Deck Section 2

Question 1

Class C

Answer 1

involve energized electrical equipment

Question 2

Which is the most effective method for detecting fuel leaks

Answer 2

the sniff test

Question 3

CARBON DIOXIDE

Answer 3

is produced by a fire when there is complete combustion of all of the carbon in the burning material. CO2 is a colorless and odorless gas. Although CO2 is not poisonous, unconsciousness can result from prolonged exposure at 10 percent volume and higher. Above 11 percent volume, unconsciousness can occur in 1 minute or less. In a sufficient quantity, death could occur, since CO2 does not provide any oxygen to breathe. The danger of asphyxiation should not be taken lightly; CO2 does not give any warning of its presence, even when it is present in dangerous amounts.

Question 4

Gasoline vapors tend to sink and settle low in enclosed spaces. Vapors can also spread rapidly in enclosed spaces so

Answer 4

always check the bilges and all enclosed compartments for gasoline vapors. The sniff test is the most effective method for detecting fuel leaks.

Question 5

gasoline cannot be used for cooking on vessels

Answer 5

carrying passengers for hire

Question 6

Should the engine’s be running during fueling?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Gas vapors are ____ than air

Answer 7

Heavier and so gather low in the bilge.

Question 8

Water as a fire extinguisher

Answer 8

Very effective heat absorber. Breaks the fire triangle by removing heat. Do not use on Class C fires because it is a conductor of electricity.

Question 9

The best form of fire suppression is

Answer 9

fire prevention! Fire prevention is an all-hands responsibility. However, as Captain, you are inescapably responsible for ensuring that all possible precautions have been put in place. This includes, safety protocols, training, regular drills, and generally good housekeeping. Even though it is essential you be properly trained to fight a fire and have the correct equipment on board, never having to fight fire is a far better course of action.

Question 10

Class D

Answer 10

Involve metals such as magnesium, sodium, lithium, and titanium which are actually burning.

Question 11

ENGINE Items that require regular attention include the following:

Answer 11

Change oil frequently, following manufacturer’s recommendations.
Check and replace any belts or hoses that appear worn & check for oil and water leaks daily.
Outboard engines should be flushed with fresh water after operating in salt water.
Frequently inspect all impellers and pumps.
Watch for the beginning of corrosion and take preventative measures.
Check and service transmissions and lower units according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
Change fluids on a recommended schedule.
Keep shafts and props clean and functional.
Inspect all though-hull fittings. Ensure that valves are operational and can be opened and
closed easily.
Check all water strainers to make sure that they are clean and free of debris.

Question 12

Always allow the engine to ____ ___ before securing.

Answer 12

cool down

Question 13

Foam as a fire extinguisher

Answer 13

One of the best ways to extinguish Class B fires. Foam extinguishes fire by smothering. It consist os a chemical, when mixed with water, creates a blanket of bubbles that presents flammable vapors from the leaving the surface and oxygen form reading the fuel. The water in the foam also has a cooling effect. Foam is conductive so it should not be used on Class C fires. Water this is heavier than oil will since below burning oil, while foam will float on top of the burning oil and smother the fire.

Question 14

DRY CHEMICAL fire extinguishers

Answer 14

Dry chemical agents extinguish the fire by cooling, smothering, shielding of the radiant heat and to the greatest extent by breaking the combustion chain. Dry chemical extinguishing agents are chemicals in powder form. ABC, or multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers may, as the name implies, be used on Class A, B, and C fires, however; ABC dry chemical may only control, but not extinguish.

Question 15

Always allow the engine to ___ ___ before running at full speeds

Answer 15

Warm up

Question 16

The majority of failures in today’s boats are caused by

Answer 16

corroded electrical systems. Keep all electrical fittings dry, free of corrosion, and coat them with water repelling, non-conductive grease or corrosion inhibitors that meet manufacturer’s recommendations.

Question 17

the function of an air receiver in a compressed air system

Answer 17

it acts as an accumulator

Question 18

Gasoline vapors tend to sink and settle low in enclosed spaces. Vapors can also spread rapidly in enclosed spaces so

Answer 18

always check the bilges and all enclosed compartments for gasoline vapors. The sniff test is the most effective method for detecting fuel leaks.

Question 19

Some common causes of fire aboard vessels:

Answer 19

Combustible vapors igniting due to engine, machinery, or electrical source.
Hot exhaust pipe igniting adjacent combustible materials.
Spontaneous combustion of oil rags in poorly ventilated compartments.
Spark caused by static electricity during refueling.
Short-circuiting and overloading of the electrical system.
Smoking in bed.

