Derm Flashcards
Psoriasis keywords
Extensors
Onycholysis
Auspitz
Munro’s microabscess (Neutrophils in stratum corneum)
What is onycholysis and what disease process are you likely to see it in?
Separation of nail from nail bed (white area of nail plate getting bigger)
Erythema Multiforme description
Triggers
Complications
Diagnostic considerations
Erythematous Targetoid lesions on mucous membranes, palms, soles
Triggered by HSV, PCN, Sulfa, NSAIDS
!TEN/SJS
Do an RPR to r/o syphilis
Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) keywords
Basal cell degeneration
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) keywords
Epidermal Eosinophils
>30%
Erythema Nodosum description
Triggers
Diagnostic considerations
Painful erythematous lower leg nodules
Triggered by Strep, Coccidiodes, TB, Sulfa, Sarcoid, Crohn’s UC, Behcet’s
Rule out the triggers above (ASO, PPD, CXR for sarcoid, Bowel series). May see False +VDRL
Bullous Pemphigoid keywords
IgG + C3 anti-Hemidesmosomes on basement membrane
Tense
Prednisone tx.
Pemphigus Vulgaris (vulgar=bad)
IgG Anti-Desmosomes Flaccid \+ Nikolsky Tombstoning Prednisone + IVIg, MMF, Rituximab, AZA, MTX tx.
Genital Warts keywords
HPV 16 and 18
Tx: Freezing, Podophyllin, Trichloroacetic acid, Imiquimod, 5FU
Scarlet Fever keywords
Strep pyogenes
sunburn + goosebumps
strawberry tongue
Tx. PCN
Salmonella Typhi keywords
Pink rose spots on trunk
Tx. Fluoroquinolones and Ceftriaxone
Ludwig’s angina
Cellulitis of submental/maxillary/lingual space from infected tooth
Most common causes of necrotizing fasciitis
Medical tx.
Strep pyogenes (10%) Staph aureus + E. coli + Clostridium perfringens
PCN, Clindamycin, Metronidazole/Ceftriaxone
Fournier gangrene
genital and perineal necrotizing fasciitis
Isoretinoin
Indications
Complications
for severe cystic acne
teratogenic, ^ LFTs, ^ chol, ^ TGs, worsen depression
Most likely side effect of Transretinoin
excessive dryness and skin peeling
Tinea Versicolor description
Pathogen
Tx
HyPO/HyPER-pigmented scaly patches “spaghetti and meatballs”
Malassezia furfur/Pityrosporum orbiculare
Ketoconazole 2% or Selenium Sulfide topical
Scabies keywords
Tx
night time post-shower pruritus
linear pimples betwen knuckles, axilla
5% Permethrin from the neck down for pts. AND partners
Rosacea keywords
Tx
facial erythema + telangiectasias
Metronidazole
What is actinic keratosis a precursor of?
Tx?
SCC
Topical 5FU
Basal Cell ca. keywords
upper face (above the lip)
UV sun exposure
palisading outer layer
SCC keywords
sun exposure (below the lip)
keratin pearls
heaped up margins
Mycosis Fungoides (Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma) Tx
Cerebriform lymphocytes/Sezary cells
Phototherapy
Leprosy keywords
Pathogen
Carbol fuchsin stian
Peripheral n. damage
Mycobacterium Leprae (G+R, acid fast)
Vasospastic ulcers
small, dry, painful, no pulses d/t vasospastic process like Raynaud’s
Venous insufficiency ulcers most common location
medial malleolus
Livedo reticularis is generally a symptom of what disease?
Cholesterol embolization
What would you see in the eyes of someone with cholesterol embolization?
Hollenhorst plaques in retinal a.’s
Melanocytes are derived from what kind of cells? What is a marker for melanoma?
Neural crest cells
S100
Most common AE of oral Tetracyclines (Minocycline)
Photosensitivity
Tetracyclines are contraindicated in pregnancy d/t risk of abnormal fetal bone development and tooth discoloration.
Vitiligo
d/t
dx
tx
Autoimmune melanocyte destruction
May be assoc. with other autoimmune disorders (thyroid disease, DM) so
Dx: check TSH and Fasting Blood Glucose
Tx: phototherapy, laser therapy
Trichophyton dermatophyte keywords
well circumscribed
scaly and pruritic lesions
Tx: Ketoconazole, Terbinafine, Miconazole
