Demography - Globalisation and Migration

Question 1

How has globalisation impacted migration?

Answer 1

1) . Acceleration.
2) . Differentiation.
3) . Feminisation of migration.

Question 2

What globalisation refer to?

Answer 2

The disappearance of barriers between societies has led to increased interconnectedness between nationalities.

Question 3

How has globalisation accelerated migration?

Answer 3

United Nations - between 2000 and 2013 =

• International migration = increased by 33%..

Question 4

What is meant by differentiation of migrants?

Answer 4

Many different types of migrants:

• Permanent settlers.
• Temporary workers.
• Asylum seekers.
• Spouses.

Some enter illegally.

Question 5

What is an example of globalisation increasing the diversity of migration?

Answer 5

Students in the UK (2014) =

• 26% Chinese-born postgraduates.
• 23% UK-born postgraduates.

Question 6

Before the 1990s, where did UK immigrants mainly come from?

Answer 6

Former British colonies.

Question 7

What is meant by ‘super-diversity’?

Answer 7

Vertovec (2007) - From the 1900s:

• migrants now come from a wider range of countries.
• they differ between their legal status’ (e.g. spouse or citizen).

Question 8

What different types of class differences between migrants does Cohen (2006) distinguish?

Answer 8

1). Citizens =

have full rights (e.g. voting rights).

2). Denizens =

privileged foreign nationals (e.g. billionaires).

3). Helots =

exploited labour workers who are found in poorly paid, unskilled jobs.

Question 9

What percentage of global migrants are female?

Answer 9

Almost 1/2.

Question 10

What has the globalised feminisation of migrants resulted in?

Answer 10

The globalisation of the gender division of labour =

• female migrants given stereotyped roles as carers or providers of sexual services.

Question 11

What does Shutes (2011) find about adult care nurses in the UK?

Answer 11

40% are migrants, mostly females.

Question 12

What is a reason for migrants women doing stereotypical roles?

Answer 12

Western women are more liberated =

• they are in paid work and undertake domestic labour, so migrants perform the unwanted roles.

Question 13

What is meant by migrant identities?

Answer 13

Migrants may develop ‘hybrid identities’ =

• identities from 2+ sources (e.g. country of origin, ethnicity, country they live in).
• may find others accuse them of ‘not fitting in’.

Question 14

Who discussed transnational identities?

Answer 14

Erikson (2007).

Question 15

What is meant by a transnational identity?

Answer 15

As globalisation creates a back-and-forth movement of people:

• instead of migrants seeing themselves as belonging to a particular country, they have identities in many countries.

Question 16

What helps migrants maintain a transnational identity?

Answer 16

Modern technology =

• allows global ties to be sustained without having to travel.