Derm

Question 1

What is acanthosis nigricans associated with?

Answer 1

Gastric carcinoma 
Obesity
DM
Acromegaly 
Hodgkins lymphoma 
Thyroid disease

Question 2

List 2 drug causes of alopecia

Answer 2

Warfarin and heparin

Question 3

List causes of hirsuitism

Answer 3

PCOS 
Adrenal / ovarian tumours 
Cushings 
Acromegaly 
CAH 
Steroids

Question 4

What is 1st line Tx for eczema?

Answer 4

Emollients and topical steriods

Question 5

List causes of onycholysis

Answer 5

Psoriasis 
Dermatitis 
Infection (fungal) 
RA 
Hypothyroidism 
Trauma 
Idiopathic

Question 6

Where are psoriatic lesions found?

Answer 6

Extensors

Question 7

What is 1st line Tx for psoriasis?

Answer 7

Topicals eg tar, dithranol, Vit D, steriods

Question 8

List cells in the epidermis

Answer 8

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel cells

Question 9

What are skin appendages?

Answer 9

Structures derived from ecto/mesoderm and housed within skin

Question 10

Give examples of skin appendages?

Answer 10

hair follicles, sebaceous glands, apocrine sweat glands, eccrine sweat glands, nails

Question 11

White/red patches of buccal mucosa. Dx?

Answer 11

Oral candidiasis

Question 12

Tx for oral candidiasis?

Answer 12

Nystatin

Question 13

Chronic itchy blistering skin is associated with what GIT condition? What is it called?

Answer 13

Coeliacs

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Question 14

What is the Mx for dermatitis herpetiformis?

Answer 14

Dapsone (sulphone ABx)

Avoiding gluten based foods

Question 15

What are the dermatological manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1?

Answer 15

Cafe au lait spots
Neurofibromas
Axillary freckling

Question 16

What are the dermatological manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 2?

Answer 16

Cafe au lait spots (less than type 1)

Bilateral vestibular schwannomas

Question 17

What type of inheritance is neurofibromatosis?

Answer 17

Autosomal dominant

Question 18

List 3 causes of generalised cutaneous hypo pigmentation

Answer 18

Pheylketonuria
Albinism
Hypopituitarism

Question 19

List 5 causes of localised cutaneous hypo pigmentation

Answer 19

Vitiligo 
Pityriasis veriscolor 
Post inflammation skin conditions
Tuberous sclerosis 
Leprosy

Question 20

Indolent boils which rapidly expand, break down and leave large, ulcerated painful areas with a characteristic undermined edge. Dx?

Answer 20

Pyoderma gangrenosum

Question 21

List 3 conditions associated w pyoderma gangrenosum

Answer 21

UC, CD, RA

Question 22

What is Mx for pyoderma gangrenosum

Answer 22

Systemic steroids in moderately high doses

Dressings

Question 23

List 5 conditions in which orogenital ulceration is seen

Answer 23

IBD 
Steven-Johnson syndrome 
Syphillis 
Behcet's disease 
Reiters syndrome

Question 24

Chronic sarcoid plaques resembling blue-red plaques on nose and hands. Dx?

Answer 24

Lupus pernio

Question 25

What condition is lupus pernio associated with?

Answer 25

Sarcoidosis

Question 26

What is Bowen's disease?

Answer 26

Intra-epidermal carcinoma in situ | Can progress to invasive SCC

Question 27

What is triad of Sx for tuberous sclerosis?

Answer 27

Cutaneous abnormalities Mental retardation Seizures

Question 28

What nutritional deficiency results in pellagra?

Answer 28

Nicotinic acid

Question 29

What is the Sx triad of pellagra?

Answer 29

Dermatitis, diarrhoea, dementia

Question 30

Skin that is hot, red, tender with poorly demarcated edges. Dx?

Answer 30

Cellulitis

Question 31

Name common organisms that cause cellulitis

Answer 31

Staph aureus | Strep pyogenes

Question 32

Tx of cellulitis?

Answer 32

IV flucloxacillin

Question 33

Brown firm nodules on neck. Diascopy show 'apple jelly' appearance. Dx?

Answer 33

Lupus vulgaris (cutaneous TB)

Question 34

Tx for Lupus Vulgaris?

Answer 34

TB medication for 1 year

Question 35

What drugs are used to treat TB?

Answer 35

Oral rifampicin, pyrazinamide, isoniazid, ethambutol

Question 36

Ulcerated, expanding nodule with everted edges. Occurring on face/neck. Dx?

Answer 36

SCC

Question 37

Other than in sun damaged areas, where can SCC occur?

Answer 37

Edges of scars

Question 38

What is the scoring system for melanoma?

Answer 38

Glasgow 7 point system

Question 39

List elements of Glasgow 7 point system

Answer 39

MAIN: Size, shape, colour MINOR: Diameter >7mm, inflammation, oozing/bleeding, itching

Question 40

What is the main type of melanoma?

Answer 40

Superficial spreading

Question 41

What is the system for measuring invasion of melanoma into skin?

Answer 41

Breslow thickness

Question 42

Erythematous plaques on chest and back which look like psoriasis. FLAWS & other cancer Sx. Dx?

Answer 42

Cutaneous lymphoma

Question 43

Peri-oral pigmentation. Dx?

Answer 43

Peutz-Jegher's syndrome

Question 44

What organism causes molluscum contagiosum?

Answer 44

Pox virus

Question 45

Pearly elevated, smooth, reddish papule with a central punctum. Dx?

Answer 45

Molloscum contagiosum

Question 46

Tx for moderate acne on face, neck and back?

Answer 46

Oral erythromycin

Question 47

What drug causes drug induced SLE Sx?

Answer 47

Sulphonamides like trimethoprim

Question 48

Define nodule

Answer 48

Solid lump >0.5cm which is subcut/intradermal

Question 49

Define macule

Answer 49

Well defined flat area of altered pigmentation

Question 50

Define Papule

Answer 50

Raised, well defined lesion usually <0.5cm

Question 51

Define pustule

Answer 51

Well defined pus filled lesion

Question 52

List causes of erythema multiform

Answer 52

``` Idiopathic Infections - HSV, strep, EBV SLE Cancer Sarcoidosis Cancer Drugs - penicillin, sulphamides ```

Question 53

List causes of erythema nodosum

Answer 53

``` Sarcoidosis IBD Blood cancers Strep, TB, EBV Drugs like OCP or penicillin ```

Question 54

Which of these is NOT a skin change of diabetes? | Neuropathic ulcer, necrobiosis lipodica, acanthosis nigracans, lipohypertrophy, livedo reticularis?

Answer 54

Livedo reticularis