Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm Y2S2 > Dental Hygiene > Flashcards

Dental Hygiene Flashcards

1
Q

What is a plaque?

A

A biofilm generally due to strep bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is periodontitis?

A

Inflammation of the gum

Toxins can form pockets below surface of gums, damaging muscle fibres, causing tooth to become mobile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

Reversible inflammation of the gum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why do caries occur?

A

When both bacteria and sugar are present, loss of CaPO4 occurs due to acid production in the bacterial breakdown of sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why does bacteria accumulate?

A

Shielding from shear forces on the approximal and fissure surfaces of teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are pellicles?

A

Thin films of glycoproteins on teeth and gums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do cavities form?

A

Bacteria attach to pellicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the main feature of S oralis?

A

Bridging species allowing multiple types of bacteria to attach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are early caries?

A

Small white spots of demineralisation that are reversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is erosion?

A

Demineralisation due to gastric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which bacteria are acid tolerant?

A

Mutans streptococci and lactobacilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kind of bacteria cause periodontitis?

A

Gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What kind of bacteria cause caries?

A

Gram positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is veillonella useful?

A

Breakdown lactic acid for its own use, reducing risk of caries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is necrotising periodontitis?

A

Underlying systemic infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the features of necrotising periodontitis?

A

Severe pain
Halitosis
Grey pseudomembrane on gingivae

17
Q

What bacteria is associated with necrotising periodontitis?

A

Aggregatibacter leukotoxin
Spriochaetes
Fusebacteria

18
Q

What is aggressive periodontitis?

A

Potentially inherited neutrophil disorder

19
Q

What antibiotics are used in aggressive periodontitis?

A

Amoxicillin
Metronidazole
Tetracycline

20
Q

What can predispose to aggressive periodontitis?

A

Diabetes, impaired healing
HIV, presence of opportunistic pathogens
Group A strep infections

21
Q

Give examples of mechanical plaque control.

A

Brushing

Flossing

22
Q

What antibiotic is used as dental prophylaxis?

A

Metronidazole

23
Q

What are the features of fluoride?

A

Found in water supplies at 1ppm concentration
Influences remineralisation
Can inhibit metabolism of plaque forming bacteria

24
Q

What is the main ideal feature of antimicrobials in oral health products?

A

Should bind to mucosa due to short contact time

25
Q

What is substantivity?

A

Ability of agents to be adsorbed to the mouth and slowly released back and redistributed around the mouth

26
Q

What forms is chlorhexidine available in?

A

Mouthwash
Gel
Varnish

27
Q

What is chlorhexidine?

A

Broadspectrum antimicrobial

Mutans strep is very sensitive

28
Q

What is triclosan?

A

Borad spectrum phenol

Inhibits gram negative anaerobes

29
Q

What is the mode of action of triclosan?

A

Zinc inhibits sugar acid production

Inhibits fatty acid metabolism

30
Q

What do dextranases and glucanases do?

A

Modify plaque

31
Q

What do glucose oxidase and amyloglucosidase do?

A

Boost the salivary peroxidase system

32
Q

How does quaternary ammonium improve oral health?

A

Inhibits glycan synthesis disrupting membrane integrity

33
Q

How do metal ions improve oral health?

A

Inhibit bacterial glycolysis
Zinc lactate inhibits VSC synthesis
Stannous fluoride inhibits caries

34
Q

How does arginine improve oral health?

A

Salts increase pH of the mouth

Blocks dental tubules

35
Q

What can be used as oral probiotics?

A

Non pathogenic mutans streptococci

36
Q

How do essential oils improve oral health?

A

Disrupt cell membranes

Pharm Y2S2 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions