Depth Study 3 - Hitlers Rise Flashcards by Henry Lynch

What is totalitarianism?

A system of government that is centralised and dictatorial and requires complete subservience of the state

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What is Gleichschaltung?

The standardisation of political, economic and social institutions as carried out in authoritarian state

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What three factors lent themselves to Hitler’s to chancellorship?

Pseudo-legal and constitutional
Cultural and Gleichschaltung
Violence, Intimidation and Propaganda

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When was Hitler appointed as Chancellor?

30th January 1933

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Did Hitler have a majority in the Reichstag?

No, just a loose coalition of the Centrum, NSDAP and Germans People Party

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How many Nazis were in the Cabinet when Hitler came to power?

3/12

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Who was Hitler’s Vice Chancellor?

von Papen

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Why did Hitler go everywhere with Hindenburg?

To build up personal support

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Why was State GV abolished by Von Papen?

He believed it was not capable of handling conflicts with Nazis and Communists

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When was state GV abolished?

July 1934

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When did Goring join the Nazi Party?

1922

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What did Goring achieve for the Nazi Party?

He helped reform the SA to the successful unit

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What position did Goring hold in the Nazi Party?

Minister without Portfolio and Minister of Interior

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When was the Reichstag burnt down?

27th February 1933

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Who was blamed for the Reichstag Fire?

Matthias van der Lubbe who was a Dutch Communist

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Who was arrested as a result of the Reichstag Fire?

4000 leading Communists including Ernst Thalmann leader of the Communist Party

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When did Hitler ask for the Reichstag Fire Decrees to be passed?

28th February 1933, asking Hindenburg to use Article 49

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When was the next election after the Reichstag Fire Decrees?

6 days after on March 5th 1933

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What did the Reichstag Fire Decrees achieve?

Suspended free speech and press

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What did Hitler do with state police after the Reichstag Fire?

Put an SA member with every police officer

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What areas did the Nazi Party gain the most votes?

East Prussia and Bavaria

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How many seats did the Nazis get in the March 1933 elections?

288

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How many seats did the Zentrum get in the March 1933 elections?

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How many seats did the German National Peoples Party get in the March 1933 elections?

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How many more seats did the Nazis get in the March 1933 elections than the previous?

+92

How more many seats did the Zentrum get in the March 1933 elections than the previous?

How more many seats did the German National Peoples Party get in the March 1933 elections than the previous?

What fraction and number of seats in the Reichstag do you need to change the constitution?

2/3 of the Reichstag or 432 seats

Where did the Reichstag meet after the fire?

Kroll Opera House where a very nationalistic backdrop was used

What parties formed a coalition in the March 1933 elections?

The Nazi Party and the GNPP

How did Hitler achieve a 2/3 majority in the Reichstag?

By banning the Communist party he had 340/566 seats

When did Hitler pass the Enabling Act?

23rd March 1933

What did the Enabling Act achieve?

Allowed Cabinet to legislate which was currently full of Nazis

When were all political parties banned?

14th July 1933

What did Hitler sign with the Pope?

A Concordat meaning Catholics would not interfere with Nazi policies

When were Trade Unions banned in Germany?

2nd May 1933

How did Nazis abolish State GV?

The SA and SS caused street fighting wherever the Nazis lacked control so Hitler could argue the State GVs were not powerful enough to control their people

When did Nazis get control over State GV?

31 March 1933

Who did Hitler put in charge of State GV?

Gauleighters

When was the Law for Reconstruction of the Reich passed?

30th January 1934

What did the Law for Reconstruction of the Reich achieve?

Ended State Parliaments and the Reichsrat

What made Hitler a bad leader?

He didn't allow debate, was very lazy and was too focused on details and micro-managing

During WW2 how did Hitler lead?

He remained in a small office in the Bavarian Alps rather than leading on the frontlines of Berlin

How many times did Cabinet meet in 1936 compared to 1933?

4 times in 1936 to 72 times in 1933

When was the last time Cabinet met?

1938

What position did Hugenburg hold in Cabinet?

Economics Minister

When did Hugenburg resign from Cabinet?

29th June 1933

What is 3 examples of Hitler being a good strategist?

The remilitarisation of the Rhineland in 1935 which opposed the views of military leaders Use of Blitzkrieg against France in 1940 Improvements made upon the Schlieffen Plan

What kind of policy did Hitler run?

Polycratic divide and rule - leaving big decision to a small group of loyal Nazis

When did Hitler become Fuhrer?

1934

When did Hitler become Chief of armed forces?

1938

Which groups maintained everyday law?

Gestapo and Krupo

How many units were there in the SS in 1938 compared to 1945?

3 units in 1938 to 35 units in 1945

How much of the German press did Hitler control by 1939?

2/3

How did Hitler manage Goebbels effectively?

His propaganda made huge profits and maintain a position of power

When did Rohm join the Nazi Party?

1919

What was unique about Rohm?

He was gay

When did Rohm join Cabinet, and under what Position?

December 1933, Minister without Portfolio

When did Himmler join the Nazi Party?

1923

What group did Himmler control?

The SA

When did Himmler and Goring meet to create their plan?

20th April 1945

What was Himmler and Goring's plan?

To create a dossier on Rohm so Goring would give Himmler the gestapo and Goring could become closer to Hitler

Who was Blomberg?

Loyal Nazi defence secretary who kicked out 74 soldiers out for being Jewish

What happened between Rohm and Blomberg?

Hitler forced Blomberg's control of the army which angered him

When and what was the Margburg Speech?

17th June 1934, von Papen read a speech that slated the Nazi Party making Hitler furious

Who wrote the Marburg Speech and what happened to him?

Edgar Jung, and he was killed in the NotLK

When did Himmler reveal the dossier?

29th June 1934

When was Rohm arrested?

30th June 1934 by Hitler personally

When was the NotLK?

30th June 1934

How many were arrested during the NotLK?

When did Hindenburg die?

2nd August 1934

What does Volksgemeinschaft mean?

Everyone acts in the interest of the collective and should belong to one common identity

When did the NAzis have their first Jewish boycott?

1st April 1933

How was Hitlers Civil Service Law weakened?

Hindenburg stopped Jews that had participated in WW2 being pushed out the civil service

What did the Nuremburg Laws achieve?

Made Jew a much broader title and lifted restrictions on Jewish war veterans

What was the name of the Nazi newspaper?

Der Sturmer

How many copies of Der Sturmer were circulated in 1927 compared to 1938?

14,000 in 1927 compared to 473,000 in 1938