Decolonization

Question 1

Indian nationalists had been demanding independence from British rule since the 1800s. Mohandas Gandhi played a major part in the independence movement, slowly weakening British rule over time. In 1947, India was given independence

Answer 1

Decolonization in India

Question 2

In 1947, Britain created India (Hindu dominated) and Pakistan (Muslim dominated). India and Pakistan have had conflict ever since 1947, often disputing the others claim to the border territory of Kashmir. India is now the world’s largest democracy

Answer 2

Hindus vs. Muslims

Question 3

Muslim country that broke away from India formed in 1947

Answer 3

Pakistan

Question 4

Ongoing conflict for territorial control; between Pakistan & India; Origins of British imperialism

Answer 4

Kashmir Conflict

Question 5

One of Gandhi’s followers; governed India after independence (1947); committed to program of social reform and economic development; preserved civil rights and democracy.

Answer 5

Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964)

Question 6

Usually referred to by his subsequent “mahatma” (Great Soul), Gandhi (1869-1948) was a political leader and the undoubted spiritual leader of the Indian drive for independence from Great Britain.He supported unity between Hindus & Muslims.

Answer 6

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Question 7

The allegiance to a tribe or ethnic group as opposed to a nation. It exists in many African nations due to nation’s boundaries being drawn by European imperialists.

Answer 7

Tribalism

Question 8

Leader of nonviolent protests for freedom on the Gold Coast. When independence was gained, he became the first prime minister of Ghana. He develpoped economic projects, but was criticized for spending too much time on Pan-African efforts, and neglecting his own countries’ issues

Answer 8

Kwame Nkrumah

Question 9

The unity of all black Africans, regardless of national boundaries

Answer 9

Pan-Africanism

Question 10

A nationalist leader who fought to end oppressive laws against Africans; later became the first Prime Minister of Kenya

Answer 10

Jomo Kenyatta

Question 11

Over 800,000 Tutsis were murdered by the Hutu tribe. This is an example of tribalism and Genocide

Answer 11

Rwandan Genocide

Question 12

In Rwanda, Belgian colonizers had treated minority Tutsis better than the majority Hutus. When Rwanda won independence, the Hutus took revenge on the Tutsis murdering thousands.

Answer 12

Hutus and Tutsis

Question 13

Laws that segregated (or separated) people by race in South Africa. Apartheid led to extreme racial discrimination against blacks in South Africa. Black Africans could not travel freely, use many public facilities, and marry whites. Black Africans had to carry identity papers

Answer 13

Apartheid

Question 14

Leader of the African National Congress (ANC),Fought against Apartheid,Was sent to prison for over 25 years as a political prisoner,Freed in 1994 when Apartheid ended,Became the first black president of South Africa

Answer 14

Nelson Mandela

Question 15

1948- Country that was established in Palestine. Since 1949, They fought four major wars and several minor conflicts against other Middle Eastern nations

Answer 15

Israel

Question 16

British promise of support for the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

Answer 16

Balfour Declaration (1917)

Question 17

A territory in the Middle East on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, predominantly occupied by Muslims. This land is disputed with Israel.

Answer 17

Palestine

Question 18

1948 War fought between Israel and five neighbors: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria & Saudi Arabia. With the help of the U.S. Israel won gaining its independence as a new nation.

Answer 18

Arab-Israeli War

Question 19

A ship canal in Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea used for trade especially oil. Egypt wanted to control canal; Great Britain, France, and Israel joined together and attacked Egypt; Egypt gained control.

Answer 19

Suez Canal Crisis (1956)

Question 20

Peace treaty between Egypt and Israel; hosted by US President Jimmy Carter; first treaty of its kind between Israel and an Arab state

Answer 20

Camp David Accords (1978)

Question 21

Led by Yasser Arafat, PLO uses terrorist tactics against Israel

Answer 21

Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)

Question 22

A militant Islamic fundamentalist political movement that opposes peace with Israel and uses terrorism as a weapon

Answer 22

Hamas

Question 23

Occupied after Kippur war Israel won and gained control; where Palestinians threw stones and fired at the Israel troops

Answer 23

Gaza Strip, West Bank, Golan Heights

Question 24

Frustrated by their losses in the Six-Days War, Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel during the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur on October 6, 1973. Israel counterattacked, won a decisive victory, and had even occupied portions of northern Egypt.

Answer 24

Yom Kippur War (1973)

Question 25

Military conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors, including Syria, Egypt, and Jordan. The war ended with an Israeli victory and territorial expansion into the Sinai Peninsula, the Golan Heights, the Gaza Strip, and the West Bank. The 1967 war was a humiliation for several Arab states, and the territorial disputes it created formed the basis for continued conflict in the region.

Answer 25

Six Day War (1967)

Question 26

Turkish statesman who founded Turkey as a modern secular (separation of religion & government) state

Answer 26

Kemal Ataturk (1881-1938)

Question 27

1953- Great Britain and U.S. help Reza Pahlavi gain control of Iran. Reza proclaimed himself the shah (dictator) then westernized and modernized Iran. 1970s- Ayatollah Khomeini leads opposition against the shah due the shahs use of secret police, brutal treatment of his people and adopting of westernization (went against many Islamic beliefs).1979- Shah is overthrown, Iran becomes an Islamic Republic

Answer 27

Iranian Revolution of 1979

Question 28

A group of anti-American Muslim militants stormed the US embassy in Tehran, taking all occupants hostage and demanding the return of the exiled Iranian shah
Economic sanctions and political pressure failed
Military rescue mission failed
Crisis lasted 444 days, until Reagan’s inauguration day

Answer 28

Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979-1980)

Question 29

Movement that opposes westernization and wants to apply Islamic principles to problems and government

Answer 29

Islamic Fundamentalism

Question 30

Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, who terrorized the people of Cambodia throughout the 1970’s

Answer 30

Pol Pot

Question 31

A group of Communist rebels who seized power in Cambodia in 1975.

Answer 31

Khmer Rouge

Question 32

A number of sites in Cambodia where large numbers of people were killed and buried by the Khmer Rouge regime, during its rule of the country from 1975 to 1979, immediately after the end of the Cambodian Civil War.

Answer 32

Killing Fields

Question 33

In 1969, during the Vietnam War, American forces bombed and invaded this neighboring country. After the Americans left, communist guerillas, known as the Khmer Rouge, took control of the government. Under the leadership of Pol Pot, the Khmer Rouge began a reign of terror to remove all western influence. Between 1-3 million people were killed.

Answer 33

Cambodian Genocide (1975-1979)

Question 34

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Answer 34

How Will You Do On The Global Regents Friday June 17th 2022?

Question 35

He modernized/ industrialized / westernized Iran.

Answer 35

Shah Rheza Khan