climate change

Question 1

is the long-term pattern of weather in an area.

Answer 1

Climate

Question 2

is defined to be the state
of the atmosphere with respect to heat or cold, wetness or dryness, calm or storm, clearness, or
cloudiness (Merriam Webster Dictionary).

Answer 2

Weather

Question 3

is the most variable part of the climate system. The

Answer 3

atmosphere

Question 4

is the total amount of water on Earth. It includes water in lakes,
oceans, rivers, and any other bodies of water present.

Answer 4

The hydrosphere

Question 5

The frozen parts of the earth, including snow, ice, and frozen ground also known as the
___________ is generally a consistent part of the climate system.

Answer 5

cryosphere

Question 6

the physical features of a land surface, as well as the vegetation influence
climate by determining how the energy from the sun is used on earth.

Answer 6

Topography,

Question 7

the sum of living things on earth, profoundly influences climate.

Answer 7

biosphere,

Question 8

Through ___________, plants help regulate the flow of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Answer 8

photosynthesis

Question 9

Forests and oceans serve as ________________ that have a cooling impact on climate.

Answer 9

carbon sinks

Question 10

_______________ is the average
air temperature over a specific
period of time, such as a day,
month, or year.

Answer 10

Average
Temperature

Question 11

______________ is any liquid or frozen
water that forms in the atmosphere
and falls back to the earth. It comes in
many forms, like rain, sleet, and snow.

Answer 11

Precipitation

Question 12

A mildly windy state of the air.

Answer 12

Windiness

Question 13

is a measure of water
vapor in the air.

Answer 13

Humidity

Question 14

is the fraction of the
sky that is covered by clouds, as
seen from a specific location.

Answer 14

Cloud Cover

Question 15

is the force
exerted at any given point on the
Earth’s surface by the weight of the
air above that point.

Answer 15

Atmospheric
Pressure

Question 16

A reduced visibility atmosphere
caused by a substance cloud

Answer 16

Fogginess

Question 17

are small regions
within a general climate zone that
have their own unique climatic
conditions.

Answer 17

Microclimates

Question 18

relies
on a region’s water budget and potential evapotranspiration.

Answer 18

Thornthwaite’s system

Question 19

characterized by cold winters and low potential for
evapotranspiration.

Answer 19

Microthermal Climates

Question 20

have moderate climates. They
are not cold enough to sustain a layer of winter snow but are also do not remain
warm to support plant flowering life.

Answer 20

Mesothermal Climates

Question 21

____________ are hot and humid. These
regions have a high moisture index and support rich vegetation all year.

Answer 21

Megathermal climates

Question 22

most popular system of classifying climates was proposed in 1900 by Russian-
German scientist Wladimir Koppen.

Answer 22

Koppen Classification System

Question 23

are characterized by consistently warm temperatures throughout
the year and are primarily located near the equator.

Answer 23

Tropical climates

Question 24

Another subtype, _____________, has warm
temperatures with distinct wet and dry seasons, as seen in the Serengeti in Africa
and areas of Brazil

Answer 24

tropical savanna

Question 25

are divided into deserts and steppes, defined by low precipitation
levels.

Answer 25

Dry climates

Question 26

Extremely arid regions, either hot

Answer 26

Desert

Question 27

Semi-arid regions with slightly
more precipitation than deserts, often
grass-covered

Answer 27

Steppe

Question 28

Hot, dry summers
and mild, wet winters

Answer 28

Mediterranean

Question 29

Hot, humid
summers and mild winters with
consistent rainfall

Answer 29

Humid Subtropical

Question 30

Mild
temperatures year-round with
high rainfall, especially in winter

Answer 30

Marine West Coast

Question 31

exhibit greater temperature extremes between seasons,
typically occurring in interior land areas.

Answer 31

Continental climates

Question 32

as seen in
the Midwest of the United States and parts of Eastern Europe, have hot summers
and cold winters with varying precipitation.

Answer 32

Humid continental climates,

Question 33

found in Siberia
and northern Canada, feature short, mild summers and long, harsh winters

Answer 33

Subarctic climates,

Question 34

are the coldest climate type, defined by persistently low
temperatures and minimal precipitation.

Answer 34

Polar climates

Question 35

found in Arctic regions
and the fringes of Greenland, have cool summers and permafrost-covered ground.

Answer 35

Tundra climates,

Question 36

such as those in Antarctica and the Greenland interior, are
perpetually cold and covered with ice and snow year-round (Kottek et al., 2006).

Answer 36

Ice cap climates,

Question 37

are unique as they are determined more by elevation than
latitude.

Answer 37

highland climates

Question 38

refers to long-term changes
in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns,
and other elements of the Earth’s climate

system.

Answer 38

Climate

Change

Question 39

Volcanic eruptions
Solar variations
Orbital change

Answer 39

Natural

Climate Change

Question 40

Burning of fossil fuels

Deforestation
Industrial processes

Agriculture

Waste management

Answer 40

Human-Induced

Climate Change

Question 41

Sources of

Greenhouse Gas

Emissions

Answer 41

Fossil Fuels: Burning gasoline,

coal, and natural gas
(transportation, industry,

heating).

Deforestation: Cutting down

forests releases CO2.
Agriculture and Landfills:
Methane from livestock, rice

paddies, and waste.

Question 42

The Earth is about _____°C warmer

than it was in the 1800s.

Answer 42

1.1

Question 43

Scientists agree that
limiting warming to ___°C is crucial to
avoid the worst impacts of climate
change.

Answer 43

1.5

Question 44

A growing number of countries are committing to this goal.

Answer 44

Net-zero by 2050:

Question 45

involves strengthening resilience to climate impacts, such as rising
sea levels and extreme weather.

Answer 45

Adapting