definitions Flashcards
Define matter
Matter is anything that has a mass and volume (takes up space)
Define a pure substance
Pure substance: Made up of only 1 kind of matter, has a unique set of properties; is either an element or a compound
Define an element
Element: A pure substance that cannot be broken down. It is made up of only one type of atom and are the building blocks for all other substances
Define a compound
Compound: A pure substance made from two or more elements that are combined together chemically in a specific ratio
Define a mixture
Mixtures: Made up of 2 or more types of matter where each part keeps its own properties and can have a homogeneous or heterogeneous appearance. Two kinds of mixtures are solutions and mechanical mixtures
Define an element
An element: A pure substance that cannot be broken down and is composed of only one type of atom.
A pure substance that cannot be broken down and is composed of only one type of atom.
Define a compound
Compound: A pure substance made from two or more elements that are combined together chemically in a specific ratio
A pure substance that contains 2 or more différent elements that are chemically joined. A molecule that contains at least two différent atoms.
Define an element symbol
An element symbol: An abbreviation for a chemical element.
Define a molecule
A molecule: Consists of 2 or more atoms combined together.
↦Atoms in a molecule can all be the same kind of atom, which is called diatomic.
↦Molecules can also be made of two or more différent kinds of atoms
Define a chemical formula
Chemical formula: the notation used to indicate the type and number of atoms in a pure substance.
Define a subscript
Subscript: at the lower right-hand corner of the element
Define a coefficient
Coefficient: a number in front of an element or chemical formula and indicates the number of molecules/atoms of that compound
Define an ion
Ion: When a negatively charged electrons move from one atom to another
Define a cation
Cation: A positive ion when an atom loses electrons
Define an anion
Anion: A negative ion when an atom gains electrons
Define an atom
Atom: a particle of an element; indivisible.
Define a subatomic particle
Subatomic particles: inside and smaller than the atom
Define an atomic number
Atomic number: number of protons
Define a mass number
Mass number= protons + neutrons
Define an isotope
Isotopes: atoms of the same element with différent numbers of neutrons
Define colour
Physical property describing the colour of a substance.
Define clarity
Is the substance clear/translucent/opaque?
Define crystal form
A solid forms in which one can see a definite structure of cubes or blocks with a regular pattern. ex. crystal meth.
Define malleability
The characteristic in which a substance has the ability to be bent or hammered into different shapes. ex. spoons that you put into cold ass ice cream when it’s too fucking cold to get out but your impatient ass doesn’t wait so you put the spoon in there to get the ice cream and end up bending that POOR SPOON YOU MONSTER.
Define ductility
The characteristic in which a solid has the ability to be pulled into wires. ex. chewing gum if you’re that nasty ass kid who pulls their gum out of their mouth while they’re chewing it. shame on you.
Define hardness
Hardness is the measure of the resistance to being scratched or dented. ex. the cracked phone screen of your local thot.
Define texture
The physical property in which a substance can be fine, coarse, gritty, etc.
Define melting point
The temperature in which a solid changes state to a liquid. ex. when
Define boiling point
The temperature in which a liquid changed state to gas.
ex. when you’re boiling water for your craft dinner you uncultured fuck.
Define solubility
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent. ex. salt dissolving in water. most people could dissolve in water because of hoW FUCKIN SALTY THEY ARE.
Define viscosity
The resistance to flow. ex. molasses.
Define odour
The qualitative characteristic in which the substance can smell. For example, the substance could smell spicy, burnt, sweet, etc.
Define taste
The qualitative characteristic in which the substance has a taste.
Define lustre
The physical property of how shiny/dull a substance is.
Define condensation
The temperature at which a gas changes to a solid
Define sublimation
The temperature at which a solid changes to a gas. Ex dry ice.
Define deposition
The temperature at which a gas changes state to a solid
Define freezing
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid ex when your mom is crying outside because of how you turned out and her tears freeze. why are you like this.
