Deep gluteal muscles

Question 1

Piriformis

Answer 1

• Origin: front of the 2nd-4th sacral segments b/w + lateral to anterior sacral foramina + gluteal surface of ilium + pelvic surface if sacrotuberous ligament
• Insertion: upper border + medial side of the greater trochanter of the femur
  Movements
• lateral rotator of hip
• when seated, abduction

Question 2

Obturator internus

Answer 2

• Origin: internal surface of the obturator membrane + surrounding bony margin + pelvic surface if the ilium
• Insertion: medial surface of the greater trochanter
  Movements
• lateral rotator of hip

Question 3

Superior gemelli

Answer 3

• Origin: gluteal surface of the ischial spine
• Insertion: superior aspect of the tendon of obturator internus
  Movements
• lateral rotator of hip (aids obturator internus)

Question 4

Inferior gemelli

Answer 4

• Origin: upper part of ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: inferior aspect of the tendon of obturator internus
  Movements
• lateral rotator of hip (aids obturator internus)

Question 5

Obturator externus

Answer 5

• Origin: outer surface of the obturator membrane + surrounding margins of the pubis + ischium
• Insertion: trochanteric fossa of the femur
  Movements
• lateral rotator of hip
• when flexed, abduction

Question 6

Quadratus femoris

Answer 6

• Origin: ischial tuberosity just below the lower acetabular rim
• Insertion: quadrate tubercle situated halfway down the intertrochanteric crest of the femur + area of bone surrounding it
  Movements
• lateral rotator of hip
• when hip flexed, abductor of hip