Day 4 Flashcards
Aphasia
A loss of the ability to communicate following stroke or head injury
AIDS
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome. A viral disease that depresses the body’s immune system
Arthritis
Any if several disorders that cause inflammation of the joints
Asthma
A chronic respiratory disorder that causes narrowing of bronchial passages and difficulty breathing
Autonomic nervous system
The part of the nervous system that controls actions such as breathing heartbeat and digestion
Benign
Referring to a tumor that generally grows slowly and stays localized
Body system
A group of organs that work together to carry out a primary body function
Bursitis
Inflammation of the bursa, the small fluid filled sacs that cushion many joints
Cancer
The uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body’s tissues and organs
Cartilage
Connective tissue that cushions joints and prevents the ends of bones from rubbing together
Cell
The basic structural unit of all living things
CNS
Part of the nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord which together regulate all bodily functions
CVA
A stroke. Interruption of blood flow to the brain which may be caused by hemorrhage thrombus embolus or artherosclerosis
Chronic bronchitis
Persistent or recurrent inflammation of the air tubes in the lungs
Colostomy
Type of ostomy where a portion of the large intestine is brought through an incision in the abdominal wall
Contracture
A permanent tightening of shortening of a muscle
Diabetes mellitus
A disease in which the pancreas does not secrete enough insulin resulting in high amounts of glucose in the blood
Diabetic coma
State of unconsciousness and unresponsive ness caused by severe hyperglycemia
Dialysis
the removal of waste products from the blood by hemodialysis
Edema
Swelling of the body tissue due to excessive accumulation of fluid
Embolus
A clot or other mass that travels through the bloodstream and eventually blocks a blood vessel
Emesis
Vomit
Emphysema
Chronic disorder of the lungs in which the alveoli can no longer expand and contract completely and the normal exchange of oxygen and CO2 cannot occur
Endocrine gland
Ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream
Exocrine gland
A gland that secretes into ducts that lead to other body organs out of the body
Gland
Any organ that produces a secretion to be used elsewhere in the body
Glaucoma
An eye disease in which there is too much pressure of fluid in the eye causing damage to the retina and optic nerve
Hemiplegia
Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body commonly due to a stroke
Hip pinning
Medical procedure used to repair a hip fracture by fastening the two bone ends with a long metal pin
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. Invades and destroys T cells
Insulin shock
Shock caused by hypoglycemia usually caused by an overdose of insulin or insufficient food intake
Lesion
Localized abnormality of the skin such as a wound sore or rash caused by injury or disease
Ostomy
A surgical procedure in which an artificial opening is created
Paraplegic
Paralysis of lower half of body
PNS
Cranial and spinal nerves
Stoma
An artificial opening of an internal organ on the surface of the body
Tendon
String bands of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
Thrombus
A blood clot that forms and clots a vessel
Traction
Method that uses weights and pulleys to immobilize broken bones while they heal
TB
A chronic infectious lung disease caused by bacteria which is transmitted through droplets released by sneezing and coughing
Tumor
Any new growth in the body
Karposi sarcoma
A cancer associated with AIDS and causes skin lesions
Pneumonocystis carinil pneumonia
A lung infection only prevalent in AIDSpatients
Metastasis
Occurs once a cancer has spread through the lymph, nodes, or bloodstream
URI
Caused by bacteria or viruses that invade the UR tract
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria or virus
COPD
Lung disease that permanently disrupts air flow in the respiratory system. Includes chronic bronchitis emphysema and asthma
Lung cancers
One of the most common sites for cancer. Tied closely to cigarette smoking. Symptoms are consistent coughing up blood shortness of breath wheezing pain in chest and weight loss
Type 1 diabetes
Do not produce any insulin
Type 2 diabetes
Not as efficient at producing insulin
Parkinson’s disease
Part of the brain slowly degenerates. Mask like facial expression, trembling or shuffling walk, stooped posture, stiff muscles, slow movements, slurred or monotone speech, and drooling
Multiple sclerosis
Loss of myelin sheath. Visual disturbances, fatigue, blindness, contractures, paralysis, loss of bowel/bladder control, respiratory weakness
Epilepsy
Electrical disturbances in the brain resulting in seizures.
Meningitis
Inflammation of the meninges. Headaches, nausea, stiff neck, convulsions, chills, and high temp
Right brain injuries
Partial or complete paralysis of left side and loss of sensation
Difficulty in judging size, distance, and rate of movement
May act impulsively and unsafe
Left brain injuries
Right paralysis and loss of sensation
Aphasia
Act cautiously and slowly
Cerebral palsy
Unable to control muscles. May not be mentally impaired
Autism
Withdrawn and in world of own.
Cystic fibrosis
Affects mucous glands of respiratory system. Clogs lungs and causes chronic resp problems. Die before 26
Spina bifida
Birth defect in which the vertebrae fail to develop properly. Disabilities range Fromm,eg weakness to complete leg paralysis and cerebral palsy
Depression
Fatigue, lethargy, crying spells, trouble sleeping, withdrawal, and inability to concentrate. Headaches, backaches, and stiff joints
Agitation
Aimless wandering, pacing, cursing, screaming, spitting, biting, asking same question, demanding
Age specific care considerations
Every patient has safety communication and comfort needs. How these needs are met depends on the age and stage of life of patient
Cognitive impairment
Impairment of mental processes such as memory, judgement, and perception
Holistic health
The view in health care that regards the body, mind, and spirit as interrelated dimensions of a persons being
Airborne transmission
Transmission of microorganisms by evaporated droplets or dust particles moving throughout the air
Bacteria
Single called microscopic organisms
Clean
Referring to an object or area not contaminated by pathogens but not necessarily sterile
Formite
Any object that is contaminated with pathogens and can transmit disease
Isolation
Specific procedures and precautions designed to prevent a patient from infecting others or being infected by others. May involve housing a patient in a separate room.
Medical asepsis
Practices and procedures to maintain a clean environment by removing or destroying disease causing organisms. Clean technique
Mucus
Sticky substance secreted by mucous membranes in the lungs nose and other parts of the body which provides lubrication and helps to trap and kill microorganisms
Nosocomial infection
An infection acquired while in a health care facility.
Sharps
Needles, scalpels, razors, and any other sharp potentially dangerous object used in a health care facility
Staph
A type of bacteria that is a common cause of infection
Strep
A type of bacteria that is a common cause of chest and throat infections
Terminal cleaning
Thorough cleaning of the patient unit after discharge
Decubitus ulcer
Bedsore or pressure sore usually caused by remaining in a lying position for a prolonged period of time
Pressure point
An area on the body that bears the body’s weight when lying or sitting and where the bones lie close to the skins surface
