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Old DOOS > Derm 1 > Flashcards

Derm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

most used form of treatment in dermatology.

A

Topicals

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2
Q

is an ointment good for a hairy person?

A

Not really, will stick to hair. Best to use a gel or solution.

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3
Q

typical location of eczema in an infant

A

face and cheeks

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4
Q

will have the chief complaint of itching. Common on flexor surfaces. Cyclical pattern of relapse and recurrence.

A

Atopic dermatitis

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5
Q

other atopic problems that go hand and hand with eczema

A

asthma

allergies

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6
Q

is there a diagnostic test for eczema?

A

No (but IgE can be elevated)

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7
Q

First line tx for atopic dermatitis

A

Frequent lubrication with thick emolient creams
Infants- 0.5-1.0% hydrocortisone BID to TID
Adults- higher potency topical steroids (triamcinolone 0.5%) BID to TID

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8
Q

Second line tx for atopic dermatitis

A

systemic steroids
plastic occlusive dressing w/ topicals
immunomodulators

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9
Q

Reaction to an external substance

Will have pruritus

A

Contact dermatitis

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10
Q

tx for contact dermatitis

A

Avoid the irritant
Lotion with zinc oxide, talc, menthol, phenol (i.e. Gold bond)
Topical corticosteroid
Oral antihistamine

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11
Q

2 types of contact dermatitis

A

Irritant dermatitis

allergic contact dermatitis

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12
Q

tests for contact dermatitis

A

Patch test (if severe or persistent)

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13
Q

Red maculopapular areas that are aside from the original site

A

Satellite lesions

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14
Q

Occurs under the covered area of a diaper.

A

Diaper dermatitis

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15
Q

causes of diaper dermatitis

A

Material the diaper is made of

recent diarrhea/ illness

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16
Q

are skin folds usually affected by diaper dermatitis?

A

usually spared, not affected until late

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17
Q

Satellite lesions with diaper dermatitis usually indicate what?

A

Candida

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18
Q

Tx for diaper dermatitis

A

Low potency steroid hydrocortisone

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19
Q

tx for diaper dermatitis + candida

A

antifungal (miconazole cream or powder)

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20
Q

Coin-shaped, vesicular, erythematous lesions with some crusting

A

Nummular eczema dermatitis

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21
Q

Tx for nummular eczema dermatitis

A

Avoid excessive use of soap but use supper-fatted soaps like Dove
lubricate skin immediately after bath or shower

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22
Q

Erythematous papules, small pustules with mild scaling at the area of the chin, upper lip, and nasolabial folds

A

Perioral dermatitis

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23
Q

difference between nummular eczema and tinea?

A

Tine is scaling

eczema is crusting

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24
Q

Tx for perioral dermatitis

A 
tetracycline abx (typically doxycycline) 
don't use topical steroids (gets worse)
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25
Q

causes or perioral dermtiatis

A

toothpaste, face products

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26
Q

Macular, erythematous, greasy lesions on face or near scalp line.

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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27
Q

tests for seborrheic dermatitis with treatment failure

A

biopsy

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28
Q

tx for seborrheic dermatitis

A

topical antifungals or corticosteroids
coal tar
selenium sulfide

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29
Q

Increased scaling, peripheral edema, erosions, crusts. Erythema, itching, scaling. On the lower extremities. long, insidious process . Typically medial.

A

Stasis dermatitis

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30
Q

Tests for stasis dermatitis

A

no specific testing

get dx of venous insufficiency (Duplex US)

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31
Q

First line Tx for stasis dermatitis

A 
Abx for secondary infection
Burrow's solution (aluminum acetate) 
wet dressing and cooling paste is ulcerated
topical corticosteroids 
leg elevation
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32
Q

Second line tx for stasis dermatitis

A

Abx based on C&S

lubrication when dermatitis is quiescent

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33
Q

Recurring vesicular papules on the palms, soles, or interdigital areas that are typically not erythematous
Possibly associated with excessive sweating

A

Dyshidrotic eczema

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34
Q

Tx for mild dyshidrotic eczema

A

low potency topical steroids

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35
Q

Tx for moderate- severe dyshidortic eczema

A

Ultrahigh potency steroids with occlusive dressing

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36
Q

Tx for recurrent dyshidrotic eczema

A

Systemic steroids at onset of itching

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37
Q

Non pharm tx for dyhidrotic eczema

A

Don’t use hot water
avoid prolonged immersion in water
emollients

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38
Q

Chronic dermatitis that results from constant rubbing or scratching of the skin. Pruritus is out of proportion to appearance of the lesion

A

Lichen simplex chronicus

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39
Q

tx for lichen simplex chronicus

A

topical anti-pruritic agents
high potency topical steroids, transition to lower potency
can also use oral antihistamine for pruritis

40
Q

what are 2 anti-pruritc agents used for lichen simplex chronicus?

A

doxepin, menthol preparations

41
Q

what is papulosquamous?

A

Raised and scaly

42
Q

Superficial fungal infections associated with scaling, erythema, or change in skin pigmentation

A

Dematophyte infections (tinea)

43
Q

typically asymptomatic macules more commonly found in summer with periodic recurrences. Hypopigmented lesions

A

Tinea versicolor

44
Q

Round to oval patches of alopecia with erythema
Seborrheic dermatitis-like pattern with minimal or no alopecia
Follicular pustules with crusting
Boggy, tender plaque with follicular pustules (kerion)
Diffusely dry scalp

A

tinea capitis

45
Q

form of tinea capitis with Boggy, tender plaque with follicular pustules

A

kerion

46
Q

tests for all tineas

A

Fungal culture

KOH prep

47
Q

tx for tinea corporis/ cruris

A

topical azole antifungal, use for one week after resolution of symptoms; resort to oral meds if no resolution

48
Q

tx for tinea capitis

A

oral griseofulvin, terbinafine, or itraconazole

49
Q

tx for tinea pedis

A

antifungal cream BID until lesions have resolved for three days; resort to oral antifungals if no resolution

50
Q

tx for tinea veriscolor

A

ketoconazole or selenium sulfide shampoo (Selsun Blue; dandruff shampoo); oral antifungals for non-responders

51
Q

If you press on it and the color goes away then comes back what is it?

