dementia Flashcards
what is dementia?
syndrome due to disease of brain usually chronic in nature. disturbance of multiple higher cortical functions
what higher cortical functions are disturbed in dementia?
- memory
- thinking
- orientation
- comprehension
- calculations
- langauge
- judgement
what are some symptoms of dementia?
- disorientation
- memory loss
- difficulty performing familiar tasks
- loss of initiative
- langauge problems
what are some behavioural symptoms of dementia?
- aggression
- restlessness
- wandering
- agitation
- inappropriate behaviour
what are some psychological symptoms of dementia?
- anxiety
- depression
- hallucination
- delusion
what is sundowning syndrome?
confusion/restlessness during late afternoon/early evening
what are some models for dementia?
- model of cognitive disability
- sensory processing model
- MOHO, CMOP
Whats does the sensory processing model identify sensory preferences for?
- sight
- auditory
- touch
- taste
- smell
- movement
what are some common ADL assessments in dementia care?
- modified barthel index
- pool activity levels checklist
- routine task inventory
- AMPS
what are some common cognitive assessments in dementia care?
- MMSE
- rivermead behavioural memory test
- cognitive performance test
what are some common assessments for behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia care?
- rating scale for aggression in elderly (RAGE)
- pain assessment
- cohen mansfield agitation inventory
what are some common enviro assessments in dementia care?
- REIS
- built enviro audit tool
- enviro audit tool (EAT)
what are some principles for intervention with dementia?
- maintain routine and support participation
- provide stimulation
- education and support for caregivers
what are some interventions used for dementia?
- activity prescription
- reality orientation
- sensory
- reminiscence therapy
what are some strategies for dementia to maximise occupational performance in ADLs?
- enviro mod
- compensatory strategies
- caregiver training
what does caregiver training using cognitive and behavioural interventions aim to do?
- use effective supervision
- problem solving
- coping strategies
how can disorientation and wandering be addressed?
creating secure wandering paths and manipulating colours to hide exits, use contrasting colours and signs to cue direction
how can you apply reality orientating techniques?
- activity programs
- communication and social interaction
- enviro cues and design
what does reminiscence therapy involve?
talking about life experiences
what does reminiscence therapy provide a sense of?
- identity
- self-esteem
- facilitates communication skills
what should the OT do during reminiscence therapy?
- encourage informal discussion
- avoid probing
- allow repetition
- encourage talk about happy and sad memories
how does sensory intervention benefit dementia patients?
- short term improvements in behaviour and mood
- improved communication
- facilitates verbal e expression and memory recall
what is validated therapy used for in dementia?
a method of communication with disorientated very old people
what are the four activity levels in the activity profiling for PWD?
- planned
- explanatory
- sensory
- reflex
