Degenerative Neuro Disorders Flashcards
parkinson’s is an imbalance between which 2 neurotransmitters
dopamine
acetylcholine
a chronic progressive degenerative disease of the brain’s dopamine system
Parkinson’s disease
what is the cause of parkinson’s
unknown
what is the cause of secondary Parkinson’s
trauma
drugs
what is an early sign of tremor in a parkinson’s pt
handwriting disturbance
what has these s/s: tremor rigidity bradykinesia posture instability
parkinson’s
which drug is a precursor to dopamine
levodopa
which drug is the “gold standard” in parkinson’s tx
levodopa
which type of drug blocks the synthesis of dopamine
MAO-B inhibitors
which type of drug:
selegiline
rasagiline
MAO-B inhibitors
which type of drug blocks acetylcholine receptors
anticholinergics
which type of drug controls tremors & rigidity
anticholinergics
which type of drug has these s/e:
urinary retention
dry mouth
⬇️ GI motility
anticholinergics
which type of drug:
artane
cogentin
anticholinergics
which type of drug:
symmetral
amantadine
dopamine agonist
which drug ⬆️ levodopa levels in the brain
COMT inhibitors
which type of drug can develop tolerance
COMT inhibitors
which type of drug may cause tardive dyskinesia
COMT inhibitors
which type of parkinson’s drug should be taken prior to meals
COMT inhibitors
which type of drug:
entacapone
tolcapone
COMT inhibitors
what is a surgery that interrupts nerve pathways to alleviate tremors & rigidity
ablation surgery
which condition is deep brain stimulation used with
parkinson’s
an autoimmune disease affecting the brain & spinal cord; myelin is lost/destroyed
MS
condition that disrupts the ability of nerves to conduct electrical impulses to & from the brain
MS
type of MS:
acute attacks w/ recovery; most common
RRMS
relapsing-remitting
type of MS:
progressive disability/constant worsening
PPMS
primary progressive
type of MS:
begins as RR followed by variable progression
SPMS
secondary progressive
type of MS:
relapse but w/o recovery; gets very bad
PRMS
progressive relapsing
which 2 tests are used to diagnose MS
lumbar puncture
MRI
what is the most common MS symptom
fatigue
what has these s/s: paresthesia memory loss depression gait/coordination problems fatigue
MS
which MS drug is given IM every week
avonex
which MS drug is given SQ every other day
Betaseron
which MS drug is given SQ every day
Copaxone
which MS drug is given SQ 3x/week
Rebif
which MS drug is given to treat spasticity
baclofen
which MS drug is given to treat pain
amitriptyline
which MS drug is given to treat depression/fatigue
wellbutrin
which MS drug is given to treat bladder dysfunction
ditropan
an autoimmune disease that destroyes acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
myasthenia gravis
what are the 2 initial symptoms of myasthenia gravis
ptosis
diploplia
what is a progressive symptom of myasthenia gravis
muscle weakness
what is the diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis
tensilon test
which test injects acetylcholinesterase to see if s/s improve temporarily
tensilon test
what is the name of the blood marker test for myasthenia gravis
immunoassay
which type of myasthenia gravis drug:
mestinon
prostigman
anticholinesterase
which myasthenia gravis drug is given to inhibit T lymphocytes
imuran
what is a surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis
thymectomy
what is a myasthenic crisis caused by
infection
undermedication
what is a cholinergic crisis caused by
overmedication
s/s of this crisis:
dysphagia
dysarthria
ptosis
myasthenic crisis
s/s of this crisis: abdominal cramps N/V/D ⬆️ salivation bradycardia
cholinergic crisis
degeneration of spinal cord/nerve endings; progressive descending muscle weakness
ALS/Lou Gehrig’s disease
what is the first symptom of ALS
cramping of one lower extremity
what are the upper motor neuron symptoms of ALS
dysphagia
dysphonia
what are the lower motor neuron symptoms of ALS
weakness
muscular atrophy
hyporeflexia
which med is given to slow motor neuron destruction with ALS
Rulitek
