DEFINITIONS Flashcards
ACETULCHOLINE (Ach)
A CHEMICAL PRODUCED BY THE BODY THAT IS USED IN THE TRANSMISSION OF THE NERVE IMPULSES. IT DESTROYED BY THE ENZYME CHOLINESTERASE
ADRENERGIC (ADRENOMIMETIC)
REFERS TO A DRUG STIMULATING A RECEPTOR FOR NOREEPINEPHRINE OR EPINEPHRINE
AFFERENT
SIGNALS THAT ARE TRANSMITTED TO THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
AGONIST
A CHEMICAL OR DRUG THAT BINDS TO A RECEPTOR AND CREATES AN EFFECT ON THE BODY
ANTAGONIST
ACHEMICAL OR A DRUG THAT BINDS TO A RECEPTOR BUT DOES NOT CREATE AN EFFECT ON THE BODY IT ACTUALLY BLOCKS THE RECEPTOR SITE FROM ACEPTNG AN AGONIST.
ANTICHOLINERGIC
REFERS TO A DRUG BLOCKING A RECEPTOR FOR ACETYLCHOLINE
ANTIADRENERGIC
REFERS TO A DRUG BLOCKING A RECEPTOR FOR EPINEPRHINE OR NOREEPINEPHRINE
BIOAVAILABILITY
AMOUNT OF DRUG THAT REACHES THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
CNS
A system that includes the brain and spinal cord, controlling voluntary and involuntary acts
CHOLINERGIC (CHOLINOMIMETIC)
REFERS TO A DRUG CAUSING STIMULATION OF A RECEPTOR FOR ACETLYCHOLINE
DRUG ADMINISRATION
METHOD BY WHICH THE DRUG IS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE BODY
ED50
DOSE AT WHICH A DRUG PRODUCES 50% OF MAXIMAL EFFECT
EFFERENT
SIGNALS THAT ARE TRANSMITTED FROM THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
ENTERAL
USE OF THE INTESTINE
FIRST PASS EFFECT
INITIAL METABOLISM IN THE LIVER OF A DRUG TAKEN ORALLY BEFORE THE DRUG REACHES THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
GENERIC NAME
The name assigned to a chemical by the United States Adopted Name (USAN) Council when the chemical appears to have therapeutic use and the manufacturer wishes to market the drug
HYPERSENSITIVITY
AN ALLERGIC OR IMMUNE MEDIATED REACTION TO A DRUG, WHICH CAN BE SERIOUS, REQUIRING AIRWAY MAMINTANANCE OR VENTILATOR ASSISTANCE
IDIOSYNCRATIC EFFECT
AN ABNORMAL OR UNEXPECTED REACTION TO A DRUG OTHER THAN AN ALLERGIC REACTION AS COMPARED WITH THE PREDICTED EFFECT
INHALATION
TAKING A SUBSTANCE, TYPICALLY IN THE FORM OF GASES, FUMES, VAPORS, MISTS,AEROSOLS, OR DUSTS, INTO THE BODY BY BREATHING
LD50
LETHAL DOSE FOR 50% OF THE POPULATION
LOCAL EFFECT
LIMITED TO THE AREA OF TREATMENT
LUNG AVAILABILITY/ SYSTEMIC AVAILABILITY
(L/T RATIO )
AMOUNT OF DRUG THAT IS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE LUNG OUT OF THE TOTAL AVAILABLE TO THE BODY
MEDICATION RECONSILIATION
The formal process in which healthcare providers work together with patients, families and care providers to ensure accurate and comprehensive medication information is communicated consistently across transitions of care
NONPROPRIETARY NAME
THE NAME OF A DRUG OTHER THAN ITS TRADEMARKED NAME
NOREPINEPHRINE
A NATURALLY OCCURING CATECHOLAMINE, PRODUCED BY THE ADRENAL GLAND MEDULLA, THAT HAS PROPERTIES SIMILAR TO THOSE OF EPINEPHRINE.
PLACEBO
AN INERT SUBSTITUTE, CAUSING NO EFFECT
RECEPTOR
A CELL COMPONENT THAT COMBINES WITH A DRUG TO A CHANGE OR ENCHANCE THE FUNCTION OF THE CELL
STRUCTURE (SAR)
SAR- STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION
IS THE RELATIONSHIP BRW A DRUG ‘S CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND THE OUTCOME IT HAS ON THE BODY
SYMPATHOLYTIC
AN AGENT BLOCKING OR INHIBITING THE EFECT OF THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
SYMPATHOMIMETIC
AN AGENT CAUSING STIMULATION OF THE SNS
SYNERGISM EFFECT
COMINED DRUGS EFFECTS THAT ARE ARE GREATER THATN IF THE DRUGS WERE GIVEN ALONE
SYSTEMIC EFFECT
PERTAINS TO THE WHOLE BODY, DRUG IS NOT LIMITED TO LOCAL SITE, POSSIBLY CAUSING SIDE EFFECTS
TACHYPHYLAXIS
A RAPID DECREASE IN RESPONSE TO A DRUG
THERAPEUTIC INDEX
Difference between the minimal therapeutic and toxic concentrations of a drug; the smaller the difference the greater chance the drug will be toxic
(THE GREATER THE NUMBER THE SAFER THE DRUG)
TOLERANCE
DESCRIBES A DRECREASING INTENSITY OF RESPONSE TO A DRUG OVER TIME
TOPICAL
USE OF THE SKIN OR MUCUS MEMBRANE (E.G LOTION )
TOXICOLOGY
THE STUDY OF TOXIC SUSBTANCES AND THEU PAHRMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS, INCLUDING ANTIDOTES AND POISON CONTROL
TRANSDERMAL
USE OF THE SKIN (EG PATCH)
alpha 1
alpha1 receptors vasoconstrict located in vasculature peripheries, kidneys, GI tract
alpha 2 receptors
causes vasodilation also found in CNS
Beta 1
excitatory
locates in the heart muscle
beta
exhibitory (relaxation)
bronchodilator
