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AY13 Sociology - Families and Households > Demographics - TYPES OF HOUSEHOLDS > Flashcards

Demographics - TYPES OF HOUSEHOLDS Flashcards

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1
Q

ELDERLY

What age range is considered to be elderly?

A

65+

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2
Q

ELDERLY

What age range is ‘young elderly’?
Describe them.

A

65 - 80

Likely to be more healthy & lead active, independent lifestyles.

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3
Q

ELDERLY

What age range is ‘elderly-elderly’?
Describe them

A

80+

Likely experience chronic illness or disability & dependent on others.

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4
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY COUPLES HOUSEHOLDS

What percentage of the elderly population live in households with their partner?

A

56.8%

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5
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY COUPLE HOUSEHOLDS

What happens when 1 partner falls ill?

A

The other is likely to become the primary carer.

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6
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY COUPLE HOUSEHOLDS

How many of the elderly are essentially carers for their spouses?
Who is it most likely to be?

A

2011 Consensus - 1.3 million

The wife

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7
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY ONE-PERSON HOUSEHOLDS

What percentage of one-person households are composed of the elderly?

A

47%

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8
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY ONE-PERSON HOUSEHOLDS

Of the 47% of one-person households that are composed of the elderly, what percentage is made up of lone women?

A

68%

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9
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY ONE-PERSON HOUSEHOLDS

How many widows are there in the UK compared to widowers?

A

2013 - 1.7 million widows, 3x the number of widowers.

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10
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY ONE-PERSON HOUSEHOLDS

Which single-person households are most likely to be dependent on support from family members?

A

Elderly

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11
Q

ELDERLY
ELDERLY ONE-PERSON HOUSEHOLDS

Why does Chambers believe family support for single-person households may not be available to elderly people in the future?
(3)

A

High levels of geographical mobility - elderly relatives are far from extended family members.

Some women choose not to have children - there will be no next generation to support them in old age.

Same sex couples are less likely to have children.

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12
Q

ELDERLY
EXTENDED FAMILIES

Why does Wall believe the extended family household is in decline?

A

Economic pressure - they may not have the resources to pay for private residential care homes.

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13
Q

ELDERLY
EXTENDED FAMILIES

How is it evident that the extended family household, with children caring for their aged parents, is experiencing a revival?

A

Children may feel obliged to take in parents to avoid feelings of isolation & loneliness, as well as eliminating the risks of living alone at old age.

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14
Q

ELDERLY
EXTENDED FAMILIES

How did extended family households differ between ethnic groups?

A

2011 Consensus - 42% of Asian men & 68% of Asian women aged 85+ lived in extended family households, compared to 12% of white men & 19% of white women of the same age.

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15
Q

ELDERLY
EXTENDED FAMILIES

Why may feminists be concerned about families caring for elderly parents?

A

Daughters are more likely to take responsibility for caring for older parents - 2011 Consensus found 58% of elderly carers are women.

Could lead to disproportionate economic finances & female carers being economically dependent on men.

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16
Q

ELDERLY - EXTENDED FAMILIES
Interactionists may be concerned about families caring for elderly parents as it may alter quality of familial relationships and/or parent-child relationships.
Expand on this.

A

Familial - female careers may be emotionally affected, undermining marriages by feeling resentment for giving up a career.

Parent-child - as their health deteriorates, grandchildren may feel relationship change as parent’s have to put a grandparent first.

17
Q

ELDERLY
BEANPOLE FAMILIES

According to who, what are beanpole families?

A

Brannen

A 4 generational family

18
Q

ELDERLY
BEANPOLE FAMILIES

What are beanpole families less likely to experience? Why?

A

Horizontal intergenerational ties - in the last 20 years, families had less children so children today have less relatives than previously.

19
Q

ELDERLY
BEANPOLE FAMILIES

Who is the ‘pivot’ generation?

A

People whose parents are alive but also have grandchildren (40 - 60 years old typically)

20
Q

ELDERLY
BEANPOLE FAMILIES

What is the name given to people whose parents are alive but also have grandchildren (40 - 60 years old typically)?

A

The ‘pivot’ generation

21
Q

ELDERLY
BEANPOLE FAMILIES

What is one of the difficulties that the ‘pivot’ generation experiences?

A

They constantly need to provide for the elderly members of their families as well as the younger members.

22
Q

ELDERLY
BEANPOLE FAMILIES

What percentage of people in their fifties and sixties are responsible for looking after an elderly parent and grandchildren?

A

10% for both, 20% for just an elderly parent.

23
Q

ELDERLY
GRANDPARENTS

What percentage of the nation’s grandparents look after their grandchildren for an average of 10 hours a week?

How much does this save in childcare costs annually?

A

47% of the nation’s grandparents over 50 (5.8 million people)

£11 billion

24
Q

ELDERLY
ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF AN AGEING POPULATION

Where does the money for pensions come from?

A

Taxes of the workforce

25
Q

ELDERLY
ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF AN AGEING POPULATION

What does an ageing population create?

A

A ‘burden of dependency’ as there will be more elderly dependents in the future but less workers to care for them.

26
Q

ELDERLY
ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF AN AGEING POPULATION

What government problems will the ageing population create in the future?

A

A greater tax burden on a shrinking workforce to pay for the pensions of a fast-growing number of future elderly people.

27
Q

ELDERLY

How much of the UK’s GDP is spent on providing pensions?

A

8%

28
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES

Give evidence to show the growing number of one-parent households.

A

1961 = 2%

2012 = 25%

29
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES

How many single parent families are headed by women?
What year?

A

9% in 2012

30
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES

Give 3 reasons as to why women might find themselves single parents.

A

Widowed
Separated
Choice

31
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES

How many single parent families are headed by teenagers?
What year?

A

2% in 2012

32
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES

Why do NEW RIGHT sociologists claim there are more single mothers?
2

A

They’re more attracted to lone motherhood by the ‘perverse incentive’ of claiming welfare benefits.

In 2013, 650,000 single mothers weren’t in work & dependent on welfare support.

33
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES

Why do FEMINIST sociologist claim there are more single mothers because?

A

More women are confident that they can be/are financially secure without the support of men.

34
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES - New Right

What are children brought up in one parent families more likely to experience?
According to what report?
5

A

The Centre for Social Justice report ‘Fractured Families’ (2013)

Grow up in poorer housing
Experience behavioural problems
Less educational qualifications
More depressive symptoms
Higher levels of smoking, drinking & drugs
35
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES - New Right

What did Flouri and Buchanan (2002) find?
4

A

Studied 17,000 children from families that had experienced separation & divorce.

The removal of a father from families leads to children:
Gaining fewer educational qualifications
Being more likely to be homeless.
Getting in trouble with police
Having less stable romantic relationships later in life.

36
Q

ONE-PARENT FAMILIES - New Right - CRITIQUE

What are critiques of the New Right approach?

(3)

A

Divorces can reduce the likelihood of a child having emotional/behavioural problems.

Many single mothers experience poverty & material hardship despite state benefits & try to protect their kids from poverty by spending less on themselves.

Part of the reason children from one-parent families are more likely to face difficulties is due to issues in wider society, eg negative labelling from social workers, producing a self-fulfilling prophecy.

AY13 Sociology - Families and Households (16 decks)

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