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enabling occupational performance > dementia > Flashcards

dementia Flashcards

1
Q

what is dementia?

A

syndrome due to disease of brain usually chronic in nature. disturbance of multiple higher cortical functions

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2
Q

what higher cortical functions are disturbed in dementia?

A
  • memory
  • thinking
  • orientation
  • comprehension
  • calculations
  • langauge
  • judgement
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3
Q

what are some symptoms of dementia?

A
  • disorientation
  • memory loss
  • difficulty performing familiar tasks
  • loss of initiative
  • langauge problems
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4
Q

what are some behavioural symptoms of dementia?

A
  • aggression
  • restlessness
  • wandering
  • agitation
  • inappropriate behaviour
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5
Q

what are some psychological symptoms of dementia?

A
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • hallucination
  • delusion
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6
Q

what is sundowning syndrome?

A

confusion/restlessness during late afternoon/early evening

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7
Q

what are some models for dementia?

A
  • model of cognitive disability
  • sensory processing model
  • MOHO, CMOP
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8
Q

Whats does the sensory processing model identify sensory preferences for?

A
  • sight
  • auditory
  • touch
  • taste
  • smell
  • movement
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9
Q

what are some common ADL assessments in dementia care?

A
  • modified barthel index
  • pool activity levels checklist
  • routine task inventory
  • AMPS
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10
Q

what are some common cognitive assessments in dementia care?

A
  • MMSE
  • rivermead behavioural memory test
  • cognitive performance test
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11
Q

what are some common assessments for behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia care?

A
  • rating scale for aggression in elderly (RAGE)
  • pain assessment
  • cohen mansfield agitation inventory
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12
Q

what are some common enviro assessments in dementia care?

A
  • REIS
  • built enviro audit tool
  • enviro audit tool (EAT)
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13
Q

what are some principles for intervention with dementia?

A
  • maintain routine and support participation
  • provide stimulation
  • education and support for caregivers
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14
Q

what are some interventions used for dementia?

A
  • activity prescription
  • reality orientation
  • sensory
  • reminiscence therapy
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15
Q

what are some strategies for dementia to maximise occupational performance in ADLs?

A
  • enviro mod
  • compensatory strategies
  • caregiver training
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16
Q

what does caregiver training using cognitive and behavioural interventions aim to do?

A
  • use effective supervision
  • problem solving
  • coping strategies
17
Q

how can disorientation and wandering be addressed?

A

creating secure wandering paths and manipulating colours to hide exits, use contrasting colours and signs to cue direction

18
Q

how can you apply reality orientating techniques?

A
  • activity programs
  • communication and social interaction
  • enviro cues and design
19
Q

what does reminiscence therapy involve?

A

talking about life experiences

20
Q

what does reminiscence therapy provide a sense of?

A
  • identity
  • self-esteem
  • facilitates communication skills
21
Q

what should the OT do during reminiscence therapy?

A
  • encourage informal discussion
  • avoid probing
  • allow repetition
  • encourage talk about happy and sad memories
22
Q

how does sensory intervention benefit dementia patients?

A
  • short term improvements in behaviour and mood
  • improved communication
  • facilitates verbal e expression and memory recall
23
Q

what is validated therapy used for in dementia?

A

a method of communication with disorientated very old people

24
Q

what are the four activity levels in the activity profiling for PWD?

A
  • planned
  • explanatory
  • sensory
  • reflex
25
Q

what does the ABC approach stand for behavioural analysis in dementia patients?

A
  • antecedents
  • behaviours
  • consequences
26
Q

what do antecedents in the ABC approach involve?

A

events/factors that precede behavioural symptoms, contribute to occurrence, called triggers

27
Q

what does behaviours in the ABC approach involve?

A

specific concern, looking at one at a time problem-solving and care-planning process

28
Q

what does consequences in the ABC approach involve?

A

happens after behaviour occurs, includes all reactions/responses

29
Q

how can you address the physical needs of the individual?

A
  • physical discomfort
  • vision/hearing impairment
  • fatigue
30
Q

how can you address the social needs of the individual?

A
  • isolation
  • communication difficulties
  • loss of personal spacer privacy
31
Q

how can you address the enviro needs of the individual?

A
  • size
  • too much/little stimulation
  • no orientation or cues
  • unstructured or unfamiliar enviro
32
Q

how can you address the task needs of the individual?

A
  • unfamiliar
  • too difficult
  • not modified for worsening impairment

enabling occupational performance (8 decks)

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