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Pathology II Exam 1 > Derm 3 > Flashcards

Derm 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What contains target lesions, involves the pals, soles and mucous membranes, skin directed immune reaction?

A

Erythema multiforme

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2
Q

What form of EM has typical target lesions, absent or mild mucosal involvement?

A

EM Minor

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3
Q

What form of EM is basically stevens johnson syndrome and has mucosal involvement?

A

EM major

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4
Q

What is it called in EM when there is >30% epidermal detachment and severe mucosal involvement?

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

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5
Q

What are major infectious causes of EM?

A

herpes simplex, mycoplasma, other viruses and bacteria

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6
Q

What drugs are major causes of erythema multiform? 4 [maybe just review]

A

anticonvulsants
antibiotics
NSAIDS
allopurinol

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7
Q

In toxic epidermal necrolysis, what is the high 30% mortality rate related to?

A

Sepsis

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8
Q

What do we see in the epidermis of erythema multiforme?

A

apoptotic keratinocytes (pink balls)

also note the perivascular lymphocytic inflammation

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9
Q

Tender nodules usually on the shins is a sign of what?

A

erythema nodosum

- causes, OCPs, Strep infections, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, pulmonary fungal, or AFB

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10
Q

What is the buzzword for the histology erythema nodosum?

A

septal panniculitis

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11
Q

What is characterized by a palpable purpura, usually found on legs, immune complex deposition, neutrophils invade and destroy the vessel, fibrin deposition around the vessels?

A

Leukocytoclastic

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12
Q

What is the key to allergic contact dermatitis diagnosis?

A

geometric shapes area

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13
Q

What are we looking for spongiotic dermatitis histologically speaking 3?

A

epidermal hyperplasia, intracellular edema, exocytosis of lymphocytes (moving up into papillary region)

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14
Q

The buzzwords herald patch, christmas tree distributions makes us think of what? what is the histology of this condition?

A
  1. pityriasis rosea

2. spongiotic dermatitis

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15
Q

What condition is characterized by a salmon colored scaly plaque on the scalp, elbows, knees, and sacrum? The fact that these lesions occur in areas of trauma is called what? what non skin finding often accompanies this condition?

A
  1. Psoriasis
  2. koebner phenomenon
  3. arthritis
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16
Q

What key histology characteristics are found in psoriasis- acanthuses? granular layer? inflammatory cells? parakeratosis?

A

regular acanthosis
absent granular layer
neutrophils in stratum corneum
yes parakeratosis

17
Q

T-F- psoriasis is a B cell driven disease?

A

False- T cell driven

18
Q

T-F- psoriasis is related to obesity, hypertension, diabetes, MI, elevated C reactive protein?

A

True

19
Q

Describe acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus?

A

butterfly rash, photosensitive, non-scarring

20
Q

What shape does subacute cutaneous lupus erythematasus make? is it photosensitive? scarring? systemic?

A
  1. annular or psoriasiform
  2. Yes
  3. No
  4. yes, joint complaints
21
Q

Does chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus have scarring? what if we don’t find extracutaneous findings at diagnosis?

A
  1. Yes

2. only 5% chance of developing SLE

22
Q

Describe the histology of the basal layer in lupus erythematosus?

A

Basal layer vacuolization and apoptotic keratinocytes

23
Q

What 2 major organisms cause impetigo?

Is it contagious?

A
  1. staph aureus and strep

2. yes contagious

24
Q

Which herpes virus is mainly oral? Which herpes virus is mainly genital?

A
  1. HSV1

2. HSV2

25
Q

What phase are we most contagious in chicken pox? does reactivation have this phase?

A
  1. respiratory phase

2. No

26
Q

Incidence of herpes zoster reinfection increases with what?

A

age and immunosuppression

27
Q

What HPV strains cause condylomas?

A

6,11

28
Q

What HPV strains cause bowenoid papulosis, cervical dysplasia?

A

16,18,33

29
Q

In tinea, what are we looking for in the stratum corneum?

A

hyphae with a KOH stain of course

30
Q

How do we diagnose syphilis?

A

dark field or serology

31
Q

What stage the syphilis chancre occur? does it hurt?

A

Primary syphilis

It is painless, which is unusual

32
Q

3-10 weeks after primary syphilis, what do we notice in secondary syphilis?

A

Palm and sole Rashes- can be everywhere, but the fact that it is on the palm and sole is very unique

[Also condyloma kata is often found which is diff from HIV warts]

33
Q

What are some of the purposes of doing non-treponemal serologic testing for syphilis?

A

They rise and fall based on the organisms activity. You can essentially monitor treatment response with this.

They measure antibodies to cardiolipin-cholesterol-lecithin antigen, they are the most common screening tests.

34
Q

What is the purpose of the FTA-ABS and FHA-TP antibody tests for syphilis?

A

They are confirmatory and qualitative

Pathology II Exam 1 (8 decks)

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