A

Blanchable

52
Q

Adverse skin reaction response to administration of any medication

A

Drug eruptions

53
Q

Most common type of drug eruptions

A

Urticarial

54
Q

when can drug eruptions occurs

A

10-14 days after a patient starts a new medications

55
Q

Small flat top, angular, red to violaceous, shiny, pruritic papules on the skin
“lot of P’s”

A

Lichen planus

56
Q

Common locations of lichen planus

A

flexor surfaces of UE
extensor surfaces of LE
genitalia
mucous membranes

57
Q

White, lacy pattern on the tongue

A

Lichen planus

58
Q

if what is on top of the purple, patches of lichen plnaus.

A

white lacy pattern

Wickham striae

59
Q

new lesions may be noted at sites of minor injuries such as scratches or burns

A

Koebner phenomenon

60
Q

tx for lichen planus

A

superpotent topical steroids
soak and smear technique.
systemic steroids if no response

61
Q

What is the soak and smear technique

A

soak in bath for 20 minutes
then immediately put steroids on
should be done at night
use ointment as solution

62
Q

Self-limiting skin eruption with multiple papulosquamous lesions
initial sign is a herald patch
widespread rash begins 7-14 days later

A

Pityriasis rosea

63
Q

tx for pityriasis rosea

A

Topical steroids or oral antihistamines for itching

64
Q

Well-defined red papules coalescing to plaques; sharply demarcated silvery scales on red plaques

A

Psoriasis

65
Q

Usually presents

A

Guttate psoriasis

66
Q

True emergency: Severe form characterized by widespread erythema, scaling, pustule formation

A

Pustular psoraisis

67
Q

First line Tx for psoriasis

A 
emollient
topical corticosteroids
Vit D analgoues
topical retinoids
light therapy
68
Q

Second line tx for psoriasis

A

topical immunosuppressants
salicylic acid
coal tar

69
Q

what is Underlying pinpoints of bleeding following scraping of psorasis plaques

A

Auspitz sign

70
Q

Generalized hypersensitivity reaction, usually to a drug, in which skin and mucous membrane lesions are an early manifestation

A

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

71
Q

what usually causes stevens-johnson syndrome

A

a drug rxn

72
Q

what do the lesions look like with SJS and TEN

A

targetoid

73
Q

when is a targetoid rash considered TEN?

A

> 30% of body surface area

74
Q

when targetoid lesions occupy 10–30% of body surface area what is it considered

A

overlap between SJS and TEN

75
Q

do you managed SJS in clinic?

A

No, you should admit them

76
Q

Tx for SJS

A

supportive care in hospital

77
Q

where does a patient with TEN admitted to?

A

Burn unit

78
Q

Acute and self-limiting hypersensitivity reaction
Previously thought to be on spectrum of SJS and TEN
Mostly triggered by infectious agents, especially HSV

A

Erythema multiforme

79
Q

3 zones of target lesions with erythema multiforme

A

raised and cyanotic center, edematous light intermediate ring and bright erythematous border

80
Q

what causes erythema multiforme?

A

HSV previous infection

81
Q

Tx for erythema multiforme

A

Medication for any underlying process
Topical corticosteroids or oral antihistamines for symptomatic relief
Possible antivirals with comorbid viral infection

82
Q

Epidermal detachment with light lateral pressure

seen with SJS

A

Nikolsky’s sign

83
Q

Large, tense subepidermal blisters and urticarial plaques or bullae commonly occur in the flexural areas of the legs and arms, axillae, abdomen, and groin. Due to autoimmune process

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

84
Q

what signs will be negative with bullous pemphigoid

A

Nikolsky

Asboe-Hansen

85
Q

what is required for a dx of bullous pemphigoid

A

biopsy

86
Q

first line tx for bullous pemphigoid

A

high potency topical corticosteroids

possible oral steroids

87
Q

chronic inflammatory dermatosis notable for open/closed comedones and inflammmatory lesions, including papules, pustules, or nodules

A

Acne vulgaris

88
Q

what is a Closed comedones

A

whitehead

89
Q

wat is an open comedones

A

blackhead

90
Q

when will you do testing with acne

A

female comes in with signs of androgenation

91
Q

Chronic condition characterized by recurrent episodes of facial flushing, erythema (due to dilatation of small blood vessels in the face), papules, pustules, and telangiectasia (due to increased reactivity of capillaries) in a symmetrical, facial distribution

A

Rosacea

92
Q

what differentiated rosacea from acne

A

lack of comedones

93
Q

tx for rosacea

A

low dose oral tetracyclines
topical metronidazole, or other topical antibiotics
topical sulfur-containing compounds

94
Q

what exacerbates rosacea?

A

Spicy foods
heat
alcohol
sun

95
Q

Inflammation of the hair follicle caused by infection, irritation, or injury
Will have pustules at the base of hair follicle

A

Follicuiltis

96
Q

cause of hot tub foliculitis

A

pseudomonas

97
Q

Tx for folliculitis

A

systemic abx haven’t been found to be helpful

consult sanford guide

Old DOOS (21 decks)

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