinking?

A

parkinsons, low dopamine

45
Q

Beta amyloid protein?

A

alzheimers, low achetylcholine

46
Q

Tau Protein?

A

alzheimers

47
Q

Prion Proteins?

A

C Jakob disease

48
Q

boy is late on puberty and cant smell, what am I thinking?

A

kallman

49
Q

3 meds for alzheimers?
when to give what?

A

denepezil, stigmine and memantine
need to give memantine in severe

50
Q

what lab value is first affected by heparin?

A

ptt

51
Q

first line treatment for lichen planus?

A

clobestasol

52
Q

what skin condition is associated with gluten sensitivty and how to treat?

A

dermatitis herpetiformis
dapsone

53
Q

what two areas of the brain light up on MRI for C jacob disease?

A

putanam and caudate

54
Q

two causes of adrenal insufficiency to remember?

A

addisons
tuberculosis induced

55
Q

two meds for myxedema coma

A

steroids and levo

56
Q

what two times are prolnged with von willebrand?
treatment?

A

ptt
bleeding time
desmopressin

57
Q

memory problems and personaility and behvaior changes, what type of dementia?

A

frontotemporal dementia

58
Q

what is mainstay treatment for diabetic retinopathy?

A

laser photocoauglation

59
Q

what can be used for tourettes besides guanfacne?

A

pimozide

60
Q

what abx class causes tinnitus?

A

aminoglycosides

61
Q

treatment for zollinger ellsion syndrome starts with?

A

PPI

62
Q

what is second line treatment for MS flare?

A

plasmapharesis or acth gel

63
Q

what drug is shown to slow the progression of ALS?

A

riluzole

64
Q

what is the treatment of choice for pemhpgus vulgaris?

A

steroids

65
Q

what procedure to consider for basal cell carcinoma of the face?

A

mohs

66
Q

what cerebral artery supplies language center?

A

middle

67
Q

what can metformin cause and why is this important to know if you want to do imaging?

A

lactic acidosis, but only in patients with low GFR, so check a creatinine or know their kidney function before doing a CT scan with contrast

68
Q

what body type do men 2b people have

A

marfanoid

69
Q

what condition do you use cosyntropin stimulation test and why>

A

adddison because it should trigger cortisol to be released if the adreanls are functioniung properly

70
Q

what is the most common cause of secondary hypothyroidism?

A

pituitary adenoma, not producing tsh no no t4

71
Q

test loves to use hypothyroidism to mask what conditoon?

A

depression

72
Q

spina bifidia occulta herniation?

A

no externally, but can internally

73
Q

Meningocele herniation?

A

meninges herniate externally

74
Q

Meningomyelocele herniation?

A

both cord and meninges

75
Q

what to use to treat narcolepsy with cataplexy?

A

pitolisant

76
Q

what am i thinking if a diabetic patient all of the sudden is able to control blood sugars much better?

A

adrenal insuficicieny

77
Q

how to best treat adrenal insufficiency?

A

hydro because it has glucco and hydro

78
Q

triad of somatostainomas?

A

diabetes
gallstones
diarrhea

79
Q

how do you treat insulonoma?

A

surgery

Level 3 (17 decks)

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