Demonstration of Bacteria

Question 1

Composition of stains?

Answer 1

• Negative ion
• Positive ion

Question 2

It combines with the cellular elements that are acidic in nature?

Answer 2

Cationic/Basic

Question 3

Examples of Cationic/Basic dyes?

Answer 3

Crystal violet, Methylene blue, Malachite green and Safranin

Question 4

It combine with the cytoplasmic components of the cells that are alkaline in nature.

Answer 4

Acid fuchsin, Eosin, Nigrosine

Question 5

Use of ONE DYE for ALL cells are stained with the SAME COLOR

Answer 5

Simple stains

Question 6

It distinguish TWO kinds of microorganisms

Answer 6

Differential Stains

Question 7

Example of Simple Stains

Answer 7

Methylene blue, Crystal violet, Safranin, Carbol fuchsin

Question 8

Example of DIFFERENTIAL STAINS?

Answer 8

Gram stain and Acid-fast stain

Question 9

It highlights specific cell structures

Answer 9

Special Stains

Question 10

It is commonly used stain that helps us see microscopic life in brilliant color.

Answer 10

Methylene blue staining

Question 11

It shows the characteristic morphology of polymorphs, lymphocytes and other cells more clearly.

Answer 11

Methylene blue staining

Question 12

First devise by histologist Hans Christian Gram in 1884 as a method of staining bacteria in tissues.

Answer 12

Gram Staining

Question 13

Primary Stain in Gram Staining?

Answer 13

Crystal Violet

Question 14

Mordant in Gram Staining?

Answer 14

Lugol’s Iodine

Question 15

Decolorizer in Gram-Staining?

Answer 15

Acetone-Alcohol

Question 16

Counterstain in Gram-Staining?

Answer 16

Safranin

Question 17

Applications of Gram Stain

Answer 17

• It is important therapeutically
• Sometimes diagnostic

Question 18

It was first introduced by Paul Ehrlich in 1882.

Answer 18

Acid-fast staining

Question 19

Primary stain of acid-fast staining?

Answer 19

Carbol fuchsin

Question 20

Mordant of acid-fast staining?

Answer 20

Heat

Question 21

Decolorizer of acid-fast staining?

Answer 21

Acid-alcohol

Question 22

Counterstain of acid-fast staining?

Answer 22

Methylene blue

Question 23

It enables the acid-fast bacteria to retain the color of the primary stain (carbol fuchsin) because they contain?

Answer 23

Mycolic acid

Question 24

A waxy substance that does not allow the decolorizer to enter into the cell wall due to its waxy nature.

Answer 24

Mycolic acid

Question 25

Preparing colorless bacteria against a colored background?

Answer 25

Negative stain

Question 26

Negative stain is a type of capsule staining that is a?

Answer 26

Special stain

Question 27

- The endospore are stained with malachite green; heat is used to provide stain penetration. - The rest of the cell is then decolorized, and counter stained a light red safranin.

Answer 27

Endospore Staining

Question 28

Rendered visible if they are thickened by impregnation of silver on the surface, so that they become visible under ordinary microscope.

Answer 28

Special Stain: Impregnation Methods

Question 29

Uses of microscope?

Answer 29

- Initial detection of microbes - Preliminary or definitive identification of microbes

Question 30

It refers to the use of any kind of microscope that uses VISIBLE LIGHT to observe specimens.

Answer 30

Light microscopy

Question 31

The most common type of light microscope, and the easiest to use and evenly illuminates the field of view?

Answer 31

Bright-field microscopy

Question 32

- It uses a dark-field condenser that contain an opaque disk.

Answer 32

Dark-field microscopy

Question 33

In this microscope, 1 set of light rays comes directly from the light source. While, the other set comes from light that is reflected or diffracted from a particular structure in the specimen.

Answer 33

Phase-contrast microscopy

Question 34

It takes advantage of the ability of substance to absorb short wavelengths of light and give off light at a longer wavelength.

Answer 34

Fluorescent microscopy

Question 35

A diagnostic techniques; employs for detection of antigen (direct fluorescent antibody technique)

Answer 35

Fluorescent antibody technique

Question 36

Diagnostic technique; employed for detection of antibodies

Answer 36

Indirect fluorescent antibody methods

Question 37

Lenses focus a laser beam to illuminate a givent point on one vertical plane of a specimen.

Answer 37

Confocal microscopy

Question 38

1. To obtain 3D images 2. To evaluate cellular physiology

Answer 38

Uses of Confocal Microscopy

Question 39

- It used electromagnetic lenses, electrons, and a fluorescent screen to produce the magnified image.

Answer 39

Electron microscopy

Question 40

- Electrons pass through the specimen and are scattered. - Magnetic lenses focus the image onto a fluorescent screen or photographic plate.

Answer 40

Transmission electron microscopy

Question 41

- Primary electrons sweep across the specimen and knock electrons from its surface. - These secondary electrons are picked up by a collector, amplified, and transmitted onto a viewing screen or photographic plate.

Answer 41

Scanning electron microscopy

Question 42

- It map the bumps and valleys of a surface on an atomic scale. - Their resolving power is much greater than the electron microscope, and the samples do not need special preparation as they do for electron microscopy.

Answer 42

Scanning-probe microcopy

Question 43

They are used to provide incredibly detailed views of molecules such as DNA.

Answer 43

Scanning tunneling microscopy

Question 44

They produce 3D images of the surface of a molecule.

Answer 44

Atomic force microscopy