Depression Flashcards
TRUE or FALSE: the DSM IV-TR is very different from the DSM 5
FALSE: they are very similar
What is major depressive disorder characterized by?
one or more major depressive episodes
How is major depressive order distinct from bipolar disorder?
bipolar disorder is characterized by manic episodes, whereas major depressive disorder is characterized by major depressive episodes
How is DSM 5 different from DSM IV-TR? Provide an example.
- added specifier “with mixed features”
- e.g. coexistence within a major depressive episode of at least 3 MANIC symptoms is now acknowledged by the specifier “with mixed features”
Define mania.
distinct period of abnormal persistent elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, lasting at least 1 week (or any duration if hospitalization is necessary)
List the diagnostic criteria of mania? How many must persist in order to diagnose mania?
- inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
- decreased need for sleep (e.g. feels rested after only 3 hours of sleep)
- more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking
- flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing
- distractibility
- increase in goal-directed activity (socially, at work or school, or sexually)
- excessive involvement in pleasurable maladaptive activities (e.g. unrestrained buying sprees, promiscuity, foolish business investments)
- 3 (or more) must persist (4 if the mood is only irritable) and have been present to a significant degree
what is the diagnostic criteria for depression?
- presence of one or more episodes
- not accounted for by another specific disorder
- there have never been any episodes of manic or mixed mood states
- an episode is over if no occurrence of depressed mood for 2 months
What is the lifetime risk of depression for women and men?
- women: 10-25%
- men: 5-12%
What is the point prevalence of depression for adults (women and men)?
- women: 5-9%
- men: 2-3%
What is one theory for the genetic component in depression? From what kind of studies does the evidence come from?
- evidence from family and twin studies
- may follow maternal heritability pattern
First-degree biological relatives have a ____ to ____ x risk of depression.
1.5 to 3.0x risk
TRUE or FALSE: depression may begin at any age
TRUE
What is the average age of onset of depression?
mid-20s
Within what age range is depression at its highest rate?
25-44 years
Within what age range is depression at its lowest rates?
over 65 years