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enabling occupational performance > cerebral palsy > Flashcards

cerebral palsy Flashcards

1
Q

what is cerebral palsy?

A

group of disorders of development of movement and posture, causes activity limitation,

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2
Q

what can brain lesion in CP be due to?

A
  • cortical abnormality
  • neonate infarction
  • birth trauma
  • brain infection
  • acquired injury
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3
Q

what are the main causes of CP prenatally?

A

cogential cortical abnormalities from infection/malformation/genetics

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4
Q

what are the main causes of CP perinatally?

A
  • hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
  • birth asphyxia
  • trauma (full term)
  • perintricular-intraventricular haemorrhage
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5
Q

what are the main causes of CP postnatally?

A
  • child abuse
  • accidents
  • viral encephalitis
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6
Q

what percentage of CP occurrence is caused prenatally?

A

70-80%

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7
Q

what percentage of CP occurrence is caused perinatally?

A

5-10%

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8
Q

what percentage of CP occurrence is caused postnatally?

A

10-20%

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9
Q

what areas are often disturbed as an accompanying factor to CP?

A
  • sensation
  • cognition
  • communication
  • perception
  • behaviour
  • seizures
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10
Q

how is vision impaired in CP?

A

cortical vision impairment

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11
Q

how is hearing impaired in CP?

A

auditory neuropathy

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12
Q

what is proprioception?

A

knowing where muscles and joints are in space

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13
Q

what is vestibular?

A

body in relation to gravity

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14
Q

what is tactile info?

A

info received primarily through skin receptors

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15
Q

what is spasticity?

A

velocity-dependent resistance to stretch

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16
Q

what often occurs with spasticity in relation to CP?

A
  • hypertonus and spasticity present
  • associated with clonus and persistent primitive reflexes
  • poor voluntary movement control
  • weakness
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17
Q

what is clonus?

A

extensor plantar response

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18
Q

what often occurs with ataxia in relation to CP?

A
  • hypotonia
  • coordination
  • tremor wide-based gait
  • balance
  • co-contraction and stability affected
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19
Q

what often occurs with dyskinesias in relation to CP?

A
  • abnormal when initiating movement in one extremity

- exhibits slow, involuntary motor movements with irregular

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20
Q

what often occurs with athetosis in relation to CP?

A

fluctuations from low to normal with little or no spasticity/poor muscle flexors and extensors

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21
Q

what often occurs with dystonic in relation to CP?

A

sustained twisted postures absent at rest and triggered by movement

22
Q

what are the range of plegias in CP?

A
  • quad
  • hemi
  • di
23
Q

what does quadriplegia affect in CP?

A

spastic quadriplegia is most severe affecting all limbs, trunk and face

24
Q

what does hemiplegia affect in CP?

A

affects one side of body usually arm more than leg

25
Q

what does diplegia affect in CP?

A

muscle stiffness mainly in legs, with arms less affected or not at all

26
Q

what is the purpose o the communication function classification systems (CFCS) for CP?

A

classify everyday communication performance into one or five levels, focus on activity ad participation

27
Q

how do you distinguish between levels in the CFCS?

A

based on performance of sender and receiver orles, pace, type of conversational partner

28
Q

what is the manual ability classification system (MACS) based on?

A

gross motor function. measure systm

29
Q

what is a type 5 flexion for wrist deformity in hand function for CP?

A

mild.

30
Q

what is a type 4 flexion for wrist deformity in hand function for CP?

A

moderate

31
Q

what is a type 2 and 3 flexion for wrist deformity in hand function for CP?

A

severe

32
Q

what is a type 0 and 1 flexion for wrist deformity in hand function for CP?

A

very severe

33
Q

what occurs with type 5 mild flexion wrist deformity?

A

mild dynamic flexion and forearm pronation, no fixed contractures, independent control

34
Q

what occurs with type 4 moderate flexion wrist deformity?

A

includes some fixed flexion contracture of wrist but good active finger extension

35
Q

what occurs with type 2 and 3 subtype 1 severe flexion wrist deformity?

A

contracted flexors cannot be passively extended with wirst passively extended

36
Q

what occurs with type 2 and 3 subtype 2 severe flexion wrist deformity?

A

they have finger extension with wrist passive extension but finger extensor deficiency without flexor contracture

37
Q

what occurs with type 0 and 1 very severe flexion wrist deformity?

A

severe fixed wrist flexion contractures getting max of -20 to 0 degrees of wrist extension,minimal hand function

38
Q

what is a type I pattern of thumb deformity?

A

spastciity mainly in adductor pollicus and first dorsal interosseous causing metacarpal adduction

39
Q

what is a type II pattern of thumb deformity?

A

metacarpal is adducted, but MCP joint is flexed. contarcture of adductor usually

40
Q

what is a type III pattern of thumb deformity?

A

metacarpal adducted and MCP hyperextended. prone to instability and subluxation

41
Q

what is a type IV pattern of thumb deformity?

A

thumb adducted, contracture of flexor pollicus longus usually fixed contracture of MCP often more than 90 degrees

42
Q

what is level I of the MACS?

A

handles objects easily and successfully

43
Q

what is level II of the MACS?

A

handles most objects but with somewhat reduced quality and or speed of achievement

44
Q

what is level III of the MACS?

A

handles objects with difficulty needs help to prepare and or modify activities

45
Q

what is level IV of the MACS?

A

handles limited selection of easily managed objects in adapted situations

46
Q

what is level V of the MACS?

A

does not handle objecys and has severly limited ability to perform even simple action, requires total assistance

47
Q

what is involved in GMFS level I?

A

walk indoor/outdoor and climb stairs without limitation. gross motor skills are impaired

48
Q

what is level II of the MACS?

A

walk indoors/outdoors and climbs stairs holding onto railing but limitations on uneven surafces, wlaking in corwds, incline

49
Q

what is level III of the MACS?

A

walk indoors/outdoors on level surface with assistive device and may climb stairsusing rail may use wheelchair when travelling long distance or on uneven terrain

50
Q

what is level IV of the MACS?

A

use methodsof mobility usually require adult assistance. may walks hort distance with assistance at home but use wheeled assitance outside

51
Q

what is level V of the MACS?

A

restricted voluntary control of movement and ability to maintain antigravity head and posture position. All motor function impaired and no independent mobility

enabling occupational performance (8 decks)

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