Day 6 First Aid Training Flashcards
What are the priorities of first aid
Check safety
Do no harm
Preserve life
Alleviate suffering
Prevent worsening
Promote recovery
What are the first aid duties, and in which order
Assess-identify-give-treatment-monitor-report
Repeat
Who can prescribe drugs to PAX
NOT CC
only doctors can prescribe drugs
Or PAX can take their own medication
What is the general procedure regarding ‘seriously ill’ pax
Inform FD
Assess acroding to BLS algorithm
Find medical personnel
What is the first aid team made up of
-2first aiders
-1communicator
-At least 1 that keeps an eye on situation, looks after other pax
What should you ask a doctor that you have asked for help
Their medical qualifications
What things may the CMD do during a medical issue
Decision of:diversion/pax disembarkation
Contact doctor on ground for assistance
Order ambulance
When should a report of a medical incident to airport be made
Maximum 24 hours
What aspects cabin environment make a medical incident more likely to occur or aggravate existing conditions
-low air pressure
-Low humidity (dehydration)
-air quality
-exposure to alcohol
How much water should be drunk per hour on a plane
At least 200 ml
What is the humidity inside aircraft cabin
10-20%
Average 12%
What are symptoms of mild dehydration
Headache
dizziness
Irritated/ sore eyes, throat, nose
Dry skin
What are symptoms of severe dehydration
Increased heart, breathing rate
Unconscious
Muscle weakness
How much will sense of taste be reduced at altitude
30%
What things may cause hypoxia, state internal and external factors
Internal:lung and heart issues, bleeding, shock choking
External:lack of oxygen in air
What may be symptoms of hypoxia
Rapid breathing
Difficulty with speaking
Cyanosis ( bluish grey ) lips, fingertips
Anxiety
Headache
Nausea
Euphoria
Inability to perform simple tasks
Fatigue
How can hypoxia be treated
Supply O2
Factors that contribute to hypoxia tolerance:
-fatigue
-physical exertion
-alcohol
-night time
How should hyperventilation NOT be treated
Administering oxygen
Breathing through bag
What is barotrauma
Damage/pain/pressure to ear due to pressure differences in and out
What conditions may increase the likelihood of barotrauma
Blocked sinuses
How should mild barotrauma be treated
Yawning
Equalising
Chewing
What should be actions in case of severe barotrauma, eardrums burst
DO NOT block bleeding from ear
Inform FD, who will likely commence diversion
Ask FD for gradual descent
By how much may trapped gases in stomach expand during a flight
25-30%
What may be symptoms of decompression sickness
-vertigo
-confusion
-dizziness
-nausea
-joint pain
-skin irritation
-visual disturbances
A scuba diver has dove 12 metres underwater, how long must they wait before flying
At least 48 hours
<10 m: 24 hours
>10 m: 48 hours
A scuba diver has dove 4 metres underwater, how long must they wait before flying
At least 24 hours
How should decompression sickness be treated
Provide O2
Lower altitude
Consider diversion
Hospitalise, use hyperbaric chamber
Where should PAX with nausea be seated
Front of plane
Less movement
Explain BAP
Brain
Airways
Pulse
How do you test consciousness
Awake, aware
Verbal stimuli
Pressure, pain stimuli
Unconscious
How do you prevent an unconscious person choking on tongue
Chin lift
Jaw thrust if suspected spine damage
How can you tell if someone is breathing
Look:chest moving?
Feel:breath
Hear:breath
How often should someone breath every 10 secs
2 or more
When do you start CPR
If person not breathing (less than 2 breaths per 10seconds)
Abnormal breathing
After how many minutes without oxygen will the brain experience brain damage
3-5
After how many minutes without oxygen will the brain experience brain death
7-8
What are the 4 vital signs
Breathing rate
Skin colour
Body temp
Pulse
What is the acceptable breathing rate of INF, child and adult
Adult-12 to 20/min
Child:20 to 30
INF: 30-50
What will cyanosis indicate
Low O2 saturation in blood,
What should be the core body temperature of a person
37 C
What will cyanosis in light, dark and yellow skinned people look like
White:blue
Dark:grey white
Yellow:grey green
What is the acceptable range of pulse of adult child and INF
Adult 60-100
Child 70-140
INF 90-150
SAMPLE assessment is
Symptoms, signs
Allergies
Medications
Previous medical history
Last thing consumed
Events beforehand
What abbreviation is used for pain assessment
Words to describe Paine
Intensity
Location
Duration
Alleviating/aggravating
What external signs may indicate someone’s condition
-medication
-bracelet, tattoo
-medical certificate
-smartphone, medical IDs
What is an RPD and POD
Respiratory personal device
Portable oxygen container
What is the purpose of the recovery position
-opens airways
-allows liquids to drain from mouth
-stable position
How do you treat for asthma
-inhaler
-provide oxygen-high flow
-coach through breathing
Why may you seek medical assistance after an asthma attack
-1st asthma attack
-2nd dose of inhlaler ineffective
-symptoms getting worse
What is COPD, how do you tread
Chronic, obstructive pulmonary disease
Treat like asthma
How should you treat allergic reactions
Remove allergen
Take medication
After 5-10 mins symptoms not improving take 2nd dose
Give O2
Get medical help if
If sever symptoms showing
No improvement to symptoms
What acronym is used to diagnose stroke
Face
Arms
Speech
Time
How should a stroke be treated
Raise legs
Provide O2
Land
Why should a stroke victim not be given food
May have lost control of digestive system, cause choking
What is the procedure for a seizure adult
Mild:
Calm patient
Note time
Remove dangerous objects nearby
Tay with them until recovery
Severe
Same as mild +
Seek doctor
Pad areas around them
Loosen tight clothing
When should you seek medical help during a seizure
If first seizure
Seizure lasts >5 mins
Unconscious for >10 mins
If seizure repeats
Symptoms worsen
How should febral seizures be treated
-remove excess clothing
-Turn off air vents
-cool baby
What are symptoms of heart attack
Chest pain
Breathlessness
Dizziness
How should heart attacks be approached
Position semi-seated
Find doctor
Allow use of heart medication
Use Aspirin
Nitroglycerin
O2 high flow
When dealing with a DVT, should you encourage the PAX to move? Why
NO-this may dislodge the clot and travel to heart and longs causing further damage eg. Embolism
What is shock
A state where the body cannot provide enough blood or nutrients to tissue
What is hypovolemia
LOW VOLUME IN TISSUE
Loss of fluid, due to
Vomiting, diarrhoea, bleeding
How should shock be treated
Treat cause of shock
Hypovolemic:stop bleeding
Hypoglycemic:give sugary drink
Allergic reaction:EpiPen
Severe Burns-dehydration:keep warm
How should a person experiencing shock be positioned
Lay flat on ground, legs raised
Loosen tight clothing
Keep warm
Provide O2
What should be done after discovering fainted person
Check breathing
Open airways
Place in recovery position
Lower cabin temp
Once awake advise to stay lied down
Sit up slowly once conscious
Determine cause of faint
Provide sugary drink
Minitor
The concentration of WHAT chemical in the blood cannot be regulated by a diabetic person
Sugar, glucose
How does insulin affect blood sugar levels
Reduces
Should a hyperglycaemic person take insulin?
YES,
hypo, NO
Why should you prepare an isotonic drink
Replenish lost glucose and salts
How should you make an isotonic drink
1 L of H2O with
1 teaspoons salt
5 teaspoons sugar
During a childbirth, how should you ‘pay attention to hygiene’
Wearing gloves
How should a mother giving birth be positioned
Grasping knees
