deforestation Flashcards
Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees
taller than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more
than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these
thresholds in situ.
forest
Complex ecological systems and natural
resources in which trees are the dominant life
form
forest
_______ is a large area dominated by trees and
other vegetation, characterized by a complex
ecosystem that includes various species of plants,
animals, fungi, and microorganisms
forest
Clearing or thinning of forests by humans.
__________ represents one of the largest issues in
global land use.
Deforestation
Large-scale farming
for cash crops (e.g., soy, palm oil).
Commercial Agriculture
Cattle ranching, particularly
in tropical regions.
Livestock Farming
Small-scale farming for
local food production
Subsistence Farming
Extraction of minerals and fossil
fuels, leading to land clearing
Mining
Construction
of roads, highways, and energy facilities.
Infrastructure Development
Expansion of cities and towns
into forested areas.
Urbanization
Unsustainable
practices in resource extraction, including
logging and fuelwood collection
Over-exploitation of Resources
Economic incentives driving
the demand for agricultural products, timber,
and minerals
Market Demand
Extreme weather events
(wildfires, droughts) leading to forest loss.
Climate Change
Increased demand for
land and resources due to rising
populations
Population Growth
Conflicts over land
ownership and usage rights can lead to
deforestation
Land Tenure Issues
Deforestation leads to
habitat destruction, threatening countless
species of plants and animals, many of which
may become extinct
loss of biodiversity
Trees help anchor the soil; their
removal can lead to increased erosion, loss of
fertile topsoil, and degradation of land
Soil Erosion
Forests play a crucial
role in maintaining the water cycle.
Deforestation can alter rainfall patterns, reduce
groundwater recharge, and increase the risk of
floods and droughts
Water Cycle Disruption
Trees
absorb carbon dioxide (CO2); when they are
cut down, the stored carbon is released back
into the atmosphere, contributing to global
warming.
Increased Greenhouse Gas Emissions:
Deforestation can
lead to changes in local and global climate
patterns, affecting weather systems and
increasing the frequency of extreme weather
events
Altered Climate Patterns:
Impact on Human
Communities
Displacement of Indigenous Peoples
Food and Water Security
Economic Consequences
Health Issues
Air Quality Deterioration
Spread of Diseases
Loss of Ecosystem
Services
Decreased Natural Resources
Reduced Climate Regulation
Deforestation contributes to climate change by releasing carbon dioxide (CO2)
stored in trees, accounting for about ________ of global emissions
10-15%
Planting trees in areas where forests have
been cut down to restore ecosystems and
enhance biodiversity
Reforestation
Planting trees in previously non-forested
areas to expand forest cover and increase
carbon sequestration.
Afforestatio
Implementing practices that minimize damage
to surrounding trees and the ecosystem
Selective Logging
Promoting sustainable forestry through certification
programs (e.g., Forest Stewardship Council - FSC)
that ensure responsible practices.
Certification Schemes
means planting crops
between rows of trees
alley cropping
operations grow crops under
a forest canopy to provide ideal shade
Forest Farming
combines trees with livestock
and forage
Silvopasture
: promotes sustainable forest management
Presidential Decree No. 1153 (1977)
encourages reforestation efforts
Executive Order No. 287 (2000)
regulates mining operations
Philippine Mining Act (1995):
outlines specific targets and actions to reduce deforestation
rates
Philippine Development Plan (PDP):
: aimed at planting billions of trees to restore degraded forests
and protect watersheds.
National Greening Program (NGP)
: recognizes the rights of Indigenous Peoples to their
ancestral lands
Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act (IPRA)
: The primary government agency responsible for forest
management, conservation, and protection.
Forest Management Bureau (FMB)
: establishes a framework for climate change adaptation and
mitigation
Climate Change Act of 2009
: ongoing efforts to review laws for better resource management
and conservation
Environmental groups’ advocacy
Using satellite imagery and drones to
monitor deforestation and enforce
regulations
Remote Sensing and Monitoring
Developing crop varieties that require
less land and are more resilient to
climate change
Biotechnology
___________ often results from the unsustainable
management of natural resources and is often driven
by agricultural over-exploitation
Degradation
To achieve Land Degradation Neutrality, wherein
the amount and quality of land ecosystems
remains stable and do not decrease further
Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030
Establishing systems for monitoring forest
cover
changes
and reporting on
deforestation rates to inform policy and
action
Deforestation Tracking
The UN’s Fight Against Deforestation
Sustainable Development
Goal (SDG) 15
Green Wall Project
aims to conserve life on land by protecting and
restoring terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably
managing forests, combating desertification, and
halting biodiversity loss
SDG 15: “LIFE ON LAND
aims to combat desertification and deforestation
in the Sahel region of Africa
GREEN WALL PROJECT (Green Wall Initiative)
Home to millions of species,
many yet undiscovered
Biodiversity Hotspot:
Absorbs massive amounts of
carbon dioxide, mitigating climate change
Climate Regulator
Plays a crucial role in global
rainfall patterns
Water Cycle Influence:
Home to numerous
indigenous groups who depend on the forest for their
survival
Indigenous Communities
The ____________
has been a vital
ecosystem for millennia,
but deforestation has
accelerated since the
1970s, driven by various
factors
Amazon rainforest
_________________
covered 84% of its land in
1900, but deforestation
accelerated from the 1970s
onward.
Indonesia’s forests
The ____________, the world’s
second-largest rainforest,
covering a vast area in
Central Africa. This rainforest
has historically experienced
lower deforestation rates than
the Amazon, but rates are
rising.
Congo Basin
The Philippines was once a land of lush rainforests, covering
almost ______ of its territory. However, it has been steadily
shrinking for centuries
95%
The ___________ of the Philippines in the 16th
century marked the beginning of deforestation.
Spanish colonization
