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Neuroanatomy Exam 1 > ALS Pathway > Flashcards

ALS Pathway Flashcards

1
Q

Nociception

A

physiological reception

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2
Q

Pain

A

subjective perception or feeling

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3
Q

ALS does what

A

conveys nociception, thermal, and non-discriminative touch sensation from body to higher brain centers

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4
Q

What tracts are involved? Anatomically

A
  1. Spinothalamic
  2. Spinoreticular
  3. Spinomesencephalic
  4. Spinotectal
  5. Spinohypothalamic
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5
Q

Phylogenetic names for the tracts

A 
Neospinothalamic system (direct) 
Paleospinothalamic System (indirect)
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6
Q

Neospinothalamic System

A 
Direct
Spinal cord --> thalamus --> sensory cortex
about 15% of nociceptive fibers 
(spinothalamic tract)
Conscious levels
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7
Q

Paleospinothalamic System

A

indirect
Spinal cord –> RF –> thalamus –> hypothalamus –> limbic cortex
about 85% of nociceptive fibers
Unconscious levels

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8
Q

Dermatome

A

a stripe or band of skin that is innervated by a pair of spinal nerves

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9
Q

A lesion to a dorsal root or spinal nerve results in

A

sensory deficits in a degmental distribution

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10
Q

Neo path

A

fast, sharp, well localized pain sensation

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11
Q

Neo path consists of

receptors?

A

3 neuron pathway with receptors being free nerve endings

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12
Q

Neuron 1 cell body Neo path

A

DRG

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13
Q

Neuron 2 cell body Neo path

A

Dorsal horn of spinal cord

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14
Q

Neuron 3 cell body Neo path

A

VPL of thalamus

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15
Q

Neo pathway is __ organized

A

somatotopically

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16
Q

Fibers of neuron one (neo path)

A

thinly myelinated A-delta fibers

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17
Q

The peripheral process od neo path terminates

A

in a somatic or visceral structure as a free nerve ending

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18
Q

The central process of neo path runs

A

in dorsal root of spinal nerve and enters the zone of Lissauer in the white matter
then bifurcates into short asc and desc that ascend or descend 1-3 segments and then enter gray matter to synapse

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19
Q

Neo path - Second order neuron cell body is located in

A

dorsal horn of spinal cord

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20
Q

Neo path - Second order neuron cell body then does what

A

decussates in anterior white commissure to opp side and ascends in anterior or lateral (most) spinothalamic tract to terminate in VPL of thalamus

21
Q

Neo path - third order neuron cell body in

A

VPL of thalamus

22
Q

Neo path - third order neuron axon does what

A

traverses the posterior limb of internal capsule and the corona radiata to ascend to prmary somatosensory cortex (Brod 3, 1, 2) in postcentral gryus –> consciousness

23
Q

Primary somatosensory cortex projects to

A

projects to the secondary somatosensory cortex where interpretation and storage of info takes place

24
Q

Paleo path consists of

A

multisynaptic neural sequence
relays slow, dull, poorly localized pain sensation to limbic cortex or hypothalamus
Like an alerting system (pain in night)

25
Q

LImbic cortex processes

A

learning, memory, emotions and drives

26
Q

Hypothalamus functions in

A

autonomic and reflex responses to pain

Sets off protective autonomic reflex responses to protect body

27
Q

Receptors for paleo path

A

free nerve endings of pseudounipolar neurons

28
Q 
Paleo path - first order neuron 
Fibers
Peripheral process
Cell body
Central process
A

Fibers are nonmyelinated C fiebrs
Peripheral process teminates in a somatic or visceral structure as a free nerve ending
Cell body is in DRG
Central process terminates in dorsal horn

29
Q

Paleo path - second order neuron

Cell body

A

Dorsal horn of the spinal cord

30
Q

Paleo path - second order neuron…what does it do

A

Ascend ipsilaterally

The axons from the spinoreticular tract to terminate in retifular formation

31
Q

Reticular formation is involved in

A

arousal and wakefulness

32
Q

Reticular formation projects to the

A

intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and limbic cortex

33
Q

Intralaminar nuclei are ___ organized

A

not somatotomically organized so nociception is poorly localized

34
Q

Spinomesencephalic tract terminates in the

A

terminates in the periaqueductal gray matter and midbrain raphe nuclei
Fibers from the brainstem descend to the spinal cord where they modulat the transmission of nociception

35
Q

Spinotectal Tract terminates

A

terminates in the superior colliculus which is involved in the reflex turning of the head, and upper body toward a noxious stimulus

36
Q

Spinohypothalamic tract terminates

A

in the hypothalamus where it stimulates they hypothalamospinal tract which is involved in autonomic and reflex responses to noxous stimulus

37
Q

Anterolateral cordotomy or tractotomy of lateral spinothalamic tract is performed to

A

alleviate intractable pain

38
Q

The lateral spinothalamic tract is sectioned

A

contralateral to the side of pain and 2 or more segments below the level of the lesion

39
Q

If pain at L1 on left side where should lesion be made?

A

at T9 on the opposite side (right side)

fourth level above the origin of the pain

40
Q

A unilateral lesion of the spinothalamic tract will result in

A

loss of pain and temp sensaion on the contralateral side of the body, two or more segments below the level of the lesion

41
Q

A unilateral lesion involving the VPL or internal capsule or primary somatosensory cortex will result in

A

loss of pain anf temp sens from opposite side of the body

42
Q

If there is a lesion in the cingulate or insular cortexx patients are

A

consciously aware of the pain but they dont seem to experience the affective component of pain and dont have emotional response to it

43
Q

Anertior cerebral artery occlusion

A

sensory deficits in contralateral leg and foot

44
Q

Middle cerebral artery occlusion

A

sensory deficits in contralateral UL and face

45
Q

Lenticulostraite artery occlusion

A

sensory deficits on contraalteral side of body

46
Q

Posterior cerebral artery occlusion

A

deficitss in contralateral side fo body

47
Q

Caudal Pons -AICA and basilar

A

Spinothalamic tract

48
Q

Rostal Medulla - vertebral artery and PICA

A

Spinothalamic tract

49
Q

ALS is supplied by the

A

anerior spinal artery at spinal cord levels

Neuroanatomy Exam 1 (9 decks)

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