Childbearing Flashcards
what is total fertility rate?
the number of children who would be born per 1000 women if they were to pass through the childbearing years bearing children according to a current schedule of age specific fertility rates.
What is general fertility rate?
the total number of live births per 1,000 women of reproductive age in a population per year.
What is birth rate?
the number of live births per 1,000 of the population per year.
What is average family size?
The number of children in the household
what is average household size?
the number of people residing in a single residence.
How has contraception caused the declining fertility and family sizes?
Individuals have greater access to contraception, so they can control the number children they want to have and when they have them.
How has education caused decreasing trends?
Children are no longer an economic asset, full time education, child labour laws.
How has the role of women caused this?
Many women now do not want children or delay having them, to focus on their career.
How has the infant mortality rate caused this?
People no longer need to anticipate their children not surviving infancy, so they can have fewer children.
What is the infant mortality rate statistic?
1990 22.5% before 5th birthday, in 2015 0.5%
How has geographical mobility caused this?
Smaller families can more easily relocate for employment
How have economic factors caused such trends?
Many couples cannot afford children or to have more than one.
How have fertility rates impacted the labour force?
Labour force is reducing as there is not enough young people to fill the gaps being made when individuals retire.
How have fertility rates impacted the dependency rate?
The ratio is becoming unbalanced as we are now in an ageing population.
How have fertility rates impacted immigration?
Immigration becomes necessary to fill the gaps in the labour market