Question 20

To prevent flammable gas accumulation

Answer 20

ventilate battery spaces

Question 21

Always make sure the ___ moves freely

Answer 21

throttle

Question 22

The Fire Triangle

Answer 22

Enough oxygen to sustain the fire, enough heater to raise the material to its ignition temperature and fuel or combustible material

Question 23

Portable foam fire extinguishers

Answer 23

Foam extinguishers are similar in appearance to most others, but they have a greater extinguishing capability. They may be used on Class A or B fires. To use the portable foam extinguisher, grasp the extinguisher’s hose and top carrying ring in one hand, lift the extinguisher off its hanger with the other hand. Carry the extinguisher to the fire in the upright position, once at the fire scene, and you are ready to discharge the extinguisher, turn it upside down at that time to operate it and discharge the foam. It is necessary to turn the extinguisher upside down in order to pressurize the container. However, do not invert the extinguisher until just before you are ready to use it.

Question 24

Class A fires

Answer 24

involve ordinary combustible materials such as wood, cloth, and paper.

Question 25

To reduce the accidental ignition of vapors, what should be done with all spark-producing devices in the bilge

Answer 25

they should be mounted high

Question 26

What three types of cables must be kept well-lubricated for continued smooth operation

Answer 26

• Steering
• throttles
• transmission

Question 27

To properly ventilate the vessel during and after fueling

Answer 27

you should open all ports, hatches and doors.

Question 28

CARBON MONOXIDE

Answer 28

A fire produces carbon monoxide (CO) when there is not enough oxygen present for the complete combustion of all of the carbon in the burning material. CO is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and nonirritating gas. However, it can cause death even in small concentrations. A person who is exposed to even a small concentration can become unconscious after two or three breaths. They could possible die in 1 to 3 minutes if left in the area. CO also has a wide explosive range. If CO is mixed with air; an open flame or even a spark can set off a violent explosion.

Question 29

During fueling, all passengers should be

Answer 29

onshore

Question 30

the normal way to stop a diesel is to turn off

Answer 30

the fuel supply

Question 31

inspect all exhausts

Answer 31

galley, engine and heater

Question 32

CO vs CO2

Answer 32

CO is produced when the combustion is incomplete, usually due to limited O2. CO2 is from complete combustion of all of the carbon.

Question 33

Most portable fire extinguishers are best operated using the following P.A.S.S. technique:

Answer 33

1, PULL - Pull the pin. This will also break the tamper seal.

2. AIM - Aim low, pointing the extinguisher nozzle
3. SQUEEZE - Squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent.
4. SWEEP - Sweep from side to side at the base of the fire until it appears to be out. Repeat 2 - 4 if needed.

Question 34

The main difference between gasoline and diesel fuel is

Answer 34

volatility

Question 35

Can you smoke or have open flaming during fueling?

Answer 35

No

Question 36

When a diesel will not start

Answer 36

check the over speed trip, for water or air int he fuel lines or for a blocked air flow (dirty air cleaner).

Question 37

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

Answer 37

s generated in some fires. It is also produced by the rotting of foods, cloth, leather, sewage, and other organic materials. H2S can be produced within 6 to 12 hours. Use caution when fighting fires around sewage systems and in spaces where there has been a sewage spill. H2S is a colorless gas that smells like rotten eggs. It can become explosive in the presence of a flame, and is extremely poisonous if breathed, even in low concentrations.

Question 38

Fire Preventative Measures (KRUCSI)

Answer 38

Keep the bilge and engine room clean and free of combustible materials.
Regularly check that engine rooms and machinery spaces are properly ventilated.
Use only appliances such as stoves and heaters that are approved for marine use.
Check fuel systems at regular intervals for leaks and spillage.
Spare fuel should be stored only in approved containers and kept in safe areas.
Inspect the electrical system for faults regularly and keep all components as clean as possible.

Question 39

The following are maintainance issues at freezing temperatures.

Answer 39

cracked engine blocks

dead batteries

sing a mixture of antifreeze and distilled water should prevent freezing. Be sure the seawater side is drained, i.e., exhaust manifold, cooler, pump. Make sure the seawater pump is not frozen before starting. Batteries should be kept fully charged. A discharged battery freezes at a higher
temperature than a fully charged one.

