dentition

Question 1

What is the crown and distinguish between the clinical and anatomical crown

Answer 1

crown is the segment of the tooth encased in enamel

clinical: exposed part of the tooth despite its structure
anatomical: enamel covered part regardless of location

Question 2

how might the location of the crown differ between carnivores and herbivores?

Answer 2

herbivores: enamel covered portions of the tooth encased below gingiva which are to be extruded gradually as the occlussal surface is lost

Question 3

what type of teeth do herbivores have?

Answer 3

high crown: hypsodont

Question 4

the enamel is acellular. T or F.

Answer 4

T

Question 5

the enamel is of ectoderm origin. T or F

Answer 5

T

Question 6

The enamel is able to regenerate. T or F

Answer 6

F

Question 7

Name the softest component of the tooth

Answer 7

cement

Question 8

what is the function of cementum

Answer 8

fastens tooth to socket

Question 9

how is cementum attached to the periodontal ligament

Answer 9

collagen fibers

Question 10

what are the cells that comprise dentine and where are they found

Answer 10

odontoblasts; surface layer of pulp

Question 11

what is the function of odontoblasts

Answer 11

create dentine and therefore secondary dentine

Question 12

what may accelerate the conversion of odontoblasts into dentine

Answer 12

exposure of the pulp will acclerate production of dentine forming secondary dentine which is a darker colour than primary dentine

Question 13

the pulp is highly vascularised and margined by the odontoblast layer. T or F

Answer 13

T

Question 14

describe the function of the peridontal ligament

Answer 14

suspends the tooth in a sling allowing for some mobility during mastication

Question 15

name the attachment points of the peridontal ligaments

Answer 15

alveolar bone

cementum

Question 16

What innervated the upper teeth?

Answer 16

infraorbital nerve

Question 17

what innervates the lower teeth?

Answer 17

inferior alveolar nerve

Question 18

list the stages involved in temporary tooth eruption

Answer 18

1. root growth
2. bone growth
3. pulpal proliferation
4. tissue pressure
5. peridontal traction

Question 19

at what stage do the temporary teeth erupt

Answer 19

once enamel formation is complete (Root still forming)

Question 20

what facilitated the movement of the tooth during eruption?

Answer 20

loosening of connective tissue and guided by lamina and epithelium

Question 21

how is infection prevented during the eruption of temporary teeth?

Answer 21

epithelial coversing over the unerupted crown

Question 22

which teeth are only present in the permanent set?

Answer 22

molars and 1st premolar

Question 23

how do the permanent teeth induce shedding of the temporary teeth?

Answer 23

permanent tooth presses on the root of the temporary –> resorption –> loosens attachment increasing mobility –> shedding

Question 24

how are teeth able to migrate within the maxilla and mandibles?

Answer 24

erosion of the roof and walls of the boney crypts followed by remodelling of bone once the tooth has migrated

Question 25

define hypsodont and name an animal with this style of dentition

Answer 25

horses and ruminants

high crowned teeth with delayed development of roots

Question 26

define diphyodont

Answer 26

animals who possess two sets of teeth: temporary and permanent

Question 27

define bunodont

Answer 27

teeth with separate and rounded cusps

Question 28

define secodont

Answer 28

teeth that are adapted to cutting

Question 29

which teeth are absent in the cat and why?

Answer 29

M2 and M3

little crushing required in many cat diets

Question 30

Describe the general for the number of roots each type of tooth will posses

Answer 30

incisors: 1
canines: 1
1st premolar: 1
next 2 premolars: 2 roots
next 3 molars: 3 roots

Question 31

define centric occlusion

Answer 31

involves increased muscular activity resulting in bringing the teeth into extensive contact

Question 32

lower teeth are mesially positioned to the upper teeth. T or F

Answer 32

T

Question 33

Describe how the teeth of the dog sit relative to each other during rest

Answer 33

1. P4 engaged with M1
2. teeth in front of carnassials do not engage leaving a gap
3. cheek teeth extensive contact
   lower canine engages in front of upper canine to occupy the space between the upper canine and 3rd incisor