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CNA > Day 4 > Flashcards

Day 4 Flashcards

0
Q

Aphasia

A

A loss of the ability to communicate following stroke or head injury

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1
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome. A viral disease that depresses the body’s immune system

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2
Q

Arthritis

A

Any if several disorders that cause inflammation of the joints

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3
Q

Asthma

A

A chronic respiratory disorder that causes narrowing of bronchial passages and difficulty breathing

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4
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

The part of the nervous system that controls actions such as breathing heartbeat and digestion

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5
Q

Benign

A

Referring to a tumor that generally grows slowly and stays localized

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6
Q

Body system

A

A group of organs that work together to carry out a primary body function

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7
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the bursa, the small fluid filled sacs that cushion many joints

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8
Q

Cancer

A

The uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body’s tissues and organs

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9
Q

Cartilage

A

Connective tissue that cushions joints and prevents the ends of bones from rubbing together

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10
Q

Cell

A

The basic structural unit of all living things

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11
Q

CNS

A

Part of the nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord which together regulate all bodily functions

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12
Q

CVA

A

A stroke. Interruption of blood flow to the brain which may be caused by hemorrhage thrombus embolus or artherosclerosis

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13
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Persistent or recurrent inflammation of the air tubes in the lungs

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14
Q

Colostomy

A

Type of ostomy where a portion of the large intestine is brought through an incision in the abdominal wall

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15
Q

Contracture

A

A permanent tightening of shortening of a muscle

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16
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

A disease in which the pancreas does not secrete enough insulin resulting in high amounts of glucose in the blood

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17
Q

Diabetic coma

A

State of unconsciousness and unresponsive ness caused by severe hyperglycemia

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18
Q

Dialysis

A

the removal of waste products from the blood by hemodialysis

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19
Q

Edema

A

Swelling of the body tissue due to excessive accumulation of fluid

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20
Q

Embolus

A

A clot or other mass that travels through the bloodstream and eventually blocks a blood vessel

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21
Q

Emesis

A

Vomit

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22
Q

Emphysema

A

Chronic disorder of the lungs in which the alveoli can no longer expand and contract completely and the normal exchange of oxygen and CO2 cannot occur

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23
Q

Endocrine gland

A

Ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream

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24
Q

Exocrine gland

A

A gland that secretes into ducts that lead to other body organs out of the body

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25
Q

Gland

A

Any organ that produces a secretion to be used elsewhere in the body

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26
Q

Glaucoma

A

An eye disease in which there is too much pressure of fluid in the eye causing damage to the retina and optic nerve

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27
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body commonly due to a stroke

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28
Q

Hip pinning

A

Medical procedure used to repair a hip fracture by fastening the two bone ends with a long metal pin

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29
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. Invades and destroys T cells

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30
Q

Insulin shock

A

Shock caused by hypoglycemia usually caused by an overdose of insulin or insufficient food intake

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31
Q

Lesion

A

Localized abnormality of the skin such as a wound sore or rash caused by injury or disease

32
Q

Ostomy

A

A surgical procedure in which an artificial opening is created

33
Q

Paraplegic

A

Paralysis of lower half of body

34
Q

PNS

A

Cranial and spinal nerves

35
Q

Stoma

A

An artificial opening of an internal organ on the surface of the body

36
Q

Tendon

A

String bands of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

37
Q

Thrombus

A

A blood clot that forms and clots a vessel

38
Q

Traction

A

Method that uses weights and pulleys to immobilize broken bones while they heal

39
Q

TB

A

A chronic infectious lung disease caused by bacteria which is transmitted through droplets released by sneezing and coughing

40
Q

Tumor

A

Any new growth in the body

41
Q

Karposi sarcoma

A

A cancer associated with AIDS and causes skin lesions

42
Q

Pneumonocystis carinil pneumonia

A

A lung infection only prevalent in AIDSpatients

43
Q

Metastasis

A

Occurs once a cancer has spread through the lymph, nodes, or bloodstream

44
Q

URI

A

Caused by bacteria or viruses that invade the UR tract

45
Q

Pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria or virus

46
Q

COPD

A

Lung disease that permanently disrupts air flow in the respiratory system. Includes chronic bronchitis emphysema and asthma

47
Q

Lung cancers

A

One of the most common sites for cancer. Tied closely to cigarette smoking. Symptoms are consistent coughing up blood shortness of breath wheezing pain in chest and weight loss

48
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

Do not produce any insulin

49
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

Not as efficient at producing insulin

50
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Part of the brain slowly degenerates. Mask like facial expression, trembling or shuffling walk, stooped posture, stiff muscles, slow movements, slurred or monotone speech, and drooling

51
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Loss of myelin sheath. Visual disturbances, fatigue, blindness, contractures, paralysis, loss of bowel/bladder control, respiratory weakness

52
Q

Epilepsy

A

Electrical disturbances in the brain resulting in seizures.

53
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meninges. Headaches, nausea, stiff neck, convulsions, chills, and high temp

54
Q

Right brain injuries

A

Partial or complete paralysis of left side and loss of sensation
Difficulty in judging size, distance, and rate of movement
May act impulsively and unsafe

55
Q

Left brain injuries

A

Right paralysis and loss of sensation
Aphasia
Act cautiously and slowly

56
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Unable to control muscles. May not be mentally impaired

57
Q

Autism

A

Withdrawn and in world of own.

58
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Affects mucous glands of respiratory system. Clogs lungs and causes chronic resp problems. Die before 26

59
Q

Spina bifida

A

Birth defect in which the vertebrae fail to develop properly. Disabilities range Fromm,eg weakness to complete leg paralysis and cerebral palsy

60
Q

Depression

A

Fatigue, lethargy, crying spells, trouble sleeping, withdrawal, and inability to concentrate. Headaches, backaches, and stiff joints

61
Q

Agitation

A

Aimless wandering, pacing, cursing, screaming, spitting, biting, asking same question, demanding

62
Q

Age specific care considerations

A

Every patient has safety communication and comfort needs. How these needs are met depends on the age and stage of life of patient

63
Q

Cognitive impairment

A

Impairment of mental processes such as memory, judgement, and perception

64
Q

Holistic health

A

The view in health care that regards the body, mind, and spirit as interrelated dimensions of a persons being

65
Q

Airborne transmission

A

Transmission of microorganisms by evaporated droplets or dust particles moving throughout the air

66
Q

Bacteria

A

Single called microscopic organisms

67
Q

Clean

A

Referring to an object or area not contaminated by pathogens but not necessarily sterile

68
Q

Formite

A

Any object that is contaminated with pathogens and can transmit disease

69
Q

Isolation

A

Specific procedures and precautions designed to prevent a patient from infecting others or being infected by others. May involve housing a patient in a separate room.

70
Q

Medical asepsis

A

Practices and procedures to maintain a clean environment by removing or destroying disease causing organisms. Clean technique

71
Q

Mucus

A

Sticky substance secreted by mucous membranes in the lungs nose and other parts of the body which provides lubrication and helps to trap and kill microorganisms

72
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

An infection acquired while in a health care facility.

73
Q

Sharps

A

Needles, scalpels, razors, and any other sharp potentially dangerous object used in a health care facility

74
Q

Staph

A

A type of bacteria that is a common cause of infection

75
Q

Strep

A

A type of bacteria that is a common cause of chest and throat infections

76
Q

Terminal cleaning

A

Thorough cleaning of the patient unit after discharge

77
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Bedsore or pressure sore usually caused by remaining in a lying position for a prolonged period of time

78
Q

Pressure point

A

An area on the body that bears the body’s weight when lying or sitting and where the bones lie close to the skins surface

CNA (8 decks)

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