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pharm > DEFINITIONS > Flashcards

DEFINITIONS Flashcards

1
Q

ACETULCHOLINE (Ach)

A

A CHEMICAL PRODUCED BY THE BODY THAT IS USED IN THE TRANSMISSION OF THE NERVE IMPULSES. IT DESTROYED BY THE ENZYME CHOLINESTERASE

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2
Q

ADRENERGIC (ADRENOMIMETIC)

A

REFERS TO A DRUG STIMULATING A RECEPTOR FOR NOREEPINEPHRINE OR EPINEPHRINE

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3
Q

AFFERENT

A

SIGNALS THAT ARE TRANSMITTED TO THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

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4
Q

AGONIST

A

A CHEMICAL OR DRUG THAT BINDS TO A RECEPTOR AND CREATES AN EFFECT ON THE BODY

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5
Q

ANTAGONIST

A

ACHEMICAL OR A DRUG THAT BINDS TO A RECEPTOR BUT DOES NOT CREATE AN EFFECT ON THE BODY IT ACTUALLY BLOCKS THE RECEPTOR SITE FROM ACEPTNG AN AGONIST.

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6
Q

ANTICHOLINERGIC

A

REFERS TO A DRUG BLOCKING A RECEPTOR FOR ACETYLCHOLINE

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7
Q

ANTIADRENERGIC

A

REFERS TO A DRUG BLOCKING A RECEPTOR FOR EPINEPRHINE OR NOREEPINEPHRINE

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8
Q

BIOAVAILABILITY

A

AMOUNT OF DRUG THAT REACHES THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

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9
Q

CNS

A

A system that includes the brain and spinal cord, controlling voluntary and involuntary acts

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10
Q

CHOLINERGIC (CHOLINOMIMETIC)

A

REFERS TO A DRUG CAUSING STIMULATION OF A RECEPTOR FOR ACETLYCHOLINE

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11
Q

DRUG ADMINISRATION

A

METHOD BY WHICH THE DRUG IS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE BODY

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12
Q

ED50

A

DOSE AT WHICH A DRUG PRODUCES 50% OF MAXIMAL EFFECT

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13
Q

EFFERENT

A

SIGNALS THAT ARE TRANSMITTED FROM THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

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14
Q

ENTERAL

A

USE OF THE INTESTINE

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15
Q

FIRST PASS EFFECT

A

INITIAL METABOLISM IN THE LIVER OF A DRUG TAKEN ORALLY BEFORE THE DRUG REACHES THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

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16
Q

GENERIC NAME

A

The name assigned to a chemical by the United States Adopted Name (USAN) Council when the chemical appears to have therapeutic use and the manufacturer wishes to market the drug

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17
Q

HYPERSENSITIVITY

A

AN ALLERGIC OR IMMUNE MEDIATED REACTION TO A DRUG, WHICH CAN BE SERIOUS, REQUIRING AIRWAY MAMINTANANCE OR VENTILATOR ASSISTANCE

18
Q

IDIOSYNCRATIC EFFECT

A

AN ABNORMAL OR UNEXPECTED REACTION TO A DRUG OTHER THAN AN ALLERGIC REACTION AS COMPARED WITH THE PREDICTED EFFECT

19
Q

INHALATION

A

TAKING A SUBSTANCE, TYPICALLY IN THE FORM OF GASES, FUMES, VAPORS, MISTS,AEROSOLS, OR DUSTS, INTO THE BODY BY BREATHING

20
Q

LD50

A

LETHAL DOSE FOR 50% OF THE POPULATION

21
Q

LOCAL EFFECT

A

LIMITED TO THE AREA OF TREATMENT

22
Q

LUNG AVAILABILITY/ SYSTEMIC AVAILABILITY

A

(L/T RATIO )

AMOUNT OF DRUG THAT IS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE LUNG OUT OF THE TOTAL AVAILABLE TO THE BODY

23
Q

MEDICATION RECONSILIATION

A

The formal process in which healthcare providers work together with patients, families and care providers to ensure accurate and comprehensive medication information is communicated consistently across transitions of care

24
Q

NONPROPRIETARY NAME

A

THE NAME OF A DRUG OTHER THAN ITS TRADEMARKED NAME

25
Q

NOREPINEPHRINE

A

A NATURALLY OCCURING CATECHOLAMINE, PRODUCED BY THE ADRENAL GLAND MEDULLA, THAT HAS PROPERTIES SIMILAR TO THOSE OF EPINEPHRINE.

26
Q

PLACEBO

A

AN INERT SUBSTITUTE, CAUSING NO EFFECT

27
Q

RECEPTOR

A

A CELL COMPONENT THAT COMBINES WITH A DRUG TO A CHANGE OR ENCHANCE THE FUNCTION OF THE CELL

28
Q

STRUCTURE (SAR)

A

SAR- STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION

IS THE RELATIONSHIP BRW A DRUG ‘S CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND THE OUTCOME IT HAS ON THE BODY

29
Q

SYMPATHOLYTIC

A

AN AGENT BLOCKING OR INHIBITING THE EFECT OF THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

30
Q

SYMPATHOMIMETIC

A

AN AGENT CAUSING STIMULATION OF THE SNS

31
Q

SYNERGISM EFFECT

A

COMINED DRUGS EFFECTS THAT ARE ARE GREATER THATN IF THE DRUGS WERE GIVEN ALONE

32
Q

SYSTEMIC EFFECT

A

PERTAINS TO THE WHOLE BODY, DRUG IS NOT LIMITED TO LOCAL SITE, POSSIBLY CAUSING SIDE EFFECTS

33
Q

TACHYPHYLAXIS

A

A RAPID DECREASE IN RESPONSE TO A DRUG

34
Q

THERAPEUTIC INDEX

A

Difference between the minimal therapeutic and toxic concentrations of a drug; the smaller the difference the greater chance the drug will be toxic
(THE GREATER THE NUMBER THE SAFER THE DRUG)

35
Q

TOLERANCE

A

DESCRIBES A DRECREASING INTENSITY OF RESPONSE TO A DRUG OVER TIME

36
Q

TOPICAL

A

USE OF THE SKIN OR MUCUS MEMBRANE (E.G LOTION )

37
Q

TOXICOLOGY

A

THE STUDY OF TOXIC SUSBTANCES AND THEU PAHRMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS, INCLUDING ANTIDOTES AND POISON CONTROL

38
Q

TRANSDERMAL

A

USE OF THE SKIN (EG PATCH)

39
Q

alpha 1

A

alpha1 receptors vasoconstrict located in vasculature peripheries, kidneys, GI tract

40
Q

alpha 2 receptors

A

causes vasodilation also found in CNS

41
Q

Beta 1

A

excitatory

locates in the heart muscle

42
Q

beta

A

exhibitory (relaxation)

bronchodilator

pharm (11 decks)

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