Depressive and Bipolar Disorders Flashcards
Mood disorder
a disturbance in mood
Anhedonia
feeling of little joy or pleasure in anything a person does and lose interest in nearly all activities
Irritability
easy annoyance and touchiness, characterized by an angry mood and temper outbursts
Mania
abnormally elevated or expansive mood, increased goal-directed activity and energy and feelings of euphoria
Euphoria
an exaggerated sense of well being
Bipolar disorder
An ongoing combination of extreme highs and extreme lows, mania and depression
Major depressive disorder (MDD)
minimum duration of 2 weeks and is associated with depressed or irritable mood, loss of interest or pleasure, other symptoms, and significant distress or impairment in functioning
Persistent depressive disorder (P-DD)/dysthymia
depressed or irritable mood, generally fewer, less severe, but longer lasting symptoms, and significant impairment in functioning
- a year or more in children
- also display at least 2 somatic or cognitive symptoms
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)
chronic, severe persistent irritability; (1)frequent and severe temper outbursts the are extreme overreactions to the situation or provocation; and (2) chronic, persistently irritable or angry mood that is present between the severe temper outbursts
Double depression
when MDD is superimposed on the child’s previous P-DD, causing the child to present with both disorders
Depressive ruminative style
to focus narrowly and passively on negative events for long periods of time
Depressogenic cognitions
negative perceptual and attributional styles and beliefs associated with depressive symptoms
Hopelessness theory
proposes that depression-prone indivs tend to make internal, stable, and global attributions to explain the causes of negative events
Negative cognitive schemata
stable structures in memory that guide information processing, including self-critical beliefs and attitudes
Negative cognitive triad
negative views about oneself, the world, and the future
Diathesis-stress model of depression
the occurrence of depression depends on the interaction between the youngsters personal vulnerability (diathesis) and life stress
Emotional regulation
refers to the processes by which emotional arousal is redirected, controlled, or modified to facilitate adaptive functioning and the balance maintained among positive, negative, and neutral mood states
Co-rumination
a negative form of self-disclosure and discussion between peers focused narrowly on problems or emotions to the exclusion of other activities or dialogue
Dysphoria
a state of prolonged bouts of sadness