Question 40

keep batteries covered

Answer 40

to prevent accidental shorting

Question 41

Carbon dioxide (CO2) as a fire extinguisher

Answer 41

is excellent for smothering Class B and Class C fires. CO2 dilutes the air surrounding the fire until the oxygen content is to low to support combustion. CO2 will not damage the most delicate machinery or instruments. Because CO2 is a non-conductor of electricity, it can be safely used in fighting fires around energized electrical equipment. The qualities which make carbon dioxide a valuable extinguishing agent can also make it dangerous to personnel. When used to extinguish a fire, the discharged carbon dioxide replaces the oxygen in the air.

Enough carbon dioxide needs to be discharged so that combustion can no longer be sustained. However, at this point, respiration can no longer be sustained by personnel in the space. A person exposed to this concentration would suffer dizziness and unconsciousness. Unless removed quickly to fresh air, the individual will die. For this reason, fixed CO2 systems include an alarm that goes off to warn personnel in the engine room or closed compartment to evacuate before the carbon dioxide is discharged.

Due to the tendency of CO2 gas to dissipate in an open area, carbon dioxide is not recommended for fighting Class A fires.

Question 42

Dry chemical extinguishers

Answer 42

work by smothering the fire. There are several types commonly used. The “cartridge” type derives its name from the carbon dioxide cartridge which is punctured, forcing the extinguishing agent up to the nozzle. The “stored pressure” type, which is most common on smaller vessels, is fully pressurized when purchased and is available in the same sizes as cartridge-operated type. They have the same ranges and discharge durations. The only difference is that the propellant gas is mixed in with the dry chemical in the stored pressure type. A pressure gauge indicates the condition of the charge. To operate a cartridge-operated dry chemical extinguisher, pull the locking pin from the lever on the CO2 cartridge. The flow of dry chemical is controlled with the squeeze-grip on-off nozzle at the end of the hose.

The discharge is directed at the base of the fire, starting at the near edge. The stream should be moved from side to side with rapid sweeping motions, to sweep the fire off the fuel. The initial discharge should not be directed onto the burning material from close range. The velocity of the stream may scatter the burning material.

Question 43

The air intake of the carburetor must have

Answer 43

flame arrestors

Question 44

when a diesel runs out of control,

Answer 44

shut off the air

Question 45

For safety, adhere to the “One-Third Rule.”

Answer 45

Use one-third of your fuel to get out, one-third to get back and one-third in reserve.

Question 46

Class B

Answer 46

involve flammable and combustible liquids and gases, such as solvents, greases, gasoline, and lubricating oil.

Question 47

Always ensure proper ____ ____ _____ and ____ ___ ___ ___ before increasing speed from idle.

Answer 47

lube oil pressure and drive gear oil pressure

Question 48

Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers

Answer 48

This type of extinguisher is filled with Carbon Dioxide (CO2), a non-flammable gas under extreme pressure. These extinguishers put out fires by displacing oxygen, or taking away the oxygen element of the fire triangle. Because of its high pressure, when you use this extinguisher pieces of dry ice shoot from the horn, which also has a cooling effect on the fire. You can recognize this type of extinguisher by its hard horn and NO pressure gauge. CO2 cylinders are red and range in size from five to 100 pounds or larger. CO2 extinguishers are designed for Class B and C (flammable liquid and electrical) fires only. They are classified by weight; the most common size of portable
extinguisher is 15 pounds. The horn gets cold enough to frost over and cause frostbite if held. Coast Guard regulations state that an extinguisher which has lost more than 10 percent of the charge, must be refilled by a servicing facility. Portable CO2 extinguishers should also be recharged after each use, even if it was only partly discharge.

The horn should be aimed first at the base of the fire and slowly moved forward in a sweeping motion. The result should be a “sweeping” motion leaving a carbon dioxide “snow” on the surface. On Class C fires the horn should be aimed at the base of the fire with the electrical equipment de-energized if at all possible, to eliminate the chance of shock and the source of ignition. When discharging a CO2 cylinder on a fire, always keep the cylinder bottle in contact with deck. Static electricity will build as the CO2 discharges; keeping the cylinder in contact with the deck will prevent a discharge of static electricity to the operator.

Question 49

Always keep the ____ level as dry as possible

Answer 49

Blidge

Question 50

Never start a diesel with a c

Answer 50

closed blower damper, the engine might suck in the blower oil seals, causing significant damage.