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Neuroanatomy Exam 1 > DC-ML Pathway > Flashcards

DC-ML Pathway Flashcards

1
Q

What does it relay

A
  1. Discriminitive touch sensation
  2. Stereognosis
  3. Vibratory sense
  4. Proprioception
  5. Light touch
    ALL to the contralateral sensory cortex
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2
Q

It is an ascending pathway that consists of a sequence of

A

3 neurons connecting the receptor to the primary somatosensory cortex where the sensory info enters conscious perception

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3
Q

Receptors

A
  1. Free nerve endings
  2. Peritrichial nerve endings
  3. Muscle spindles
  4. GTOs
  5. Merkel discs
  6. Meissner’s corpuscles
  7. Pacinian corpuscles
  8. Ruffini end organs
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4
Q

Free nerve endings

A

respond to touch, pressure, and proprioception in the skin, muscles and joint capsules

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5
Q

Peritrichial nerve endings

A

respond to touch around root of hair follicles

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6
Q

Muscle spindles

A

proprioceptors

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7
Q

GTOs

A

proprioceptors

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8
Q

Merkel discs

A

discriminitive touch, superfificla pressure in skin, perception of shape and texture of an object

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9
Q

Meissner’s corpuscles

A

2 point discriminative touch in skin

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10
Q

Pacinian corpuscles

A

touch, deep pressure and vibratory sensation in the skin and visceral structures

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11
Q

Ruffini end organs

A

proprioception - respond to stretching of collagen in the skin

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12
Q

Location of the receptors

A

in the skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, periosteum, viscera

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13
Q

Neuron 1 cell body

A

in DRG

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14
Q

Neuron 2 cell body

A

in NG or NC

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15
Q

Neuron 3 cell body

A

in ventral posterior lateral nucleus of thalamus

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16
Q

Fasciculus Gracilis

A

Close to midline

carries input from bottom half of the body up to the medulla

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17
Q

Fasciculus Cuneatus

A

carries input from upper half of the body to the medulla

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18
Q

FC is present at

A

C1 to T6 spinal cord levels (input C2 - T6 though since C1 is ONLY motor)

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19
Q

FG is present at

A

all spinal cord levels

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20
Q

Where is FG the thickest

A

T7 and then does not get thicker

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21
Q

Where is Fc the thickest

A

C1 (not new at C1 though since only motor)

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22
Q

Central process of neuron 1 runs in

A

dorsal root of a spinal nerve, enters the spinal cord, and ascends ipsilaterally in the dorsal column in either Fc or FG

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23
Q

If sensory input is coming from the upper limb or upper trunk the central process does what?

A

it will enter the spinal cord and join the ipsilateral FC

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24
Q

Fibers from cervical levels are located

A

most lateral

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25
Q

If sensory input is coming from the lower limb or lower trunk the central process does what

A

enters the spinal cord and then joins the ipsilateral FG

26
Q

Fibers from sacral levels are

A

most medial

27
Q

If we looked at spinal cord at any spinal level we would see

A

FG in the dorsal column since it starts at bottom of spinal cord and ascends

28
Q

FG and FC together form the

A

dorsal/posterior column of the spinal cord

29
Q

The FG and FC ascend and terminate in the

A

caudal medulla where the cetnral processes of the first order neurons synapse in their respective nuclei (nuclei gracilis and nuclei cuneatus)

30
Q

Neuron 2 (second order neuron) cell body is located

A

in the NG or NC (in the medulla)

31
Q

They second order neurons give rise to

A

axons that exit the NG or NC and they curve medially to form an arc –> internal arcuate fibers

32
Q

The internal arcuate fibers

A

cross the midline (sensory decussation) and then gather to form the medial lemniscus

33
Q

The medial lemniscus is a

A

crossed tract that carries sensory information derived from the opposite side of the body

34
Q

Where does the medial lemniscus ascend to

A

the ventral posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus where its terminals synapse with the third order neurons

35
Q

Third order neuron cell body is in

A

the VPL of the thalamus

36
Q

Third order neuron axon will exit the thalamus…

A

and ascend through the internal capsule to terminate in the postcentral gyrus (BRodmanns areas 3, 1, 2 and 3a) and the primary somatosensory cortex (in the parietal lobe)

37
Q

When sensory info gets to the primary somatosensory cortex

A

it enters conciousness

38
Q

THe primary somatosensory cortex projects to the

A

sensory association cortexx where the sensory info is interpreted

39
Q

DC-ML pathway is organized in what way

A

somatotopically from receptor to cortex

40
Q

Sensory info from one side of the body is relayed by the DC-ML to

A

the contralateral sensory cortex

41
Q

Medial surface of the postcentral gyrus blood supply

A

Hip, leg, and foot area

Anterior cerebral artery

42
Q

Lateral surface of the postcentral gyrus blood supply

A

trunk, upper limb, head area

Middle cerebral artery

43
Q

Posterior limb of the internal capsule blood supply

A

lenticulostriate arteries (branches of middle cerebral)

44
Q

Thalamus blood supply

A

thalamogeniculate arteries (branches of post cerebral artery)

45
Q

Midbrain blood supply

A

posterior cerebral artery

46
Q

Pons blood supply

A

branches of the basilar artery/ AICA

47
Q

Rostal medualla blood supply

A

ML is supplied by the vertebral artery/ant spinal artery

48
Q

Caudal medulla blood supply

A

ML here is supplied by the anterior spinal artery

NG and NC here are supplied by the post spinal arteries

49
Q

Cervical spinal cord

A

DCs here are supplied by the posterior spinal arteries

50
Q

A unilateral lesion of the dorsal column results in what kind of deficits

A

ipsilateral at and below the level of the lesion

51
Q

A unilateral lesion of the medial lemniscus will result in loss of

A

the above contralateral side

52
Q

A unilateral lesion of the third order neuron axons while traversing the internal capsule will result in loss

A

above on the contralateral side of the body

53
Q

A unilateral lesion of the primary somatosensory cortex will results in loss

A

above on the contralateral side of the body

54
Q

A lesion in the thalamus or above results in deficits in the

A

contralateral side of the body

55
Q

Sensory ataxia

A 
sensory incoordination (stamp and stick ataxia)
Losing sensation/proprioception so has to use other receptors to become consciously aware
56
Q

Rhomberg’s sign

A

difficulty maintaining balance with eyes closed and feet together

57
Q

Anterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

sensory deficits in contralateral leg and foot

58
Q

Middle cerebral artery occlusion

A

sensory deficits in contralateral UL and face

59
Q

Occlusion of the lenticulostriate arteries

A

sensory deficits in the contralateral side of the body

60
Q

Occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery –>

A

deficits in the contralateral side of the body

61
Q

Basilar artery occlusion (in cuadal pons) –>

A

deficits in the contralateral side of the body

62
Q

Vertebral artery occlusion (in rostral medulla)

A

deficits in the contralateral side of the body

Neuroanatomy Exam 1 (9 decks)

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