Dementia

Question 1

Dementia cognitive symptoms

Answer 1

~ Memory loss
~ difficulty thinking
~ Language
~ Orientation

Question 2

Dementia non-cognitive symptoms

Answer 2

~ Psychiatric / Behavioural problems
~ difficulty with daily activity

Question 3

Mild-Moderate AD tx

Answer 3

1. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
   DONEPEZIL (neuroleptic malignant syndrome)
   GALATAMINE (STOP if SKIN rash SJS)
   RIVASTIGIME (used in PD. cause GI disturbances, patch available)

Question 4

Moderate-Severe AD tx

Answer 4

NMDA receptor antagonists
Memantine

Question 5

Cholinergic side effects (parasympathomimetic)

Answer 5

DUMB BELLS
Diarrhoea
Urination
Muscle weakness, cramps,
Bronchospasms

Bradycardia
Emesis
Lacrimation
Salivation / sweating

Question 6

Management of non-cognitive symptoms

Answer 6

antipsychotics
~~ for severe non-cognitive symptoms that cause distress or risk to self/others

Question 7

MHRA alert for antipsychotics

Answer 7

risk of stroke and death if used in elderly pt with dementia

Question 8

Extreme violence, aggression, agitation in dementia

Answer 8

Oral benzodiazepines OR antipsychotics
~ IM = haloperidol, olanzapine, lorazepam

Question 9

Dementia with lewy body (Parkinsons disease)

Answer 9

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (Rivastigmine)