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VMCB 121 > Demonstration of Bacteria > Flashcards

Demonstration of Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Composition of stains?

A
  • Negative ion
  • Positive ion
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2
Q

It combines with the cellular elements that are acidic in nature?

A

Cationic/Basic

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3
Q

Examples of Cationic/Basic dyes?

A

Crystal violet, Methylene blue, Malachite green and Safranin

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4
Q

It combine with the cytoplasmic components of the cells that are alkaline in nature.

A

Acid fuchsin, Eosin, Nigrosine

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5
Q

Use of ONE DYE for ALL cells are stained with the SAME COLOR

A

Simple stains

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6
Q

It distinguish TWO kinds of microorganisms

A

Differential Stains

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7
Q

Example of Simple Stains

A

Methylene blue, Crystal violet, Safranin, Carbol fuchsin

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8
Q

Example of DIFFERENTIAL STAINS?

A

Gram stain and Acid-fast stain

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9
Q

It highlights specific cell structures

A

Special Stains

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10
Q

It is commonly used stain that helps us see microscopic life in brilliant color.

A

Methylene blue staining

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11
Q

It shows the characteristic morphology of polymorphs, lymphocytes and other cells more clearly.

A

Methylene blue staining

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12
Q

First devise by histologist Hans Christian Gram in 1884 as a method of staining bacteria in tissues.

A

Gram Staining

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13
Q

Primary Stain in Gram Staining?

A

Crystal Violet

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14
Q

Mordant in Gram Staining?

A

Lugol’s Iodine

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15
Q

Decolorizer in Gram-Staining?

A

Acetone-Alcohol

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16
Q

Counterstain in Gram-Staining?

A

Safranin

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17
Q

Applications of Gram Stain

A
  • It is important therapeutically
  • Sometimes diagnostic
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18
Q

It was first introduced by Paul Ehrlich in 1882.

A

Acid-fast staining

19
Q

Primary stain of acid-fast staining?

A

Carbol fuchsin

20
Q

Mordant of acid-fast staining?

A

Heat

21
Q

Decolorizer of acid-fast staining?

A

Acid-alcohol

22
Q

Counterstain of acid-fast staining?

A

Methylene blue

23
Q

It enables the acid-fast bacteria to retain the color of the primary stain (carbol fuchsin) because they contain?

A

Mycolic acid

24
Q

A waxy substance that does not allow the decolorizer to enter into the cell wall due to its waxy nature.

A

Mycolic acid

25
Q

Preparing colorless bacteria against a colored background?

A

Negative stain

26
Q

Negative stain is a type of capsule staining that is a?

A

Special stain

27
Q
  • The endospore are stained with malachite green; heat is used to provide stain penetration.
  • The rest of the cell is then decolorized, and counter stained a light red safranin.
A

Endospore Staining

28
Q

Rendered visible if they are thickened by impregnation of silver on the surface, so that they become visible under ordinary microscope.

A

Special Stain: Impregnation Methods

29
Q

Uses of microscope?

A
  • Initial detection of microbes
  • Preliminary or definitive identification of microbes
30
Q

It refers to the use of any kind of microscope that uses VISIBLE LIGHT to observe specimens.

A

Light microscopy

31
Q

The most common type of light microscope, and the easiest to use and evenly illuminates the field of view?

A

Bright-field microscopy

32
Q
  • It uses a dark-field condenser that contain an opaque disk.
A

Dark-field microscopy

33
Q

In this microscope, 1 set of light rays comes directly from the light source. While, the other set comes from light that is reflected or diffracted from a particular structure in the specimen.

A

Phase-contrast microscopy

34
Q

It takes advantage of the ability of substance to absorb short wavelengths of light and give off light at a longer wavelength.

A

Fluorescent microscopy

35
Q

A diagnostic techniques; employs for detection of antigen (direct fluorescent antibody technique)

A

Fluorescent antibody technique

36
Q

Diagnostic technique; employed for detection of antibodies

A

Indirect fluorescent antibody methods

37
Q

Lenses focus a laser beam to illuminate a givent point on one vertical plane of a specimen.

A

Confocal microscopy

38
Q
  1. To obtain 3D images
  2. To evaluate cellular physiology
A

Uses of Confocal Microscopy

39
Q
  • It used electromagnetic lenses, electrons, and a fluorescent screen to produce the magnified image.
A

Electron microscopy

40
Q
  • Electrons pass through the specimen and are scattered.
  • Magnetic lenses focus the image onto a fluorescent screen or photographic plate.
A

Transmission electron microscopy

41
Q
  • Primary electrons sweep across the specimen and knock electrons from its surface.
  • These secondary electrons are picked up by a collector, amplified, and transmitted onto a viewing screen or photographic plate.
A

Scanning electron microscopy

42
Q
  • It map the bumps and valleys of a surface on an atomic scale.
  • Their resolving power is much greater than the electron microscope, and the samples do not need special preparation as they do for electron microscopy.
A

Scanning-probe microcopy

43
Q

They are used to provide incredibly detailed views of molecules such as DNA.

A

Scanning tunneling microscopy

44
Q

They produce 3D images of the surface of a molecule.

A

Atomic force microscopy

VMCB 121 (6 decks)

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