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VMCB 121 > Bacterial Taxonomy > Flashcards

Bacterial Taxonomy Flashcards

1
Q

Science that studies organisms in order to arrange them into groups; those organisms with similar properties are grouped together and separated from those that are different.

A

Taxonomy

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2
Q

The process of arranging organisms into similar or related groups, primarily to provide easy identification and study.

A

Classification

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3
Q

The process of characterizing organisms.

A

Identification

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4
Q

The system of assigning of names to organisms.

A

Nomenclature

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5
Q

He proposed that the bacteria be placed in a plant kingdom in 1857?

A

Carl von Nageli

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6
Q

He proposed a mechanism for the theory of evolution in 1859.

A

Charles Darwin

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7
Q

He proposed the Kingdom Protista to include both organisms lacking a nucleus and simple nucleated organisms.

A

Ernst Haeckel

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8
Q

Introduced the term prokaryote to distinguish cells with no nucleus?

A

Edward Chatton

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9
Q

He provided the current definition of prokaryotes.

A

Rofer Stanier

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10
Q

Most widely accepted system proposed by RH Whittaker in 1969.

A

Five-Kingdom System

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11
Q

What are the five-kingdom systems?

A
  1. Plantae
  2. Animalia
  3. Fungi
  4. Protista
  5. Prokaryotae
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12
Q

What are the three-domain system?

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Archaea
  3. Eukarya
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13
Q

The system is based on the work of Carl Woese and colleagues and who compared the sequences of nucleotide bases in ribosomal RNA from a wide variety of organisms.

A

3-domain system

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14
Q

He introduced the binomial system of nomenclature.

A

Carlos Linnaeus

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15
Q

Highest level, he divided all living things into 2 kingdoms?

A

Plant
Animal

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16
Q

Bacterial Nomenclature is governed by an international code prepared by the?

A

International Committee on Systemic Bacteriology

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17
Q

The approved lists of Bacterial Names in?

A

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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18
Q

It varies from country to country and is in the local language?

A

Casual or common name

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19
Q

This name is same throughout the world.
First name: genus
Second name: the specific epithet

A

Specific or International Name

20
Q

Taxonomic ranks in ascending order?

A
  1. Species
  2. Genus
  3. Family
  4. Order
  5. Class
  6. Kingdom
21
Q

It is the standard taxonomical unit in biology?

A

Species

22
Q

Bacterial species were originally based on?

A

Phenotypic and genotypic differences

23
Q

It is a collection of strains that share many stable properties and differ significantly from other groups of strains.

A

Bacterial species

24
Q

It is a population of organisms that descends from a single organism or pure culture isolate.

A

Strain

25
Q

Strains that differ biochemically or physiologically?

A

Biovars

26
Q

Strains that differ morphologically?

A

Morphovars

27
Q

Strains that differ in antigenic properties?

A

Serovars

28
Q

It provides identification schemes for identifying bacteria and archaea.

A

Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology

29
Q

It provides phylogenetic information on bacteria and archaea

A

Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology

30
Q

It is useful for identifying eukaryotes

A

Morphological characteristics

31
Q

Gram staining and acid-fast staining

A

Differential staining

32
Q

It determines presence of bacterial enyzmes.

A

Biochemical tests

33
Q

Classification within the species.

A

Intraspecies classification

34
Q

Involves reactions of microorganisms with specific antibodies?

A

Serology or serotyping

35
Q

Identification of bacteria species and strains by determining their susceptibility to various phages?

A

Phage Typing

36
Q

It group organism together based on overall similarity of phenotypes

A

Phenetic systems/Adansonian Classification

37
Q

Treelike diagram, used to display the results of numerical taxonomic analysis

A

Dendogram

38
Q

Phenoms with ____ similarity often are equivalent to bacterial species.

A

80%

39
Q

Involves placing organisms in a clade with their common ancestor?

A

Phylogenetic Classification

40
Q

It is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence?

A

DNA Sequencing

41
Q

It uses next-generation sequencing to reveal the presence and quantity of RNA in a biological sample at a given moment, analyzing the continuously changing cellular transcriptome.

A

RNA Sequencing

42
Q

Number and sizes of DNA fragments produced by RE digests are used to determine genetic similarities?

A

DNA fingerprinting

43
Q

SA technique in which single-stranded nucleic acids, DNAs or RNAs, are allowed to interct.

A

Nucleic Acid Hybridization

44
Q
A
45
Q
A

VMCB 121 (6 decks)

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