Cold War Flashcards
The political and economic struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union. Ideological war between communism and capitalism
Cold War
In this country:Communist party makes all political decisions ,Command economy (government makes all economic decisions and own property), Political leadership values obedience, discipline, and economic security
Soviet Union aka United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR)
In this country:The people and elected representatives make decisions,Free Market economy (Private consumers and producers make most economic decisions and own most property),Political leadership values freedom + prosperity
USA
An economic and military program of the U.S. designed in 1947 to help other countries resist Soviet aggression. (U.S. gave $400 million to Greece and Turkey)
Truman Doctrine
American aid package for Europe proposed in 1947 to strengthen democratic governments and lessen the appeal of communism
Marshall Plan
U.S. policy to stop the spread of communism
Containment Policy
After the Soviets blockades the city of Berlin, the U.S. and allies airlifted supplies to the people
Berlin Airlift
North Atlantic Treaty Organization=Collective Security
NATO
1950-1953. Communist North Korea invaded South Korea. The U.S. joined the south while the Chinese joined the north. The result was a virtual stalemate
Korean War
U.S. and Soviet competition. Soviets jumped out to an early lead by launching Sputnik (first satellite), U.S. won by landing a man on the moon
Space Race
A confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962 over the presence of missile sites in Cuba one of the “hottest” periods of the cold war
Cuban Missile Crisis
Govt that has total control of every aspect of their citizens lives
Soviet Union- Josef Stalin
Italy- Benito Mussolini
Germany - Hitler
Totalitarianism
conflict in Vietnam involving U.S. forces: a conflict in which the Communist forces of North Vietnam and guerrillas in South Vietnam fought against the non-Communist forces of South Vietnam and the United States
Vietnam War
Communist leader of North Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh
1991- Soviet Union collapses, Arms Race bankrupts the Soviet Union, Soviet Unions communist ways - command economy was inefficient, Eastern Europe revolted against Communism in 1980s, Gorbachev’s new policies (Glasnost & Perestroika) weaken communist power
Causes for the End of the Cold War
Censorship - of media, the press (newspapers, books, radio)
One political party - all other parties are outlawed
Emphasis of the state over the individual
Secret police - to intimidate their people
Propaganda- to persuade the people
Characteristics of a Totalitarian State
This term means (“openness”) to encourage freedom of speech & to allow expression of new ideas
Glasnost
This term means relaxed some gov’t controls over farms and factories to make production more efficient & it allowed citizens to open small businesses
Perestroika
After WWII a new international peace-keeping organization in 1945 known as this is formed. The purpose of it was to maintain peace in the world and encourage friendship and cooperation among nations. Members agreed to give up the use of force except in self-defense. It has tried to eliminate world hunger, disease, and ignorance
United Nations
An alliance between Russia and Eastern communist countries against Western capitalist countries
Warsaw Pact (1955)
Eastern European nations with communist puppet governments; policies were controlled by the USSR
Soviet Satellites
A political barrier that isolated the communist Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region against democratic western European nations
Iron Curtain
The Soviet Union, under Nikita Khrushchev, erected a wall between East and West Berlin to keep people from fleeing from the East, afterwards Kennedy asked for an increase in defense funds to counter Soviet aggression.
Berlin Wall (1961)
- Led by students and workers rebelling against communism. Revolution was crushed by the Soviet Union.
Hungarian Revolution
A policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the United States during the presidency of Richard Nixon.
Detente
Some nations chose to not pick a side during the Cold War and follow their own ideologies. They were often recently colonies.
non-alignment policy
