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family—>sociology aqa a level- ellie ashby > demography > Flashcards

demography Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is birth rate?

A

the number of live births per 1000 of the population per year

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2
Q

what is the general trend in birth rate?

A

decline

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3
Q

Why is birth rate declining?

A

contraception is more available.
women’s role is changing.
decreasing infant mortality rate.
growth of child centeredness.
economic factors.

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4
Q

what is total fertility rate?

A

the average number of children a woman will have during her child bearing years.

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5
Q

what are a woman’s child bearing years?

A

15-45 years of age

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6
Q

what is the trend in total fertility rate?

A

decline

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7
Q

why is there a decline in total fertility rate?

A

contraception is available.
women delaying pregnancy.
changing social attitudes to motherhood and pregnancy.

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8
Q

What is death rate?

A

the number of deaths per 1000 of the population per year

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9
Q

what is the trend in death rates?

A

declining

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10
Q

Why is the death rate decreasing?

A

improved nutrition.
better healthcare.
improved public health.
decline in dangerous jobs.
life style changes.

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11
Q

what is life expectancy?

A

the average number of years a person can expect to live within a specific culture and gender

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12
Q

what is the trend in life expectancy?

A

increasing

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13
Q

why is life expectancy increasing?

A

decreased infant mortality.
less dangerous working conditions.
better health care and nutrition.
social care facilities.

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14
Q

what is infant mortality rate?

A

the number of deaths of children before their first birthday per 1000 live births per year.

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15
Q

what is the trend in the infant mortality rate?

A

declining

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16
Q

why is the infant mortality rate declining?

A

improved housing and sanitation.
better nutrition.
improved pre and post natal understanding.
improved health of mothers.
improved knowledge of hygiene.

17
Q

what is an ageing population?

A

the extent to which a population, is living longer but are not matched by the number of new births.

18
Q

what is the trend if the ageing population?

A

increasing

19
Q

why is the ageing population widening?

A

increased life expectancy.
declining infant mortality rate.
declining fertility.

20
Q

what are the impacts of the trends of birth rate, total fertility rate, death rate, infant mortality rate, life expectancy and the ageing population?

A

smaller families.
unbalanced dependency ratio.
fewer schools needed.
fewer health and maternity services required.
vanishing children- lonely childhoods.
increasing single person households.
policy changes, like pensions and social housing.

21
Q

what is migration?

A

the movement of peoples from one place to another, it can be the same country or to another.

22
Q

What is the trend in migration?

A

Inceeasing

23
Q

Why is migration increasing?

A

PUSH FACTORS- poverty, war, lack of jobs etc
PULL FACTORS- welfare state, education, standard of living etc
legislation, border control and globalisation

24
Q

what impact does the trend of migration have?

A

cultural diversity, dual heritage and hybrid identities

25
Q

what is the dependency ratio?

A

an age population ratio of those typically not in the labour force and those typically in the labour force.

26
Q

what is ageism?

A

prejudice or discrimination on the grounds of one’s age.

27
Q

What is structural dependency?

A

The process by which some people in society receive an unequal share in the results of social production.

28
Q

What is net migration?

A

the difference in the number of people leaving compared to the number entering a given country.

29
Q

what is immigration?

A

moving into a country that is not your country of origin

30
Q

what is emigration?

A

leaving your country of origin to go to another country.

31
Q

What is globalisation?

A

the growing interconnectedness of cultures and societies around the world, due to technological advances.

family—>sociology aqa a level- ellie ashby (11 decks)

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