Day2

Question 1

What spp. is described?

• frequent lab contaminants
• widely distributed, particularlysoil
• large, GPR , square ended spore forming
• Colonies are spreading, dry, granular, gray-green and usually beta

Answer 1

Non pathogenic Bacillus spp.

Question 2

Bacillus spp that can cause food poisoning but usually non pathogenic

Answer 2

Bacillus cereus

Question 3

Bacillus spp that is usually a contaminant (non pathogenic)

Answer 3

Bacillus subtilis

Question 4

What organism is the primary human pathogen in the Bacillus genus ?

Answer 4

Bacillus anthracis

Question 5

Why is the military concerned about B.anthracis?

Answer 5

It has a potential to be used as a biological weapon

Question 6

Describe the appearance of B.anthracis spores

Answer 6

Ellipsoidal to cylindrical centrally located spore

Question 7

What organism is described: frequently long chains, bamboo or “box car” appearance.

Answer 7

Bacillus anthracis

Question 8

Why is motility and hemolysis particularly important when differentiating between Bacillus spp.

Answer 8

• Bacillus anthracis is non-motile; other species are motile

- Bacillus anthracis is gamma hemolytic; other species are usually beta

Question 9

What gives bacillus anthracis its virulence?

Answer 9

Encapsulated and toxin-producing

Question 10

Describe Pulmonary Anthrax.

Answer 10

Woolsorter’s disease, spores INHALED during shearing, sorting or handling of animal hair or skin

Question 11

Describe Gastrointestinal Anthrax

Answer 11

Most rare; bacilli or spores gain entrance into the body when swallowed or ingested

Question 12

Describe Cutaneous Anthrax

Answer 12

Infection initiated by entrance of bacilli through abrasions in the skin

Question 13

What extreme caution must be taken when handling Bacillus anthracis?

Answer 13

Using Bacteriological safety hood

Question 14

Another name for Corynebacterium spp?

Answer 14

Diptheroids

Question 15

What organism is described:

• gram positive slender pleomorphic rods
• colonies are ORANGE to CREAM in color
• GARLIC odor
• Non pathogenic; NF of skin and mucous membranes

Answer 15

Corynebacterium spp.( Diptheroids)

Question 16

Describe Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Answer 16

• small Gram positive
• very pleomorphic, slender bacilli
• found in CHINESE LETTER or PALISADES configuration

Question 17

What are the 3 subspecies of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

Answer 17

Gravis
Intermedius
Mitis

Question 18

What do the three subspecies of Corynebacterium diphtheriae all have in common?

Answer 18

They all cause “Diphtheria”

Question 19

What are the three types of media used for Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

Answer 19

BAP
Loeffler’s Serum
Cystine-Tellurite

Question 20

Purpose of Loeffler’s Serum Media?

Answer 20

promotes the pleomorphic appearance; enhances identification of meta chromatic granules

Question 21

Purpose of Cystine-Tellurite?

Answer 21

Allows for colony morphological differentiation of subspecies

Question 22

Describe colony of C.diphtheriae mitis.

Answer 22

small
black
shiny
convex
round
beta hemolytic

Question 23

Describe colony for C.diphtheriae intermedius.

Answer 23

Small
Flat
Non hemolytic

Question 24

Describe colony of C.diphtheriae gravis.

Answer 24

Large
Dark grey center
Brittle
Non hemolytic

Question 25

What are the symptoms of diphtheria? What causes them?

Answer 25

Soreness in throat, pharynx and larynx; followed by myocarditis and neuritis caused by and EXOTOXIN

Question 26

True or false:

Corynebacterium spp. are motile

Answer 26

False, they are non motile

Question 27

What is Elek?

Answer 27

Toxin testing used to differentiate pathogenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae from non pathogenic

Question 28

What is used to ID Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

Answer 28

Toxin testing(Elek) and Carbohydrate testing

Question 29

What organism is a major pathogen of the Listeria spp. and is most often encountered in clinical lab?

Answer 29

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 30

What diseases does Listeria monocytogenes cause?

Answer 30

• Nonspecific febrile illness in pregnant women, which may lead to stillbirths
• Meningitis in adults
• Sepsis and/or meningitis in neonates

Question 31

Describe motility of Listeria spp.

Answer 31

25 degrees Celsius= umbrella motility

37 degrees Celsius= non-motile

Question 32

What are the characteristics of Lactobacillus spp?

Answer 32

Catalase neg
Non-motile
Non-spore forming
Facultative anaerobes or microaerophilic

Question 33

True or false:

Lactobacillus is Normal flora of the oral, intestinal and vaginal tract.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

What disease does Lactobacillus cause?

Answer 34

• Usually non pathogenic
• isolated in cases of endocarditis, septicemia and meningitis
• Frequent contaminant in urine cultures

Question 35

Describe hemolysis characteristics of Listeria spp.

Answer 35

Narrow zone of beta hemolysis

Question 36

What is characteristic about the morphology/ gram stain of Gardnerella vaginalis?

Answer 36

resembles a gram negative bacilli but has the cell wall of a gram positive organism; appears GRAM VARIABLE

Question 37

Why is Gardnerella vaginalis considered to be marker of bacterial vaginosis rather than a causative agent?

Answer 37

Gardnerella vaginalis can be part of many women’s normal flora.

Question 38

What is a clue cell?

Answer 38

Epithelial cells covered by gram variable bacilli

Question 39

What organism considered to be a veterinary pathogen ?

Answer 39

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Question 40

What organism causes a cellulitis-like lesion on the hands?

Answer 40

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Question 41

What organism cannot be clinically distinguished from BSGA?

Answer 41

Arcanobacterium haemolyticus

Question 42

What organism produces toxins: Phospholipase D and Hemolysin, and the enzyme Neuramindase?

Answer 42

Arcanobacterium haemolyticus

Question 43

What organism was formerly classified in the genus Corynebacterium?

Answer 43

Arcanobacterium haemolyticus