Dehydration Flashcards
Dehydration CONDITION
Fluid intake or retention does not meet body needs, results in fluid volume deficit.
Vascular dehydration…
water shifts in ICS, no loss of body water
Isotonic dehydration…
most common. Water and electrolyte loss.
Beverages that increase dehydration…
caffeinated and alcohol.
1 L of water weighs…
1 kg
1 Lb of fluid equals…
500 mL
A change in body weight is an indication of…
fluid volume/fluid loss.
Look at for assessment of dehydration…
5
Food and fluid intake. Daily weights. I&O volumes. Drugs like diuretics and laxatives. LOC and mental status. Kidney or endocrine disease.
Cardiovascular changes… (7)
HR increases.
Weak pulses.
BP decreases, especially systolic.
Neck veins are flat.
RR increased to keep up with O2 delivery.
Decreased perfusion.
Dry mucous membranes covered with a thick sticky coating.
Neurologic changes…
changes in mental status. Cognition changes more common in older adults.
Kidney changes…
affect urine volume and concentration. Specific gravity greater than 1.030. Weight loss over 1/2 a day is fluid loss. Below 500 mL a day of urine is cause for concern.
Priority problems…
Poor perfusion due to excess fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake.
Potential for injury due to blood pressure changes and muscle weakness
Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus patients are at risk for…
dehydration.
Elderly patients are more at risk for dehydration because they…
have less total body water and may not be able to obtain fluids.
how to restore fluid intake balance…
60 to 120 mL of water every hour/every 2 hrs, watch for pulse rate and quality and urine output. DON’T HYDRATE TOO QUICKLY BECAUSE OF CEREBRAL EDEMA.
