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Pathology II Exam 1 > Derm 2 > Flashcards

Derm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Is seborrheic keratoses malignant? sun induced?

A

Benign

Not sun induced

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2
Q

Describe the histology of a seborrheic keratoses?

A

flat bottomed bland epidermal proliferation with PSEUDO HORN CYSTS

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3
Q

What is a concentrically laminated collections of surface keratin within the acanthotic epithelium

A

pseudo horn cyst

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4
Q

What is acanthosis?

A

epidermal hyperplasia

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5
Q

What is an achrocordon?

A

skin tag

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6
Q

What are achrocordons associated with?

A

Obesity in area of friction

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7
Q

Are dermatofibromas malignant? Where are they most often located? What is the key characteristic of pinching them?

A
  1. Benign
  2. Shoulders and legs
    3 firm and dimple in when pinched
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8
Q

What is the his to characteristic of dermatofibromas?

A

fibrohistiocytic proliferation in the DERMIS

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9
Q

Are neurofibromas malignant? Where are they found? what type of tissue proliferation are they?

A
  1. Benign
  2. trunk of middle aged individuals
  3. neuromesenchymal tissue
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10
Q

Is neurofibromatosis autosomal recessive? What gene is problematic?

A
  1. Autosomal Dominant

2. Neurofibromin gene

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11
Q

What are 5 physical signs (marks) of neurofibromatosis?

A 
Neurofibromas
Cafe au lait macules
Lisch nodules
axillary freckling
optic glioma
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12
Q

What does a neurofibroma look like under a microscope?

A

spindled, schwann cells, has a pinkish color that is different than the collagen of dermatofibroma

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13
Q

What is a epidermoid cyst filled with?

A

keratin- with a stratified squamous wall

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14
Q

What is excessive fibroblast proliferation and collagen production in response to a injury? Does it stay within the original area of injury?

A

Keloid
no extends beyond

[higher incidence in those with african ancestry]

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15
Q

What is red blanching macules that are present at birth? Do they go away? biopsy shows what?

A
  1. nevus flammeus
  2. many do fade
  3. capillary dilation (telangiectasia)
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16
Q

Port wine stain is a capillary malformation with a bright red blotchy pattern and has V1 and V2 involvement? What syndrome is it associated with?

A
  1. port wine stain
  2. sturge-weber syndrome
    - cns angiomatosis
    - mental retardation
    - contralateral seizure
    - ipsilateral glaucoma
17
Q

When do strawberry hemangiomas appear? When do they go away?

A
  1. appear shortly after birth

2. Grow rapidly for 9 mo to 12 mo and then slowly involute

18
Q

When do cherry hemangiomas come about? where are they most numerous? how long to the last? what is proliferated?

A
  1. middle age
  2. most numerous on trunk
  3. persists indefinitely
  4. capillary proliferation
19
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma effects what two groups? what is the virus involved? what is the histology?

A
  1. elderly mediterranean males and HIV positive patients
  2. HHV8
  3. atypical vascular proliferation
20
Q

What is the indolent form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma? how do they progress?

A
  1. Mycosis fungoides

2. dermatitis like patch–> plaque–> then tumor

21
Q

What is sezary’s syndrome?

A

leukemic form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma- patients are very pruritic and erythroderma

22
Q

When does pemphigus vulgaris come about? where are they located? the circulated antibodies are to what proteins? Does it show the Nikolsky sign?

A
  1. mid adult life
  2. oral mucosa and skin
  3. desmosomal proteins- desmoglein 1 & 3
  4. Yes- lateral pressure on skin gives blister
23
Q

What does pemphigus immunofluorescence look like?

A

chicken wire

24
Q

Is pemphigus foliaceous deep or superficial? does it effect oral mucosa? Where is it endemic? What are the antibodies against?

A
  1. superficial
  2. spares oral mucosa
  3. Brasil
  4. desmoglein 1 (why it spares oral mucosa)
25
Q

Who is bullous pemphigoid primarily seen? What specific type of blisters are present? Does it have a nikolsky sign? What are the antibodies against?

A
  1. in the elderly
  2. tense, subepidermal
  3. no nikolsky sign
  4. hemi-desmosomal proteins
26
Q

T-F– bullous pemphigoid has an eosinophil-rich upper dermal infiltrate?

A

True

27
Q

What does the immunofluorescence look like for bullous pemphigoid?

A

straight line- think hemidesmosomes

28
Q

Where are the intensely pruritic vesicles of dermatitis herpetiformis found?

A
  1. elbows, knees, scalp, buttocks
29
Q

What skin disease do we know that is associated with gluten sensitivity enteropathy?

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

30
Q

T-F- dermatitis herpetiformis is Nikolsky positive?

A

False- negative

31
Q

Where are the micro abscesses of dermatitis herpetiformis found histologically speaking?

A

in the dermal papillae

32
Q

What does the direct immunofluorescence of dermatitis herpetiformis logo like?

A

Granular IgA in dermal papillae

33
Q

What are the 3 types of epidermolysis bullosa?

A

Simplex, junctional, dystrophic

34
Q

Which epidermolysis bullosa is split through upper dermis; defect in type VII collagen?

A

dystrophic

35
Q

Which epidermolysis bullosa is split through the basement zone, defective proteins include laminin 5, A6B4 integrin, type XVII collagen?

A

junctional

36
Q

Which epidermolysis bullosa is split through the basal layer of the epidermis and the defects are in the K5 or K14?

A

simplex

37
Q

T-F- epidermolysis bullosa is an inflammatory bullae?

A

False- non-inflammatory

38
Q

Review Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

A
  • defect in heme pathway
  • blisters and fragility of sun exposed skin
  • defect in uroporphyrin decarboxylase
  • associations- can get hirsuitism, alcoholism, estrogens, hemochromatosis and hepatitis C

Pathology II Exam 1 (8 decks)

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