Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Active Insufficiency

A

Inability of a 2 joint mm to perform a concentric contraction over one joint when it is shortened over another

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2
Q

Passive Insufficiency

A

Inability of a 2 joint muscle to lenghten over one joint when it is already lengthened over another

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3
Q

Make Test

A

An evaluation process where a patient is asked to apply a force against resistance (dynamometer)

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4
Q

Break Test

A

An evaluation process where a patient is asked to hold a contraction against pressure that is applied in the opposite direction to the contraction (MMT)

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5
Q

Convex Concave Rule

A

CONVEX moving = OPPOSITE

CONCAVE moving = SAME

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6
Q

Longitudinal Congenital Limb Deficiency

A

Reduction or absence of element(s) withing the long axis of the bone

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7
Q

Transverse Congenital Limb Deficiency

A

Developed to a particular level beyond which no skeletal elements exist

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8
Q

Glenohumeral Subluxation

A

> 50% of humeral head translation over the glenoid rim withouth dislocation

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9
Q

Avulsion Fracture

A

Portion of bone becomes fragmented at the site of tendon attachment due to a traumatic and sudden stretch of the tendon

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10
Q

Closed Fracture

A

Break in a bone where the skin over the site remains intact

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11
Q

Comminuted Fracture

A

Bone that breaks into fragments at the site of injury

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12
Q

Compound Fracture

A

Break in a bone that protrudes through the skin

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13
Q

Greenstick Fracture

A

Break on one side of a bone that does not damage the periosteum on the oppostie side.

Bending fracture, often seen in children

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14
Q

Nonunion Fracture

A

Break in a bone that has failed to unite and heal after 9-12 months

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15
Q

Stress Fracture

A

Break in a bone due to repeated forces to a particular protion of the bone.

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16
Q

Spiral Fracture

A

Break in bone due to torsion/twisting

17
Q

Bursitis

A

Condition casued by acure or chronic inflammation of the bursae which may limit ROM, cause pain and swelling

18
Q

Contusion

A

Sudden blow to a part of the body that can result in mild to severe damage to superficial and deep structures

19
Q

Edema

A

Increased volume of fluid in soft tissue outside of a joint capsule

20
Q

Effusion

A

Increased volume of fluid within a joint capsule

21
Q

Genu Valgum

A

Knock kneed; knee touch while standing with the feet a part

22
Q

Genu Varum

A

Bowleg; added space between the knees with the feet together

23
Q

Kyphosis

A

excessive curvature of the spine in a posterior direction

24
Q

Lordosis

A

Excessive curvature in an anterior direction

25
Q

Q Angle

A

Degres of angulation from ASIS through mid-patella to tibial tubercle

Normal = 13-18 degrees

26
Q

Grade 1 Sprain

A

mild pain and swelling, little to not tear of the ligament

27
Q

Grade 2 Sprain

A

Moderate pain and swelling, minimal instabliity of the joint, min-moderate tearing of the ligament with decreased ROM

28
Q

Grade 3 Sprain

A

Severe pain and swelling, substantial joint instability, total tear of ligament, substantial decrease in ROM

29
Q

Strain vs. Sprain

A

Sprain = injury to ligament

Strain = injury involving muscultotendinous unit (mm, tendon, and their attachment to bone)

30
Q

Grade 1 Strain

A

localized pain, minimal swelling and tenderness

31
Q

Grade 2 Strain

A

localized pain, moderate swelling and tenderness, and impaired motor function

32
Q

Grade 3 Sprain

A

Palpable defect of the mm, severe pain, poor motor function

33
Q

Tendonitis vs. Tendinosis

A

Tendonitis: inflammation of a tendon, acute

Tendinosis: inflammation of a tendon, chronic