Demography- Migration and globalisation

Question 1

What is an asylum seeker?

Answer 1

Someone who says they are a refugee, but whose claim has not yet been definitively evaluated

Question 2

What is common wealth?

Answer 2

A voluntary group of independent countries, some of which were former British colonies

Question 3

What is an economic migrant?

Answer 3

A person who travels from one country or area to another in order to improve their standard of living

Question 4

What is the European union?

Answer 4

A group of countries which work together in fields such as the environment, social issues, the economy and trade

Question 5

What is a refugee?

Answer 5

A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution or natural disaster

Question 6

What is emigration?

Answer 6

Leaving your homeland to live in another country

Question 7

What is immigration?

Answer 7

Coming to another country to live there

Question 8

What is migration?

Answer 8

The movement of one place to another

Question 9

What is the percentage of white ethnicities in the population?

Answer 9

81%

Question 10

What is the percentage of ethnic minority groups in the UK

Answer 10

19%

Question 11

What does Vertovec believe?

Answer 11

Because of globalisation we now have a ‘super diversity’ as migrants come from a much wider range of countries rather than just a narrow range of former British colonies

Question 12

Migration

Answer 12

Many factors contribute to the changing ethnic composition
-ageing, fertility, mortality, migration
- changes in the way people self-identify between censuses

Question 13

What has the population been projected to grow by?

Answer 13

3.9 million
- negative natural change
(more deaths than births)
- more people entering the country (migration) than leaving (emigrating)

Question 14

What are some migration push factors?

Answer 14

X war
X corruption
X high crime
X poverty
X family conflict
X discrimination
X lack of services/safety
X low employment/financial
X natural disaster
X poor healthcare

Question 15

What are some migration pull factors?

Answer 15

• job opportunities (high employment)
• better education/healthcare
• higher living standards
• NHS
• fertile land
• safety/values/culture
• politics/democracy
• cheaper/economically stable
• family

Question 16

What is happening to NET migration?

Answer 16

It is increasing as
positive- more people coming in
negative- more people leaving

Question 17

How do you calculate NET migration?

Answer 17

total immigration - total emigration

Question 18

Patterns in migration

Answer 18

1950s- South Asian and Caribbean encouraged to come to help rebuild the country after the war
2002 & 2007- NET reached its peak from countries that joined the EU
(Hungary, Poland)

Question 19

What has the impact of legislation had on immigration/emigration?

Answer 19

1960- restricted immigration from SA and the Carib
1999- Immigration and Asylum act, tougher for asylum seekers to settle in the UK
2008- Polish workers originally came to the UK because of the booming economy, returned once theirs started to recover

Question 20

What is Brexit?

Answer 20

Leaving the EU

Question 21

What is the immigration points system?

Answer 21

Makes it harder for people to migrate as they require specific skills and circumstances in order for them to migrate into the country legally
- job offer from approved employer
- able to speak English
- better qualifications

Question 22

What is globalisation?

Answer 22

The creation of one world culture
- happening due to the developments in technology and world travel
‘one world society’

Question 23

What is one negative consequence of globalisation?

Answer 23

Human trafficking
500,000-800,000 undocumented workers (illegal immigrants)
illegal transportation

Question 24

What is human trafficking?

Answer 24

The movement of a person from one place to another int0 conditions of exploitation using the advantage of power, deception or vulnerability

Question 25

What are some reasons for people being trafficked?

Answer 25

• sexual exploitation
• forced labour
• domestic servitude
• organ harvesting
• child trafficking

Question 26

Why do people refer to it as a form of modern day slavery?

Answer 26

People are being held against their will and forced to carry out tasks/acts that they did not consent to
- lack of/no freedom

Question 27

How does human trafficking impact family life?

Answer 27

It splits them up, those who cannot legally live in the country will be taken advantage of their vulnerability
- trick these people into giving them their passports, work for them
Emotional strain
- separation, people unaware at home n don’t know where they are
Relationships within family
- domestic servitude, nanny looks after children, W free

Question 28

What impact has globalisation and immigration had on birth and fertility?

Answer 28

• value marriage and children more, X use contraception
• increase in UK birth rate as migrant women are more likely to have larger families
• female migrants usually younger, more likely to start a family

Question 29

What impact has globalisation and migration had on family diversity?

Answer 29

Caribbean- lone parent families, less marriage, MATRIFOCAL
SA families are nuclear, high proportion of multigenerational households (extended families)
- marriage more common, W housewife role, duty of care to extended relatives

Question 30

What does Victor say about the impact globalisation and migration had on family diversity?

Answer 30

Elderly are less sure they will be cared for by their children

Question 31

What is the feminisation of migration?

Answer 31

Increase in the number of women migrating 1/2 are women

Question 32

What do Ehrenreich and Hochschild say about the feminisation of migration?

Answer 32

Claim care work, domestic work and sex work in the UK and USA is increasingly done by women from poorer countries
- transference of emotional labour

Question 33

Reasons for the feminisation of migration?

Answer 33

1) more service sector jobs which increasing employ women
2) Western women are in the workforce and have less time for domestic work
3) a lack of adequate affordable state childcare

Question 34

What is a global transfer of emotional labour?

Answer 34

Migrant nannies providing care ad affection for their employer’s children at the expense of their own
- form a strong relationship, more than parent or their own child

Question 35

What are other consequences of increasing globalisation and migration on the family?

Answer 35

• Labour saving devices (technology)
• shared households of colleagues (accommodation)
• one person households less likely, LATs increase

Question 36

Breaking up of families

Answer 36

Strict rules about immigrants bringing family members to the UK
- minimum income requirement must be met before family members can join workers in the UK

Question 37

Outline and explain different points to be made

Answer 37

• feminisation of migration
• increase in LATs
• more choice of family structure
• technological developments
• greater acceptance of alternative living arrangements (same sex) (material monogamy)

Question 38

Outline and Explain 2 ways globalisation has impacted on experiences in family life in the UK

Answer 38

P1- Increased cultural diversity leading to changes in birth rate
E- different values on marriage and family, W larger families, younger
E/L- SA culture housewife role, larger family sizes
?/
P2- Feminisation of migration leading to global transfer of emotional labour
E- W trafficked, used as domestic servitude, close relationship with employer’s child , closer than parent n their won children
E/L- Ehrenreich and Hochschild, W from poorer countries to care and domestic work, build closer bong with child, mother doesn’t have time